GAME TIME

WHAT-er????
HYDROLOGICAL
CYCLE
PILLOSIS. TANDANG. VELASCO.
What is Hydrological Cycle?

Linsley (n.d.) said “The hydrological cycle is the description

term applied to the general circulation of water from the sea
to the atmosphere, to the ground and back to the seas
again”
Elements of Hydrological Cycle

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/ContentFeature/Water/images/water_cycle.jpg
Step 1:
EVAPORATION
- the process where water at the surface turns
into water vapors.

- water moves from the hydrosphere to the

atmosphere.

- water absorbs heat energy from the sun and

turns into vapors.

- water bodies like the seas, oceans, lakes,

and rivers are the main source of evaporation.
Step 2:
CONDENSATION
- at high altitudes, the water vapor changes
into very tiny particles of ice/water droplets
because the temperature at high altitudes is
low

- particles come close together and form

clouds and fogs in the sky
Step 3:
SUBLIMATION
- process where ice directly converts into
water vapor in the air.

- ice directly converts into water vapors

without converting into liquid.

- main sources: ice sheets of the North

and South Pole and the ice caps on the
mountain.
 Step 4:
PRECIPITATION
-water enters the lithosphere

- clouds pour down as precipitation due to wind or

temperature change and because air cannot hold
water anymore

- water droplets combine to make bigger droplets

- high altitudes = low temperature; water droplets

fall as snow

- drizzle, sleet, and hail

Step 5:
TRANSPIRATION
- some of the water is absorbed by the soil

- also similar to evaporation where liquid water is turned

into water vapor by the plants

- the roots of the plants absorb the water and push it

toward the leaves where it is used in photosynthesis

- extra water is moved out of leaves through the stomata

as water vapors

- water enters the biosphere and exits into gaseous

phase
Step 6: RUNOFF
- water runs over the surface of earth

- water displaces the top soil with it and

moves the minerals along with the stream

- this runoff combines to form channels

and then rivers and ends up into lakes,
seas, and oceans

- water enters the hydrosphere

Step 7:
INFILTRATION
- some water that precipitates does not
run off into the rivers and is absorbed
by the plants or gets evaporated and
moves deep into the soil

- water seeps down and increases the

level of ground water table that is pure
and is drinkable
Significant Role

Physical Biological
Role Role
Physical Role

● The maintenance of balance in exchange of waters between the ground and

the sea
○ Discharge and Recharge of waters
● Transfer of water in between places in land
● Role of Hydrological Cycle in Landscape evolution
Biological Role

● Water-supply to the living world

● Growth of Plant Kingdom
● Cultivation
● Maintaining Aquatic Eco-system
● Growth of civilisation and conservation
Human Perturbation

WITHDRAWALS
DISCHARGE
WITHDRAWALS

● Irrigation usage
● Household usage
● Industrial processes
DISCHARGES

● Discharges from homes or human waste

● Discharges from industrial companies and poultry
● Farm pesticides
● URBANIZATION
● DEFORESTATION
● ARTIFICIAL RESERVOIRS
● CLIMATE CHANGE
● DEFORESTATION
● CLOUD SEEDING
References
PAUL A. 2004. The Importance of Hydrological Cycle on Earth. Bhatter College Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 04()
pp. 115-116. Retrieved on October 03, 2018 from http://bcjms.bhattercollege.ac.in/V4/12_Hydrological_Cycle.pdf

PAGANO T.C. 2002. Hydrologic Cycle. The Earth system: physical and chemical dimensions of global environmental
change, 01 pp. 450-461. Retrieved on October 03, 2018 from
file:///C:/Users/Lib/Downloads/2003_PaganoSorooshian_Encyclopedia_WaterCycle.pdf

ZHOU et al. 2016. Human-Induced Changes in the Global Water Cycle: Natural and Human-Induced Impacts. Doi:
10.1002/9781118971772.ch4

https://www.freedrinkingwater.com/resource-water-cycle-student-guide.htm

http://spice4life.co.za/lets_talk_business/how-humans-affect-the-water-cycle/

https://cvc.ca/watershed-science/our-watershed/the-water-cycle/how-humans-affect-the-water-cycle/