NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
LESSON 1: PUBLIC HEALTH
A science and art of preventing disease,
prolonging life, promoting health and efficiency
through organized community efforts for the
sanitation of the environment, control of
communicable disease, education of individuals,
personal hygiene, organization of the medical and
nursing service and the development of the social
machinery, which will ensure to every individual in
the community a standard of living adequate for
the maintenance of health”.(.E. Winslow, 1920)
Refers to the health status of the members of the
community, to the problems affecting their health
and to the totality of health are provided for the
community (WHO)
Core Business of Public Health
1. Disease control
a. vaccines , reducing and managing
the number of infections,
noncommunicable diseases
(hypertension, DM, etc) and mental
health
2. Injury prevention
a. National Highway Speed Limit
(40-60 mph)
b. CyCycle Helmet Law
c. Child Passenger Restraint Law
(bawal sa front ang bata)
d. Smoke detectors
e. Violence Penetrating Injury
Program (e.g. Child Abuse, Rape,
Violence against women and ch)
3. Health Protection
a. Child immunization, EPI
4. Healthy public policy
a. No smoking in public places (2nd
hand smoking can cause risks to
health)
5. Promotion of health and equitable health
gain
Essential Public Health Functions:
● Health situation monitoring and analysis
● Epidemiological surveillance/disease
prevention and control
● Development of policies and planning in
public health
○ Include advancement and
implementations of public health
law
○ Ex: DOH categorized who will be
the first one to receive COVID-19
vaccination (Category A, B, C, and
D)
● Strategic management of health systems
and services for population health gain
○ Helps the organization achieve
sustainable outcomes
● Regulation and enforcement to protect
public health
● Health promotion, social participation and
empowerment
○ By informing the public of the
benefits of the vaccination. Even
indigenous groups participated in
the vaccination program.
● Ensuring the quality of personal and
population based health services
○ Health services provide health care
facilities either free or at a low cost
so that even the poor can benefit.
● Research, development and
implementation of innovative public health
solutions
○ Better equipment has allowed
doctors to provide more
comprehensive care.
Community Health
WHO defines community health as:
environmental, social, and economic resources to
sustain emotional and physical well being among
people in ways that advance their aspirations and
satisfy their needs in their unique environment.
● Concern with the health of local
community (eg:
● Render preventive, clinical care
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
Public Health
Focuses on the scientific process of preventing
infectious disease;
Community health - focuses more on the overall
contributors to a population’s physical and mental
health
Public Health Nursing
The American Public Health Association defines
public health nursing as, “the practice of
promoting and protecting the health of
populations using knowledge from nursing, social,
and public health science”.
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
Community
● Derived from a latin word "comunicas"
which means a group of people.
● a social group determined by geographical
boundaries and/or common values and
interests (WHO)
● local area over which people are using the
same language, conforming to the same
feelings, more or less the same
sentiments and acting upon the same
attitudes. (Sutherland) can be viewed
3 Ways:
➔ geographical location
◆ Gives something in common not
shared outside the community
◆ Ex. using language based on the
location
➔ social system
◆ Members of the community are
functionally related to each other.
All the parts are connected with
teach other and they make an
integrated whole.
➔ collection of people
◆ Group of families
● A service rendered by professional nurse
with the community, groups, families, and
individuals at home, in health center, in
clinics, in schools, and in places of work
for the promotion of health, prevention of
illness, care of the sick at home and
rehabilitation (Ruth B. Freeman).
● "The utilization of the nursing process in
the different levels of clientele-individuals,
families, population groups and
communities, concerned with the
promotion of health, prevention of disease
and disability and rehabilitation.”
( Maglaya, et al)
Goal:
"To raise the level of citizenry by helping
communities and families to cope with the
discontinuities in and threats to health in such a
way as to maximize their potential for high-level
wellness" (Nisce, et al)
Mission of CHN
● Health Promotion
○ Members of the community are
functionally related to each other.
All the parts are connected with
teach other and they make an
integrated whole.
● Health Protection
○ Ex. Community as the producer of
rice
○ Regular testing of the soil
○ Ensuring that food will not carry
diseases
○ Prevent people from eating
contaminated food
● Health Balance
○ Happiness is important
○ Focus on our minds
● Disease prevention
○ Regular examination catered by
CHN or hospitals
● Social Justice
○ Includes fairness in healthcare,
employment, housing, and more
○ Apply all aspects in community
including race and gender
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES

Philosophy of CHN
STANDARD 5 The PHN implements the
"The philosophy of CHN is based on the worth Implementation identified plan by partnering
and dignity on the worth and dignity of man."(Dr. with others
M. Shetland)
● Coordination Coordinated programs,
Basic Principles of CHN services, and other
activities to complement the
1. The community is the patient in CHN, the
identified plan
family is the unit of care and there are four
levels of clientele: individual, family, ● Health Employs multiple strategies
population group (those who share education to promote health, prevent
common characteristics, developmental and Health disease, and ensure a safe
stages and common exposure to health promotion environment for populations
problems - e.g. children, elderly), and the ● Consultation Provides consultations to
community. c=various community
2. In CHN, the client is considered as an groups and officials to
ACTIVE partner NOT PASSIVE recipient facilitate the implementation
of care of programs and services.
3. CHN practice is affected by developments
● Regulatory Identifies, interprets, and
in health technology, in particular, changes activities implements public health
in society, in general laws, regulations, and
4. The goal of CHN is achieved through policies
multi-sectoral efforts
5. CHN is a part of the health care system STANDARD 6 The PHN evaluates the
Evaluation health status of the
and the larger human services system.
population

STANDARD 7 The PHN systematically

STANDARDS OF PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
Standards of Care
STANDARD 1 The public health nurse
Assessment collects comprehensive
data pertinent to the health
status of the population
STANDARD 2 The PHN analyzes the
Population assessment data to
Diagnosis and determine the population
Priorities diagnosis and priorities
STANDARD 3 The PHN identifies the
Outcome expected outcome for a
Identification plan that is based on
population diagnosis and
priorities
STANDARD 4 The PHN develops a plan
Planning that reflects best practices
by identifying strategies,
action plans, and alternative
to attain expected outcome
Quality of Practice enhances the quality and
effectiveness of nursing
practice
STANDARD 8 The PHN attains knowledge
Education and competency that
reflects current nursing and
public health practice
STANDARD 9 The PHN evaluates one’s
Professional own nursing practice in
Practice Evaluation relation to professional
practice standards and
guidelines relevant statutes,
rules and regulations.
STANDARD 10 The PHN establishes
Collegiality and collegial partnerships while
Professional interacting with
Relationships representatives of the
population, organization ,
and health and human
services, professionals and
contributes to the
professional development
of peers, students,
colleagues, and others.
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES

○ Working with other health team

STANDARD 11 The PHN collaborates with
Collaboration the representatives of the member
population, organizations, ○ Ex. collaboration with the
and health and human Department of Health (DOH)
services professionals in ○
providing for and promoting Other Specific Responsibilities of a Nurse
the health of the population Spelled by the implementing rules and regulations
STANDARD 12 The PHN integrates ethical of RA 7164 (Philippine Nursing Act of 1991)
Ethics provisions in all areas of includes:
practice ● Supervision and care of women during
pregnancy, labor and puerperium
STANDARD 13 The PHN integrates ● Performance of internal examination and
Research research findings in practice
delivery of babies
STANDARD 14 The PHN considers factors ● Suturing lacerations in the absence of a
Resource Utilization related to safety, physician
Population effectiveness, cost, and ● Provision of first aid measures and
impact on practice and in emergency care
planning and delivery of ● Recommending herbal and symptomatic
nursing and public health
meds, etc.
programs, policies, and
services In the care of the families:
● Provision of primary health care services
STANDARD 15 The PHN provides ○ Something for use
Leadership leadership in nursing and ○ Services like prenatal,
public health immunization
● Developmental/Utilization of family nursing
care plan in the provision of care
○ With the use of Family Nursing
Roles and Responsibilities of a Community Care Plan
Health Nurse In the care of the communities:
● Community organizing mobilization,
community development and people
ROLES:
empowerment
● Clinician
○ Promote welllness
● Health educator
● Case finding and epidemiological
○ Illness prevention through
investigation
dissemination of correct
● Program planning, implementation and
information
evaluation Influencing executive and
○ Educating people
legislative individuals or bodies
○ Giving health teachings
concerning health and development
● Facilitator
○ Establishes multi linkages
Responsibilities of CHN
● Supervisor
● Be a part in developing an overall health
○ Monitors and supervises the
plan, its implementation and evaluation for
performance of midwife (under of a
communities
nurse)
● Provide quality nursing services to the
● Health Advocator
three levels of clientele
○ Speaks or act on behalf of the
● Maintain coordination/linkages with other
client
health team members, NGO/government
● Collaboration
agencies in the provision of public health
services
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
● Conduct researches relevant to CHN
services to improve provision of health
care
● Provide opportunities for professional
growth and continuing education for staff
development
The Health Care Delivery System
Health System
● consist of all organizations, people, and
actions whose primary intent is to
promote, restore, or maintain health.
It has 6 building blocks :
1. Service delivery
- How to deliver our service
2. Health workforce
- Health Workers such as Doctors,
Nurses, and more
3. Information
- Provide information to the
community
4. Medical products (vaccines and
technologies)
- Maintenance medications
5. Financing
- Budget
6. Leadership and governance stewardship
Health Care Delivery System
Health care delivery system is the totality of all
policies, infrastructures, facilities, equipment,
product, human resources, and services that
address the health needs, problems and
concerns of the people.
Composed of 2 sectors:
a. Public
- Largely finance
- Generally given free
- Less price but needed to be
scheduled first
b.Private
- Expensive but readily accessible
- Largely market-oriented and where
healthcare is paid through…
- Not free
A. World Health Organization
● WHO- a specialized agency of the United
Nations that provides global leadership on
health matters
● The WHO constitution; states that its
objective is the attainment of all people’s
highest possible level of health .
● It came into force on April 7,1948.
MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
● there were 8 goals that all 189 UN
Member States have agreed to try to
achieve by the year 2015.
● The United Nations Millennium
Declaration, signed in September 2000,
committed world leaders to combat
poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy,
environmental degradation, and
discrimination against women.
● The MDGs were derived from this
Declaration, and had specific targets and
indicators.
● A common vision of poverty reduction and
sustainable development in
● response to the global and country health
trends.
Imperatives:
○ shifts in demographic and
epidemiological trends in disease
○ new technologies for healthcare,
communication and information
○ existing and emerging
environmental hazards
○ Health norms
Millenium Development Goals (MDGs)
8 MDG'S
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2. Achieve universal primary education
3. Promote gender equality and empower
women.
4. Reduce child mortality
5. Improve maternal health
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria & other
diseases
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
8. Develop a global partnership for
development
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
B. Develop a global Partnership for
development
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDG)
are the blueprint to achieve a better and more
sustainable future for all.
● They address the global challenges we
face, including those related
● to poverty, inequality, climate change,
environmental degradation,
● peace and justice.
● The 17 Goals are all interconnected, and
in order to leave no one behind, it is
important that we achieve them all by
2030
17 SDG's
1. No Poverty
- Remains one of the greatest …
facing humanity.
2. Zero Hunger
3. Good health and well being
- To ensure healthy lives and
promote well-being to all ages.
4. Quality education
- Ensure inclusive and equitable
education and promote life-long
learning for all
- Ex: scholarship
5. Gender equality
- Achieve gender equality
- Empower all women
6. Clean water and sanitation
- To ensure availability and
sustainable management of water
and sanitation for all
7. Affordable and clean energy
- To ensure access to affordable,
reliable, sustainable, and modern
energy for all.
- Ex: solar bulbs/light
8. Decent work and economic growth
- To promote sustained, inclusive,
and sustainable economic growth,
full and productive employment
and decent work for all.
9. Industry, Innovation and infrastructure
- Build resilient infrastructure,
promote inclusive and sustainable
industrialization, and foster
innovation.
10. Reduced Inequality
- To reduce inequality within and
among ….
11. Sustainable cities and communities
- To make cities and human
settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable.
12. Responsible Consumption and production
- To ensure sustainable
consumption and production
patterns
13. Climate Action
- To take urgent action to combat
climate change
14. Life Below Water
- Conserve and sustainably use the
ocean, seas, and marine resources
for sustainable development.
15. Life on Land
-
16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
- To promote peaceful…. provide
access and justice to all
17. Partnership to achieve the goal
- This to strengthen the means of
implementation and revitalized the
global partnership for sustainable
development.
Note: It has 15 years lifespan; 2016 marks the 1st
years of its implementation
SUMMARY:
● The Global Challenge for Government
Transparency; The Sustainable
Development Goals (SDG) 2030 Agenda
● In 2015, nations agreed with the United
Nation that they can change the world for
the better
● This will be accomplished by bringing
together their respective governments,
businesses, media, institutions of higher
education, and local NGOs to improve the
lives of the people in their country by the
year 2030.
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES

- Together with the action, they will

LESSON 2:
STANDARDS OF PUBLIC HEALTH also employ different strategies
NURSING PRACTICE and guarantee….
c. Consultation - Provides consultation to
various community groups and officials to
Standards of Care
facilitate the implementation of programs
and services
● STANDARD 1: Assessment
- Needs channeling
- The public health nurse collects
- Need to inform different groups in
comprehensive data pertinent to
the community
the health status of the population
d. Regulatory activities - Identifies, interprets,
- he/she knows the health status of
and implements public health laws,
the community, who are those
regulations, and policies
vaccinated or not,
- Contribute major health….
● STANDARD 2: Population Diagnosis and
● STANDARD 6: Evaluation
Priorities
- The PHN evaluates the health
- The PHN analyzes the assessment
status of the population
data to determine the population
diagnosis and priorities
● STANDARD 7: Quality of Practice
- he/she has the record of the
- The PHN systematically enhances
families that need attention.
the quality and effectiveness of
nursing practice
● STANDARD 3: Outcome Identification
- he/she must assess whether the
- The PHN identifies the expected
quality of care is still effective
outcome for a plan that is based on
population diagnoses and priorities
● STANDARD 8: Education
- he/she already knows what will be
- The PHN attains knowledge and
the outcome of the plan based on
competency that reflects current
the goals and objectives
nursing and public health practice
● STANDARD 4: Planning
● STANDARD 9: Professional Practice
- The PHN develops a plan that
Evaluation
reflects best practices by
- The PHN evaluates one's own
identifying strategies ., action
nursing practice in relation to
plans, and alternative to attain
professional practice standards
expected outcomes Planning
and guidelines, relevant statutes,
- Plan A,B,C…
rules, and regulations
● STANDARD 5: Implementation
● STANDARD 10: Collegiality and
- The PHN implements the identified
professional relationships
plan by partnering with others
- The PHN establishes collegial
a. Coordination - Coordinates programs,
partnerships while interacting with
services, and other activities to implement
representatives of the population,
the identified plan
organization, and health and
- Implement the plan of action
human services professionals and
b. Health education and health promotion -
contributes to the professional
Employs multiple strategies to promote
development of peers, students,
health , prevent disease, and ensure a
colleagues, and others
safe environment for populations.
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
● STANDARD 11: Collaboration
- The PHN collaborates with the
representatives of the population ,
organizations, and health and
human services professionals in
providing for and promoting the
health of the population
- We will not limit our collaboration
with the doctor, but also the people
from the different organization and
the whole population
● STANDARD 12: Ethics
- The PHN integrates ethical
provisions in all areas of practice
● STANDARD 13: Research
- The PHN integrates research
findings in practice
- It can provide important
information about diseases and
risk factors
- Provide complimentary insights
● STANDARD 14: Resource Utilization
population
- The PHN considers factors related
to safety , effectiveness, cost, and
impact on practice and in planning
and delivery of nursing and public
health programs, policies, and
services
● STANDARD 15: Leadership
- The PHN provides leadership in
nursing and public health
- Combination of clinical background
information provides a sound basis
of public health ……
LESSON 3:
HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM
PHILIPPINE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
DOH - Is the national agency mandated to lead
the health sectors toward assuring quality health
care for Filipinos
● national government's biggest health care
provider
● exercises regulatory powers of health
facilities and product
● takes the lead in the formulation of
policies and standards related to health
facilities, health products and health
human resource
● Formulation, planning, coordination,
implantation of policies, promotion,
restoration of health of people.
● Previous DOH Sec: Fransico Duque III
● Current OIC of DOH: Maira Rosario
Vergeire
Major Role of DOH
1. Leader in health
2. Enabler and capacity builder
3. Administrator of specific services
Vision
The DOH is the leader, staunch advocate and
model in promoting HEALTH FOR ALL in the
Philippines
Goal
Overriding goal of the DOH is the Health Sector
Reform Agenda.
Mission
Guarantee equitable, sustainable, and quality
health for all Filipinos, especially the poor and
shall lead the quest for excellence in health. ✓ by
making services available
● By arousing community awareness
● By mobilizing resources
● By promoting the means to better health
Health Sector Reform Agenda
The five major reforms contained in the HRSA:
1. Provide fiscal autonomy to government
hospitals
2. Secure funding for priority public health
programs
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
3. Promote the development of local health
systems and ensure its effective
performance
4. Strengthen the capacities of health
regulatory agencies
5. Expand the coverage of the National
Health Insurance Program
Framework for Implementation for of HRSA:
FOURmula ONE for Health - it is the strategy
for implementing health reforms
● Spells out the program imperatives of the
health sector
● Intends to implement critical interventions
as a single package backed by effective
management infrastructure and financing
arrangements following a sectoral
approach
Goals of FOURmula ONE for Health
● Better health outcomes
● More responsive health systems
● Equitable health care financing
● National Objectives for Health
○ provides the road map for
stakeholders in health and
health-related sectors to intensify
and harmonize their efforts to
attain its vision and mission
Principles
● Universal access to basic health services
must be ensured.
● The health and nutrition of vulnerable
groups must be prioritized.
● The epidemiologic shift from infectious to
degenerative diseases must be managed.
● The performance of the health sector must
be enhanced
Goals and Objectives
● Improve the general health status of the
population.
● Reduce morbidity and mortality from
certain diseases
● Eliminate certain diseases as public health
problems
● Promote healthy lifestyle and environment
health
● Protect vulnerable groups with special
health and nutrition needs
LOCAL HEALTH SYSTEM
LHS - A health system at the sub-national level
(Dorotan, et al) The core element of local or
district health system is the integrated primary
health care and the first referral hospital serving a
well-defined population (Segall, 2003).
● Government-owned corporation which
subsidizes health care, non-emergency
services (removal of cysts cataract
extraction), but does not cover all
expenses.
● Budget for room accommodation - 500
(ward)
● If naay excess, ikaw bayad
Inter -Local Health Zone
Any form of organized arrangement for
coordinating the operations of an array and
hierarchy of health providers and facilities serving
a common population within a local geographic
area under the jurisdictions of more than one
local government (DOH, CY 2006)
Composition of an ILHZ
● Primary Health Care Providers (Barangay
Health Station, Rural Health Unit, health
centers, community hosp., private
practitioners, traditional/alternative
providers, caregivers, household
● Core referral hospital(s): District Hospital
or Provincial Hospital
● End referral hospital(s): Higher level
hospitals
Guiding Principles for ILHZs
1. Voluntary actions for mutual benefits
2. Flexible forms of organization
3. Results -oriented
4. Sustained and evolutionary
5. Purposive and developmental
6. Universal and non-partisan
Devolution of Health Services
RA 7160 a.k.a. Local Government Code
● One of the significant laws that radically
changed the landscape of health care
delivery
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
● Aims to transform local government units
into self-reliant communities and active
partners in the attainment of national
goals through more responsive and
accountable local government structure
instituted through a system of
decentralization
1993 - Health services were devolved or
transferred from the DOH to the LGU-all
provincial, district and municipal hospitals to the
provincial governments and the rural health units
(RHUS) and barangay health stations (BHSs) to
the municipal governments
LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE AND REFERRAL
SYSTEM
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
● Health services offered at this level are to
individuals in fair health and to patients
with diseases in the early symptomatic
stage
● Primary care is devolved to the cities and
the municipalities.
● It is the health care provided by center
physicians, public health nurses, rural
health midwives, BHWs, traditional
healers.
SECONDARY LEVEL OF CARE
● Service offered to patients with
symptomatic stages of disease which
require moderately specialized knowledge
and technical resources for adequate
treatment
● is given by physicians with basic health
training. (licensed doctor)
● This is usually given in health facilities
either owned or government operated
such as infirmaries, municipal, and
● district hospitals, OPD of provincial
hospitals.
● Capable of performing minor surgeries
and perform some simple laboratory
examinations.
TERTIARY LEVEL OF CARE
● Are the highly technological and
sophisticated services offered by medical
centers and large hospitals. These are
specialized national hospitals.
● Services are for clients afflicted with
diseases which seriously threaten their
health & which require highly technical
and specialized knowledge, facilities and
personnel to treat effectively.
● Note: Advances in health sciences and
services have brought about the
development of different types of health
facilities. DOH Administrative Order
2012-0012 Rules and Regulation
Governing the new Classification of
Hospital and other Health Facilities in the
Philippines)
Classification of Hospitals
1. General Hospital - provides services for all
kinds of illnesses and injuries, or
deformities.
2. Specialized Hospital - offers services for a
specific disease or condition or type of
patient like Philippine Heart Center,
Philippine Kidney Institute, Lung Center.
Classification of other Health Facilities:
1. Category A Primary Health Care Facility -
a first contact health care facility that
offers basic services including emergency
services and provisions to normal
deliveries.
a. Without in patient beds like health
centers, clinics, and dental facilities
b. With in patients beds- a short stay
facility where the patients on the
average one or two days before
discharge. ex. Lying-in, birthing
homes
2. Category B Custodial Care Facility - health
facility that provides long term care
including the basic services like food,
shelter, to patients with chronic conditions.
ex. Custodial psychiatric facilities,
substance/ drug abuse treatment and
rehabilitation. sanitaria/ leprosaria, nursing
homes, psychiatric ward
3. Category C. Diagnostic/ Therapeutic
Facility - a facility for the examination of
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
the human body, specimens from human
body (e.g. sputum) for the diagnosis,
sometimes treatment of disease, or water
drinking analysis.
Further Classification:
Laboratory Facility such as, but not limited to the
ff.
a) Clinical Laboratory
b) HIV Testing Center
(all hospitals have one)
c) Blood Service Facility
d) Drug Testing Laboratory
e) Newborn Screening Laboratory
f) Laboratory for drinking water analysis
g) Radiologic Facility such as X-ray, CT
scan, Mammography, MRI,
ultrasonography
h) Nuclear Medicine facility - a facility
regulated by the Philippine Nuclear
Research Institute utilizing radioactive
materials in diagnosis, treatment, or
medical research.
4. Category D Specialized Outpatient Facility
- a facility that performs highly specialized
procedures on an outpatient basis. ex
dialysis, cancer radiation facility,
rehabilitation centers
LESSON 4:
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
1. BRIEF HISTORY
● Sept. 6-12, 1978 - health workers from
around 200 count ries attended the
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE @ Alma Ata,
USSR
● INITIATED by WHO and United Nations
Children's Fund
● Altogether the participants expressed the
need for concerted efforts by all
government and health and development
workers for the protection and promotion
of health of all the people
● The Alma Ata declaration on Primary
Health Care emerged from the said
conference
ALMA ATA DECLARATIONS
1. Health is a basic fundamental right
2. There exist global burden of health
inequalities among populations
3. Economic and social development is of
basic importance for the attainment of
health for all
4. Government have a responsibility for the
health of their people
2. LEGAL BASIS
● PHC was adopted in the Philippines by
virtue of Letter of Instruction (LOI) 949 of
1979
● Philippines the 1st country in Asia to meet
the challenge of PHC
3. DEFINITION
● Primary Health Care is an essential
health care made universally acceptable
to individuals and families in the
community by means acceptable to them
through their full participation and at a cost
that the community and country and afford
at every stage of development in the spirit
of self-reliance and self-determination.
(WHO)
4. GOALS
● Universal goal of PHC = " HEALTH FOR
ALL" by the year 2000
○ To have an acceptable level of
health for all people of the world
through community and individual
self reliance.
● The policy agenda of health for all by the
year 2000" technically was a global
strategy employed for achieving 3 main
objectives:
○ Promotion of healthy lifestyles
○ Prevention of diseases
○ Therapy for existing conditions
● President Ferdinand Marcos signed the
LOI 949 with the theme "Health in the
Hands of the People by 2020"
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
5. 8 ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF FAMILY
HEALTH CARE
Education for Health
● This is one of the potent methodologies
for information dissemination. It promotes
the partnership of both the family
members and health workers in the
promotion of health as well as prevention
of illness
● Spread of correct information, also needs
participation of people in the community
and health workers.
Locally Endemic Disease Control
● The control of endemic disease focuses
on the prevention of its occurrence to
reduce morbidity rate. (Example: Malaria
control and Schistosomiasis control,
dengue fever)
Expanded Program on Immunization
● This program exists to control the
occurrence of preventable illnesses
especially of children below 6 years old.
Immunizations on poliomyelitis, measles,
tetanus, diphtheria and other preventable
disease are given for free by the
government and ongoing program of the
DOH
Maternal and Child Health and Family
Planning
● The mother and child are the most
delicate members of the community. So
the protection of the mother and child to
illness and other risks would ensure good
health for the community.
● The goal of Family Planning includes
spacing of children and responsible
parenthood.
Environmental Sanitation and Promotion of
Safe Water Supply
● Environmental Sanitation is defined as the
study of all factors in the man's
environment, which exercise or may
exercise deleterious effect on his
well-being and survival. Water is a basic
need for life and one factor in man's
environment. Water is necessary for the
maintenance of healthy lifestyle. Safe
Water and Sanitation is necessary for
basic promotion of health.
Nutrition and Promotion of Adequate Food
Supply
● One basic need of the family is food. And
if food is properly prepared then one may
be assured healthy family. There are many
food resources found in the communities
but because of faulty preparation and lack
of knowledge regarding proper food
planning, Malnutrition is one of the
problems that we have in the country.
Treatment of Communicable Diseases and
Common Illness
● The diseases spread through direct
contact pose a great risk to those who can
be infected. Tuberculosis is one of the
communicable diseases continuously
occupies the top ten causes of death.
Most communicable diseases are also
preventable. The Government focuses on
the prevention, control and treatment of
these illnesses.
Supply of Essential Drugs
● This focuses on the information campaign
on the utilization and acquisition of drugs.
In response to this campaign, the
GENERIC ACT of the Philippines is
enacted. It includes the following drugs:
Cotrimoxazole, Paracetamol, Amoxycillin,
Oresol, Nifedipine, Rifampicin, INH
(isoniazid) and Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol,
Streptomycin, Albendazole, Quinine
6 PRINCIPLES OF STRATEGIES
1. ACCESSIBILITY, AFFORDABILITY,
ACCEPTABILITY, AND AVAILABILITY
(botika ng bayan, Ligtas tigdas Pilipinas)
2. SUPPORT MECHANISM (Resources for
essential services comes from 3 entities:
People, Government, and Private sectors)
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
3. MULTISECTORAL APPROACH
(exemplified through intersectoral and
intersectoral linkages)
4. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
(Individuals, families, and communities are
not recipients of care but active
participants in achieving their health
goals)
5. EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF
RESOURCES (PHC advocates for care
that is community based and preventive in
orientation)
6. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
4 A'S
Accessibility
➢ Refers to the physical distance of a health
facility or the travel time required for
people to get needed or desired services.
This requires the existence of a facility
within reasonable distance from the
catchment population or the people they
serve
➢ WHO - health facilities should be
accessible within 30 mins from the
communities (along the highway, e.g.
pharmacies)
➢ Barangay Health Stations (BHS) are
facilities intended to provide accessible
health services in a community level (gym,
barangay hall, kindergarten, health
centers)
Affordability
➢ Not only for consideration of the individual
or family’s capacity to pay for basic health
services. It is also the matter of whether
the community or government can afford
these services (machines used in
hospitals)
➢ WHO - to determine the affordability of
health care is the out-of-pocket expenses
for health care. This is the actual cost of
the family for health care services.
➢ Philippines health insurances is covered
by PhilHealth
Acceptability
➢ Health care offered is in consonance with
the prevailing culture and traditions of the
population
Availability
➢ Is a question of whether the basic health
services required by the people are
offered in the health care facilities or is
provided in a regular and organized
manner.
SUPPORT MECHANISM
● Resources for essential health services
come from three major entities:
○ The People, Government and the
Private sectors (NGO, socio-civic
and faith groups)
● Health programs and projects provide
better outputs when these three entities
are involved
● Multisectoral approach is necessary to
efficiently utilize the resources from the
three major entities
MULTISECTORAL APPROACH
● Diseases are outcomes of multiple
interrelated factors, PHC requires
Communication, Cooperation, and
Collaboration within and among various
sectors.
● This is exemplified through intersectoral
and intrasectoral linkages.
Intrasectoral Linkages
● Refers to communication, cooperation and
collaboration within the health sector:
among members of the health team and
among health agencies
● Team approach is utilized by the
personnel of a health center in dealing
with health conditions and problems.
(BHW, doctors, nurses work together)
● Two-way referral system - necessary for
clients to get the needed and desired care
● "the population is sick because they are
poor” – This statement implies that illness
or health is a result of economic gains or
the lack thereof. Health is a multisectoral
concern. Health programs should not be
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
taken in isolation from the overall
development agenda of society.
● Ex. A pregnant woman went to barangay
health center for check up was diagnosed
with preeclampsia and was referred to the
hospital for delivery since dili pwede sa
health center manganak since high risk
pregnancy. Once discharged, she is being
referred back to the health center.
● Encompass the communication,
cooperation and collaboration between the
health sector and other sectors of society
like education, public works, agriculture
and local govt officials.
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
● Is an educational empowering process in
which people, in partnership with those
who are able to assist them, identify the
problems and the needs and increasingly
assume responsibilities themselves to
plan, manage, control and assess the
collective actions that are proved
necessary.
True/ Active participation
● people should be knowledgeable about
their own health problems
● should identify the needs for their solution
or reduction and
● draw out plans of actions according to the
priority and the resources available;
organize and implement the programs and
monitor and control their progress and
periodically evaluate for getting the
feedback and do reprogramming
● Hindi lang taga receive, dapat participate,
giving back what the health center
deserve
EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF HEALTH
RESOURCES
● PHC advocates for care that is community
based and preventive in orientation.
● Philippines has oversupply of medicine
and nursing graduates
● Govt health care employees
(29% = Dr; 26% = RN)
● Impression: graduates of health-related
college programs wants to work abroad
Two Programs of DOH to ensure distribution
of manpower to the rural areas:
● Doctor to the Barrios (DTTB) Program -
DTTB volunteers are fielded to manage
the RHU of 5th o 6th class municipalities
for 2 years and have the option to be
absorbed with competitive compensation
by the DOH and LGU
● Registered Nurses Health
Enhancement and Local Service (RN
HEALS ) - deployment of nurses for 1
year to address the inadequate nursing
workforce in rural communities
APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
refers to the technology that is based suitable to
the community that will use it. To better capture its
essence, the terms " people's technology" and
indigenous technology" are also used in reference
to appropriate technology.
CRITERIA FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
1. Safety - technology results in minimal
risks to the users and that the intended
positive outcome far outweighs its
unintended negative effects.
2. Effectiveness - technology should
accomplish what is meant to accomplish
ex. medicinal plants
3. Affordability - measures for health
promotion and disease prevention are
cost effective in comparison to treatment
of diseases
4. Simplicity - technology that requires
readily available simple materials that
involves a simple process. Example ORS
5. Acceptability- technology is effective only
when it is used by those who need it
(culture is an important consideration in
determining appropriateness of
technology, education is essential for
adaptation.
6. Feasibility and Reliability- technology
must be easy to apply considering the
peoples' natural settings like the home,
school, workplace, and community,
supplies must be constantly available ex.
DSSM
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
7. Ecological Effects - effects on ecology
are RA 8423 Traditional and Alternative
Medicine Act of 1997 - created the
Philippine Institute of Traditional and
Alternative Health Care
MAJOR STRATEGIES
1. Elevating health to a comprehensive and
sustained national effort
2. Promoting and supporting community
managed health care
3. Increasing efficiency in health sector
4. Advancing essential national health
research
1. ELEVATING HEALTH TO
COMPREHENSIVE AND SUSTAINED
NATIONAL EFFORT
● Attaining health for all Filipinos will require
expanding participation in health and
health-related I programs whether as
service provider or beneficiary.
Empowerment to parents, families and
communities to make decisions of their
health is the desired outcome.
● Advocacy must be directed to national and
local policy making to elicit support and
commitment to major health concerns
through legislations, budgetary and
logistical considerations
2. PROMOTING AND SUPPORTING
COMMUNITY MANAGED HEALTH CARE
● The health in the hands of the people
brings the government closest to the
people. It necessitates a process of
capacity building of communities and
organization to plan, implement and
evaluate health programs at their levels.
● Also need to identify whether actions were
effective
3. INCREASING EFFICIENCY IN HEALTH
SECTOR
● Using appropriate technology will make
services and resources required for their
delivery, effective, affordable, accessible
and culturally acceptable.
● The development of human resources
must correspond to the actual needs of
the nation and the policies it upholds such
as PHC.
● The Department of Health (DOH) continue
to support and assist both public and
private institutions particularly in faculty
development, enhancement of relevant
curricula and development of standard
teaching materials.
4. ADVANCING ESSENTIAL NATIONAL
HEALTH RESEARCH
● Essential National Health Research
(ENHR) is an integrated strategy for
organizing and managing research using
intersectoral, multidisciplinary and
A scientific approach to health programming
and delivery.
THREE LEVELS OF PREVENTION
Primary Prevention - relates to activities directed
at preventing a problem before it occurs by
altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible individuals.
● General health promotion - good nutrition,
adequate shelter, regular exercise
● Specific protection - eliminate risk factors
and includes such measure immunization,
water purification/water treatment
Secondary Prevention - refers to the early
detection and prompt intervention during the
period of early disease and pathogenesis. It is
implemented after a problem has begun but
before signs and symptoms appear and targets
those population who have risk factors.
Tertiary Prevention - targets the population that
experienced disease or injury and focuses on
limitation of disability and rehabilitation.Aims are
to reduce the effects of disease and injury and to
restore individuals to their optimal level of
functioning.
LESSON 5.A: EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC
HEALTH NURSING IN THE PHILIPPINES
 NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
Pre-Spanish Era - no records
Spanish Regime (1591-1898)
Brother Juan Clemente (1577) started Public
Health Services through a dispensary in Intramuros
Started water sanitation, introduced small pox
vaccine ,creation of position of district, provincial,
national health officers
American Regime ( 1898-1942)
1898 creation of Board of the Health for
Physician
st
1899 appointment of the 1 commissioner of
health
1906 abolition of the Board of Health , creation
of the Bureau of Health
1912 PHN started in Cebu with 4 graduate
nurses who dealt primarily in MCH services
1915 PHN began in Manila with 2 nurses who
offered follow up care of OB patients and
environmental sanitation services
Japanese Regime ( 1942-1945)
PHN services were interrupted
Era of the Republic of the Philippines (1946-
present )
1947 DOH was divided into 3 bureaus
(Hospital,Quarantine, Health)
May 18, 1954 RA 1082(RHU Act) was passed,
implemented in July of the same year, provided for
the employment of health personnel, including
nurses, who would man the RHUs and help raise
the health conditions of the rural health population
June 1957-RA 1891 an act strengthening
health and dental services in the rural areas and
providing funds thereof was approved ; created
eight categories of RHU’S corresponding to 8
population groups to be served
Era of the Republic of the Philippines (1946-
present )
1947 DOH was divided into 3 bureaus
(Hospital,Quarantine, Health)
May 18, 1954 RA 1082(RHU Act) was passed,
implemented in July of the same year, provided for
the employment of health personnel, including
nurses, who would man the RHUs and help raise
the health conditions of the rural health population
June 1957-RA 1891 an act strengthening
health and dental services in the rural areas and
providing funds thereof was approved ; created
eight categories of RHU’S corresponding to 8
population groups to be served
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
LESSON 5.B:
PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS
PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS
Magna Carta for the Public Health Worker
Republic Act 7305
Declaration of the Policy. The State shall instill
health consciousness among our people to
effectively carry out the health programs and
projects to the government essential for the
growth and health of the nation.
This Act aims:
● to promote and improve the social and
economic well-being of the health workers,
their living and working conditions and
terms of employment;
● to develop their skills and capabilities in
order that they will be more responsive
and better equipped to deliver health
projects and programs; and
● to encourage those with proper
qualifications and excellent abilities to join
and remain in government service.
Duties and Obligations. The public health
workers :
● discharge his/her duty humanely wit
conscience and dignity;
● perform his/her duty with utmost respect
for life; and race, gender, religion,
nationality, party policies, social standing
or capacity to pay.
Normal Hours of Work. The normal work of any
public health worker shall not exceed eight (8)
hours a day or forty (40) hours a week. Hours
worked shall include:
● all the time during which a public health
worker is required to be on active duty or
to be at a prescribed workplace; and
● all the time during which a public health
worker is suffered or permitted to work.
Provided, That the time when the public
health worker is place on "On Call" status
shall not be considered as hours worked
but shall entitled the public health worker
to an "On Call" pay equivalent to fifty
percent (50%) of his/her regular wage.
○ "On Call" status refers to a
condition when public health
workers are called upon to respond
to urgent or immediate need for
health/medical assistance or relief
work during emergencies such that
he/she cannot devote the time for
his/her own use.
● Overtime Work. Where the exigencies of
the service so require, any public health
worker may be required to render, service
beyond the normal eight (8) hours a day.
In such a case, the workers shall be paid
an additional compensation in accordance
with existing laws and prevailing practices.
https;//pcw.gov.ph/law/republic-act-7305
A. Sanitation Code
https://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/publicati
ons/code_on_sanitation_phils.pdf
Presidential Decree No. 856/Code on
Sanitation of the Philippines
● The health of the people, being of
paramount importance, all efforts of public
services should be directed towards the
protection and promotion of health; and
● With the advance in the field of sanitation
in recent years, there arises the need for
updating and codifying our scattered
sanitary laws to ensure that they are in
keeping with modern standards of
sanitation and provide a handy reference
and guide for their enforcement;
Functions of the Department of Health The
Department shall have the following powers and
functions:
A. Undertake the promotion and preservation
of the health of the people and raise the
health standards of individuals and
communities throughout the Philippines;
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
B. Extend maximum health services to the
people in rural areas and provide medical
care to those who cannot afford it by
reason of poverty;
C. Develop, administer and coordinate
various health activities and services
which shall include public health,
preventive, curative and rehabilitative
programs, medical care, health and
medical education services;
D. Upgrade the standards of medical
practice, the quality of health services and
programs to assure the people of better
health services;
E. Assist local health agencies in developing
public health programs including medical
care, and promote medical and public
health research;
F. Issue permits to establish and operate
government and private hospitals, clinics,
dispensaries, schools of nursing,
midwifery, and other para-medical course,
puericulture centers, clinical laboratories
and blood banks;
G. Prescribe standard rates of fees for health,
medical, laboratory, and other public
health services; and
H. Performs such other functions as may be
provided by law
B. Clean Air Act
Philippine Clean Air Act (RA 8749)
● provides for a comprehensive air pollution
control policy, as it outlines the
government’s measures to reduce air
pollution by including environmental
protection activities into its development
plans.
● It has adopted the “polluters pay principle”
and other market-based instruments to
promote self-regulation among the
population.
● Emission standards are set for all motor
vehicles and had issued pollutant
limitations among industries.
● The Department of Environment and
Natural Resources through its
Environmental Management Bureau
(DENR-EMB) is leading the strict
implementation of the Clean Air Act.
CLEAN AIR: ESSENTIAL TO HEALTHY
LIVING AND SUSTAINABLE Published:
22 January 2020
ENVIRONMENThttps://r6.denr.gov.ph/inde
x.php/news-events/press-releases/1311-c
ean-air-essential-to-healthy-living-andsust
ainable-environment
C. Generic Act
Generics Act of 1988. Republic Act No. 6675
● An Act to promote, require and ensure the
production of an Adequate supply,
distribution, use and acceptance of drugs
and medicines identified by their Generic
Names
Statement of Policy :
● To promote, encourage and require the
use of generic terminology in the
importation, manufacture, distribution,
marketing, advertising and promotion,
prescription and dispensing of drugs;
● To ensure the adequate supply of drugs
with generic names at the lowest possible
cost and endeavor to make them available
for free to indigent patients;
● To encourage the extensive use of drugs
with generic names through a rational
system of procurement and distribution;
● To emphasize the scientific basis for the
use of drugs, in order that health
professionals may become more aware
and cognizant of their therapeutic
effectiveness; and
● To promote drug safety by minimizing
duplication in medications and/or use of
drugs with potentially adverse drug
interactions.
https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1988/
ra_6675_1988.html
D. National Health Insurance Act
(PHILHEALTH )
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
[REPUBLIC ACT No. 7875] An act instituting a
National Health Insurance Program for all
Filipinos and establishing the Philippine Health
Insurance Corporation
Short Title – This Act shall be known as the
“National Health Insurance Act of 1995” , General
Objectives. – This Act seeks to:
A. provide all citizens of the Philippines with
the mechanism to gain financial access to
health services;
B. create the National Health Insurance
Program, hereinafter referred to as the
Program, to serve as the means to help
the people pay for health care services;
C. prioritize and accelerate the provision of
health services to all Filipinos, especially
that segment of the population who cannot
afford such services; and
D. establish the Philippine Health Insurance
Corporation, hereinafter referred to as the
Corporation, that will administer the
Program at central and local
levels.https://www.philhealth.gov.ph/about
_us/ra7875.pdf
This Act shall adopt the following guiding
principles:
A. Allocation of National Resources for
Health – The Program shall underscore
the importance for government to give
priority to health as a strategy for bringing
about faster economic development and
improving quality of life;
B. Universality – The Program shall provide
all citizens with the mechanism to gain
financial access to health services, in
combination with other government health
programs. The National Health Insurance
Program shall give the highest priority to
achieving coverage of the entire
population with at least a basic minimum
package of health insurance benefits;
C. Equity – The Program shall provide for
uniform basic benefits. Access to care
must be a function of a person’s health
needs rather than his ability to pay;
D. Responsiveness – The Program shall
adequately meet the needs for personal
health services at various stages of a
member’s life;
E. Social Solidarity – The Program shall be
guided by community spirit. It must
enhance risk sharing among income
groups, age groups, and persons of
differing health status, and residing in
different geographic areas;
F. Effectiveness – The Program shall
balance economical use of resources with
quality of care;
G. Innovation – The Program shall adapt to
changes in medical technology, health
service organizations, health care provider
payment systems, scopes of professional
practice, and other trends in the health
sector. It must be cognizant of the
appropriate roles and respective strengths
of the public and private sectors in health
care, including people’s organizations and
community-based health care
organizations;
H. Devolution – The Program shall be
implemented in consultation with local
government units (LGUs), subject to the
overall policy directions set by the National
Government;
I. Fiduciary Responsibility – The Program
shall provide effective stewardship, funds
management, and maintenance of
reserves;
J. Informed Choice – The Program shall
encourage members to choose from
among accredited health care providers.
The Corporation’s local offices shall
objectively appraise its members of the full
range of providers involved in the Program
and of the services and privileges to which
they are entitled as members. This
explanation, which the members may use
as a guide in selecting the appropriate and
most suitable provider, shall be given in
clear and simple Filipino and in the local
languages that is comprehensible to the
member;
K. Maximum Community Participation – The
Program shall build on existing community
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
initiatives for its organization and human
resource requirements;
L. Compulsory Coverage – All citizens of the
Philippines shall be required to enroll in
the National Health Insurance Program in
order to avoid adverse selection and
social inequity;
M. Cost Sharing – The Program shall
continuously evaluate its cost sharing
schedule to ensure that costs borne by the
members are fair and equitable and that
the charges by health care providers are
reasonable;
N. Professional Responsibility of Health Care
Providers – The Program shall assure that
all participating health care providers are
responsible and accountable in all their
dealings with the Corporation and its
members;
O. Public Health Services – The Government
shall be responsible for providing public
health services for all groups such as
women, children, indigenous people,
displaced communities and communities
in environmentally endangered areas,
while the Program shall focus on the
provision of personal health services.
Preventive and promotive public health
services are essential for reducing the
need and spending for personal health
services;
P. Quality of Services – The Program shall
promote the improvement in the quality of
health services provided through the
institutionalization of programs of quality
assurance at all levels of the health
service delivery system. The satisfaction
of the community, as well as individual
beneficiaries, shall be a determinant of the
quality of service delivery;
Q. Cost Containment – The Program shall
incorporate features of cost containment in
its design and operations and provide a
viable means of helping the people pay for
health care services; and
R. Care for the Indigent – The Government
shall be responsible for providing a basic
package of needed personal health
services to indigents through premium
subsidy, or through direct service provision
until such time that the Program is fully
implemented.
E. National Blood Services Act
National Blood Services Act of 1994
● Republic Act No. 7719 promotes
voluntary blood donation to provide
sufficient supply of safe blood and to
regulate blood banks.
● This act aims to inculcate public
awareness that blood donation is a
humanitarian act.
Declaration of Policy
● to promote and encourage voluntary blood
donation by the citizenry and to instill
public consciousness of the principle that
blood donation is a humanitarian act;
● to lay down the legal principle that the
provision of blood for transfusion is a
professional medical service and not a
sale of a commodity;
● to provide for adequate, safe, affordable
and equitable distribution of supply of
blood and blood products;
● to inform the public of the need for
voluntary blood donation to curb the
hazards caused by the commercial sale of
blood;
● to teach the benefits and rationale of
voluntary in the existing health subjects of
the formal education system in all public
and private schools in the elementary,
high school and college level as well as
non formal education system
F. Laws of Notifiable Disease
Mandatory Reporting of Notifiable Diseases and
Health Events of Public Health Concern Act
● REPUBLIC ACT No. 11332
● An Act Providing Policies and Prescribing
Procedures on Surveillance and
Response to Notifiable Diseases,
Epidemics, and Health Events of Public
Health Concern, and Appropriating Funds
Therefore, Repealing for the Purpose Act
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
No. 3573, Otherwise Known as the "Law
on Reporting of Communicable Diseases"
● aims to protect people from public health
threats through the efficient and effective
disease surveillance of diseases of public
health concern.
● recognizes the disease surveillance and
response systems of the DOH and its local
counterparts as the first line of defense
against epidemics or any events that may
pose a health threats to the public.
Declaration of Policy.
● It is hereby declared the policy of the
State to protect and promote the right to
health of the people and instill health
consciousness among them.
● It shall endeavor to protect the people
from public health threats through the
efficient and effective disease surveillance
of notifiable diseases including emerging
and re-emerging infectious diseases,
diseases for elimination and eradication,
epidemics, and health events including
chemical, radio-nuclear and environmental
agents of public health concern and
provide an effective response system in
compliance with the 2005 International
Health Regulations (IHR) of the World
Health Organization (WHO).
● The State recognizes epidemics and other
public health emergencies as threats to
public health and national security, which
can undermine the social, economic, and
political functions of the State.
● The State also recognizes disease
surveillance and response systems of the
Department of Health (DOH) and its local
counterparts, as the first line of defense to
epidemics and health events of public
health concern that pose risk to public
health and security
Notifiable disease - refers to a disease that, by
legal requirements, must be reported to the public
health authorities;
Objectives:
1. To continuously develop and upgrade the
list of nationally notifiable diseases and
health events of public health concern with
their corresponding case definitions and
laboratory confirmation;
2. To ensure the establishment and
maintenance of relevant, efficient and
effective disease surveillance and
response system at the national and local
levels;
3. To expand collaborations beyond
traditional public health partners to include
others who may be involved in the disease
surveillance and response, such as
agricultural agencies, veterinarians,
environmental agencies, law enforcement
entities, and transportation and
communication agencies, among others;
4. To provide accurate and timely health
information about notifiable diseases, and
health-related events and conditions to
citizens and health providers as an
integral part of response to public health
emergencies;
5. To establish effective mechanisms for
strong collaboration with national and local
government health agencies to ensure
proper procedures are in place to promptly
respond to reports of notifiable diseases
and health events of public health
concern, including case investigations,
treatment, and control and containment,
including follow-up activities;
6. To ensure that public health authorities
have the statutory and regulatory authority
to ensure the following:
a. Mandatory reporting of reportable
diseases and health events of
public health concern;
b. Epidemic/outbreaks and/or
epidemiologic investigation, case
investigations, patient interviews,
review of medical records, contact
tracing, specimen collection and
testing, risk assessments,
laboratory investigation, population
surveys, and environmental
investigation;
c. Quarantine and isolation;
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
d. Rapid containment and
implementation of measures for
disease prevention and control;
7. To provide sufficient funding to support
operations needed to establish and
maintain epidemiology and surveillance
units at the DOH, health facilities and local
government units (LGUs); efficiently and
effectively investigate outbreaks and
health events of public health concern;
validate, collect, analyze and disseminate
disease surveillance information to
relevant agencies or organizations; and
implement appropriate response;
8. To require public and private physicians,
allied medical personnel, professional
societies, hospitals, clinics, health
facilities, laboratories, pharmaceutical
companies, private companies and
institutions, workplaces, schools, prisons,
ports, airports, establishments,
communities, other government agencies,
and nongovernment organizations (NGOs)
to actively participate in disease
surveillance and response; and
9. To respect to the fullest extent possible,
the rights of people to liberty, bodily
integrity, and privacy while maintaining
and preserving public health and security.
Notifiable Diseases and Health Events of Public
Health Concern.
● The Epidemiology Bureau under the DOH
shall regularly update and issue a list of
nationally notifiable diseases and health
events of public health concern with their
corresponding case definitions.
● The selection and the deletion of diseases
and health events of public health concern
shall be based on criteria established by
the DOH.(Section 5).
Under this Act:
(a) The DOH and its local counterparts are
mandated to implement the mandatory reporting
of notifiable diseases and health events of public
health concern;
(b) The DOH and its local counterparts shall
establish and maintain functional disease
surveillance and response systems, which include
coordination mechanisms, implementation
protocols for reporting and response, measures
for data security and confidentiality, and
procedures and provision to ensure safety of
personnel conducting disease surveillance and
response activities;
(c) All public and private physicians, allied
medical personnel, professional societies,
hospitals, clinics, health facilities, laboratories,
institutions, workplaces, schools, prisons, ports,
airports, establishments, communities, other
government agencies, and NGOs are required to
accurately and immediately report notifiable
diseases and health events of public health
concern as issued by the DOH;
(d) Data collection, analysis, and the
dissemination of information from official disease
surveillance and response systems can only be
done by authorized personnel from the DOH and
its local counterparts and may only be used for
public health concern purposes only; thus, should
be exempted in the provision of Data Privacy Act
on accessibility of data;
(e) To perform their disease surveillance and
response functions, authorized health personnel
from the DOH and its local counterparts have the
statutory and regulatory authority to enforce the
following:
● Establishment of public health information
system disease surveillance and response
systems in private and public facilities
deemed necessary to protect the health of
the population in coordination with the
DOHEpidemiology Bureau;
● Mandatory reporting of notifiable diseases
and health events of public health
concern;
● Conduct of epidemic/outbreak and
epidemiologic investigations, case
investigations, patient interviews, review of
medical records, contact tracing,
collection, storage, transport and testing of
samples and specimen, risk assessments,
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
laboratory investigation, population
surveys, and environmental investigation;
● Rapid containment, quarantine and
isolation, disease prevention and control
measures, and product recall;
● Response activities for events of public
health concern;
● The DOH and its local counterparts shall
ensure that all surveillance and response
officers have adequate capacity for
mandatory reporting of notifiable diseases,
risk assessment, epidemiology, disease
surveillance, and response to epidemics
and health events of public health
concern. It shall also ensure that the
safety and protection of all personnel
directly involved in surveillance and
response activities are upheld; and
● All personnel of the DOH and its local
counterparts, and all other individuals or
entities involved in conducting disease
surveillance and response activities shall
respect, to the fullest extent possible, the
rights of people to liberty, bodily integrity,
and privacy while maintaining and
preserving public health and security.
G. Senior Citizen Laws
National Commission of Senior Citizens Act".
REPUBLIC ACT No. 11350 An Act Creating the
National Commission of Senior Citizens,
Providing for its Functions, Abolishing the
National Coordinating Council and Monitoring
Board, Amending for the Purpose Republic Act
No. 7432, as Amended, and Appropriating Funds
Declaration of Policy.
● It is the policy of the State to adopt
measures whereby our senior citizens are
assisted and appreciated by the
community as a whole, provide services
and activities beneficial to senior citizens,
their families and the communities they
serve, and establish community-based
health and rehabilitation, educational, and
socioeconomic programs for all senior
citizens.
● Consistent with this policy, the State shall
promote the advocacy of and collaboration
between different stakeholders and senior
citizens to ensure the effective
implementation of various programs and
services, particularly on the development
of senior citizens and advancing their
health, and well-being, and ensuring a
supportive and enabling environment for
the elderly.
Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010
● Republic Act No. 9994
● An act granting additional benefits and
privileges to senior citizens,further
amending RA no. 7432, as
amended,otherwise known as "AN ACT
TO MAXIMIZE THE CONTRIBUTION OF
SENIOR CITIZENS TO NATION
BUILDING, GRANT BENEFITS AND
SPECIAL PRIVILEGES AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES
H. Revised Dangerous Drugs Law
● REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9165 ( June 7,
2002)
● An act instituting the Comprehensive
Dangerous Drug Act 2002, repealing
Republic Act No. 6425, otherwise known
as the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972
Section 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known
and cited as the "Comprehensive Dangerous
Drugs Act of 2002".
Section 2. Declaration of Policy. – It is the policy
of the State to safeguard the integrity of its
territory and the well-being of its citizenry
particularly the youth, from the harmful effects of
dangerous drugs on their physical and mental
well-being, and to defend the same against acts
or omissions detrimental to their development and
preservation. In view of the foregoing, the State
needs to enhance further the efficacy of the law
against dangerous drugs, it being one of today's
more serious social ills.
Toward this end, the government shall pursue an
intensive and unrelenting campaign against the
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
trafficking and use of dangerous drugs and other
similar substances through an integrated system
of planning, implementation and enforcement of
anti-drug abuse policies, programs, and projects.
The government shall however aim to achieve a
balance in the national drug control program so
that people with legitimate medical needs are not
prevented from being treated with adequate
amounts of appropriate medications, which
include the use of dangerous drugs.
It is further declared the policy of the State to
provide effective mechanisms or measures to
re-integrate into society individuals who have
fallen victims to drug abuse or dangerous drug
dependence through sustainable programs of
treatment and rehabilitation.
https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2002/ra_916
5_2002.html
I. Act on Cheaper Medicine
Republic Act No. 9502 || An Act Providing for
Cheaper and Quality Medicines, Amending for the
Purpose Republic Act No. 8293 or The
Intellectual Property Code, Republic Act No. 6675
or the The Generics Act of 1988, and Republic
Act No. 5921 or The Pharmacy Law and for Other
Purposes
Section 1. Short Title - This Act shall be known
as the 'Universally Accessible Cheaper and
Quality Medicines Act of 2008"
Section 2. Declaration of Policy - It is the policy
of the State to protect public health and , when
the public interest or circumstances of extreme
urgency so require, it shall adopt appropriate
measures to promote and ensure access to
affordable quality drugs and medicines for all.
Pursuant to the attainment of this general policy,
an effective competition in the supply and
demand of quality affordable drugs and medicines
is recognized by the State as a primary
instrument. In the event that full competition is not
effective, the State recognizes as a reserve
instrument the regulation of prices of drugs and
medicines, with clear accountability by the
implementing authority as mandated in this Act,
as one of the means to also promote and ensure
access to quality affordable medicines.
J. Save the Children
Save the Children Philippines is a non-stock,
non-profit organization that is part of Save the
Children International, the world’s leading
independent organization for children with a
vision of a world where every child attains the
right to survival, development, protection and
participation. Its mission is to inspire
breakthroughs in the way the world treats children
and to achieve immediate and lasting change in
their lives.
Save the Children Philippines advocated the
passage of Republic Act 10821 or the
Children's Emergency Relief and Protection
Act that directs national and local government
agencies to implement and sustain
comprehensive emergency program to protect
children from disasters and emergencies.
The law prioritizes the protection of children,
pregnant and lactating mothers during disaster
and emergency situations. It also prevents the
prolonged use of schools as evacuation centers
to allow children to resume classes.
K. Violence Against Women
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9262
Short Title.- This Act shall be known as the
"Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children
Act of 2004." .
Declaration of Policy.- It is hereby declared that
the State values the dignity of women and
children and guarantees full respect for human
rights. The State also recognizes the need to
protect the family and its members particularly
women and children, from violence and threats to
their personal safety and security. Towards this
end, the State shall exert efforts to address
violence committed against women and children
in keeping with the fundamental freedoms
guaranteed under the Constitution and the
Provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, the convention on the Elimination of all
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
forms of discrimination Against Women,
Convention on the Rights of the Child and other
international human rights instruments of which
the Philippines is a party
https://pcw.gov.ph/law/republic-act-9262
Violence Against Women is any act of
gender-based violence that results or is likely to
result in physical, sexual or psychological harm or
suffering to women including threats or such
acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty
whether occurring in public or private life.
● Gender-based violence is any violence
inflicted on women because of their sex.
● VAW in the family or domestic violence is
“violence that occurs within the private
sphere, generally between individuals who
are related through intimacy, blood or law.”
Forms of violence
1. physical violence (hitting with the fist,
slapping, kicking different parts of the
body, stabbing with a knife, etc)
2. psychological and emotional violence
(intimidation, harassment, stalking,
damage to property, public ridicule or
humiliation, repeated verbal abuse, marital
infidelity, etc.)
3. sexual violence (rape, sexual
harassment, acts of lasciviousness,
treating a woman or child as a sex object,
making demeaning and sexually
suggestive remarks, physically attacking
the sexual parts of the victim’s body,
forcing him/her to watch obscene
publications and indecent shows or forcing
the woman or her child to do indecent acts
and/or make films thereof, forcing the wife
and mistress/lover to live in the conjugal
home or sleep together in the same room
with the abuser, etc)
4. economic abuse (withdrawal of financial
support or preventing the victim from
engaging in any legitimate profession,
occupation, business or activity,
deprivation or threat of deprivation of
financial resources and the right to use
and enjoyment of the conjugal, community
or property owned in common, destroying
household property; and controlling the
victim’s own money or properties or solely
controlling the conjugal money or
properties.
VAW in the community often takes one or more
of the following forms:
1. physical violence such as physical
chastisement, trafficking for both the sex
industry and the service industry forced
prostitution, battering by employers and
murder;
2. sexual violence such as rape, sexual
harassment and sexual intimidation,
3. psychological violence such as
intimidation, sanction or isolation by
community/cultural norms based on
attitudes of gender discrimination.
State Violence Against Women
1. political violence such as tolerance of
gender-based violence, trafficking,
domestic violence, sexual abuse, forced
pregnancy and forced sterilization,
2. custodial violence such as military and
police rape, torture, and suppression of
the political acts of the women’s
movement, abuse of women in refugee
and relocation camps and in prisons
3. institutional violence such as
enforcement of discriminatory laws and
regulations, policies and programs such
as abortion policies, reproduction policies
and matrilineal laws.
https://www.doh.gov.ph/
L. Disaster Risk Reduction Management
The National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan (NDRRMP) fulfills the
requirement of RA No. 10121 of 2010, which
provides the legal basis for policies, plans and
programs to deal with disasters.
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
The NDRRMP covers four thematic areas,
namely,
● Disaster Prevention and Mitigation;
● Disaster Preparedness;
● Disaster Response; and
● Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery,
which correspond to the structure of the
National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Council (NDRRMC).
● Office of Civil Defense- by law formulates
and implements the NDRRMP and
ensures that the physical framework,
social, economic and environmental plans
of communities, cities, municipalities and
provinces are consistent with such plan.
The NDRRMP is consistent with the National
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Framework (NDRRMF), which serves as “the
principal guide to disaster risk reduction and
management (DRRM) efforts to the country….”
The Framework envisions a country of “safer,
adaptive and disaster resilient Filipino
communities toward sustainable development.” It
conveys a paradigm shift from reactive to
proactive DRRM wherein men and women have
increased their awareness and understanding of
DRRM, with the end in view of increasing
people’s resilience and decreasing their
vulnerabilities.
http://www.ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/41/
NDRRM_Plan_2011- 2028.pdf
M. Rooming-in and Breastfeeding Act of 1992
(MILKCODE)
Republic Act 7600 An act which provides
incentives to all government and private health
institutions with rooming-in and breastfeeding
practices and for other purposes.
SECTION 1. Title. — This Act shall be known as
"The Rooming-In and Breastfeeding Act of
1992".
SECTION 2. Declaration of Policy. — The State
adopts rooming-in as a national policy to
encourage, protect and support the practice of
breast-feeding. It shall create an environment
where basic physical, emotional, and
psychological needs of mothers and infants are
fulfilled through the practice of rooming-in and
breastfeeding.
Breast-feeding has distinct advantages which
benefit the infant and the mother, including the
hospital and the country that adopt its practice. It
is the first preventive health measure that can be
given to the child at birth. It also enhances
mother-infant relationship. Furthermore, the
practice of breast-feeding could save the country
valuable foreign exchange that may otherwise be
used for milk importation.
Breastmilk is the best food since it contains
essential nutrients completely suitable for the
infant's needs. It is also nature's first
immunization, enabling the infant to fight potential
serious infection. It contains growth factors that
enhance the maturation of an infant's organ
systems.
https://www.pcw.gov.ph/law/republic-act-7600
N. Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive
Health Law 2012
Republic Act 10354 An act providing for a
National Policy on Responsible Parenthood and
Reproductive Health
SECTION 1. Title. – This Act shall be known as
“The Responsible Parenthood and
Reproductive Health Act of 2012″.
SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. – The State
recognizes and guarantees the human rights of
all persons including their right to equality and
nondiscrimination of these rights, the right to
sustainable human development, the right to
health which includes reproductive health, the
right to education and information, and the right to
choose and make decisions for themselves in
accordance with their religious convictions, ethics,
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
cultural beliefs, and the demands of responsible
parenthood.
Pursuant to the declaration of State policies under
Section 12, Article II of the 1987 Philippine
Constitution, it is the duty of the State to protect
and strengthen the family as a basic
autonomous social institution and equally
protect the life of the mother and the life of the
unborn from conception.
The State shall protect and promote the right to
health of women especially mothers in
particular and of the people in general and
instill health consciousness among them. The
family is the natural and fundamental unit of
society. The State shall likewise protect and
advance the right of families in particular and the
people in general to a balanced and healthful
environment in accord with the rhythm and
harmony of nature. The State also recognizes
and guarantees the promotion and equal
protection of the welfare and rights of children,
the youth, and the unborn.
Moreover, the State recognizes and guarantees
the promotion of gender equality, gender equity,
women empowerment and dignity as a health and
human rights concern and as a social
responsibility. The advancement and protection of
women’s human rights shall be central to the
efforts of the State to address reproductive health
care.
The State recognizes marriage as an inviolable
social institution and the foundation of the family
which in turn is the foundation of the nation.
Pursuant thereto, the State shall defend:
A. The right of spouses to found a family in
accordance with their religious convictions
and the demands of responsible
parenthood;
B. The right of children to assistance,
including proper care and nutrition, and
special protection from all forms of
neglect, abuse, cruelty, exploitation, and
other conditions prejudicial to their
development;
C. The right of the family to a family living
wage and income; and
D. The right of families or family associations
to participate in the planning and
implementation of policies and programs
The State likewise guarantees universal access
to medically-safe, non-abortifacient, effective,
legal, affordable, and quality reproductive health
care services, methods, devices, supplies which
do not prevent the implantation of a fertilized
ovum as determined by the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) and relevant information
and education thereon according to the priority
needs of women, children and other
underprivileged sectors, giving preferential
access to those identified through the National
Household Targeting System for Poverty
Reduction (NHTS-PR) and other government
measures of identifying marginalization, who shall
be voluntary beneficiaries of reproductive health
care, services and supplies for free.
The State shall eradicate discriminatory practices,
laws and policies that infringe on a person’s
exercise of reproductive health rights.
The State shall also promote openness to life;
Provided, That parents bring forth to the world
only those children whom they can raise in a truly
humane way.
SEC. 3. Guiding Principles for Implementation. –
This Act declares the following as guiding
principles:
(a) The right to make free and informed decisions,
which is central to the exercise of any right, shall
not be subjected to any form of coercion and
must be fully guaranteed by the State, like the
right itself;
(b) Respect for protection and fulfillment of
reproductive health and rights which seek to
promote the rights and welfare of every person
particularly couples, adult individuals, women and
adolescents;
(c) Since human resource is among the principal
assets of the country, effective and quality
reproductive health care services must be given
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
primacy to ensure maternal and child health, the
health of the unborn, safe delivery and birth of
healthy children, and sound replacement rate, in
line with the State’s duty to promote the right to
health, responsible parenthood, social justice and
full human development;
(d) The provision of ethical and medically safe,
legal, accessible, affordable, nonabortifacient,
effective and quality reproductive health care
services and supplies is essential in the
promotion of people’s right to health, especially
those of women, the poor, and the marginalized,
and shall be incorporated as a component of
basic health care;
(e) The State shall promote and provide
information and access, without bias, to all
methods of family planning, including effective
natural and modern methods which have been
proven medically safe, legal, non-abortifacient,
and effective in accordance with scientific and
evidence-based medical research standards such
as those registered and approved by the FDA for
the poor and marginalized as identified through
the NHTS-PR and other government measures of
identifying marginalization: Provided, That the
State shall also provide funding support to
promote modern natural methods of family
planning, especially the Billings Ovulation
Method, consistent with the needs of acceptors
and their religious convictions;
(f) The State shall promote programs that:
(1) enable individuals and couples to have
the number of children they desire with
due consideration to the health,
particularly of women, and the resources
available and affordable to them and in
accordance with existing laws, public
morals and their religious convictions:
Provided, That no one shall be deprived,
for economic reasons, of the rights to have
children;
(2) achieve equitable allocation and
utilization of resources;
(3) ensure effective partnership among
national government, local government
units (LGUs) and the private sector in the
design, implementation, coordination,
integration, monitoring and evaluation of
people-centered programs to enhance the
quality of life and environmental
protection;
(4) conduct studies to analyze
demographic trends including
demographic dividends from sound
population policies towards sustainable
human development in keeping with the
principles of gender equality, protection of
mothers and children, born and unborn
and the promotion and protection of
women’s reproductive rights and health;
and
(5) conduct scientific studies to determine
the safety and efficacy of alternative
medicines and methods for reproductive
health care development;
(g) The provision of reproductive health care,
information and supplies giving priority to poor
beneficiaries as identified through the NHTS-PR
and other government measures of identifying
marginalization must be the primary responsibility
of the national government consistent with its
obligation to respect, protect and promote the
right to health and the right to life;
(h) The State shall respect individuals’
preferences and choice of family planning
methods that are in accordance with their
religious convictions and cultural beliefs, taking
into consideration the State’s obligations under
various human rights instruments;
(i) Active participation by nongovernment
organizations (NGOs), women’s and people’s
organizations, civil society, faith-based
organizations, the religious sector and
communities is crucial to ensure that reproductive
health and population and development policies,
plans, and programs will address the priority
needs of women, the poor, and the marginalized;
(j) While this Act recognizes that abortion is illegal
and punishable by law, the government shall
ensure that all women needing care for
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
post-abortive complications and all other
complications arising from pregnancy, labor and
delivery and related issues shall be treated and
counseled in a humane, nonjudgmental and
compassionate manner in accordance with law
and medical ethics;
(k) Each family shall have the right to determine
its ideal family size: Provided, however, That the
State shall equip each parent with the necessary
information on all aspects of family life, including
reproductive health and responsible parenthood,
in order to make that determination;
(l) There shall be no demographic or population
targets and the mitigation, promotion and/or
stabilization of the population growth rate is
incidental to the advancement of reproductive
health;
(m) Gender equality and women empowerment
are central elements of reproductive health and
population and development;
(n) The resources of the country must be made to
serve the entire population, especially the poor,
and allocations thereof must be adequate and
effective: Provided, That the life of the unborn is
protected;
(o) Development is a multi-faceted process that
calls for the harmonization and integration of
policies, plans, programs and projects that seek
to uplift the quality of life of the people, more
particularly the poor, the needy and the
marginalized; and
(p) That a comprehensive reproductive health
program addresses the needs of people
throughout their life cycle.
https://pcw.gov.ph/law/republic-act-10354
O. Mandatory Infants and Children Health
Immunization Act of 2011
Republic Act No. 10152 has been signed. It is
otherwise known as the “Mandatory Infants and
Children Health Immunization Act of 2011,
which requires that all children under five years
old be given basic immunization against
vaccine-preventable diseases. Specifically, this
bill provides for all infants to be given the birth
dose of the Hepatitis-B vaccine within 24 hours of
birth.
https://www.doh.gov.ph/expanded-program-onim
munization#:~:
P. Children Safety on Motorcycles Act 2015
Republic Act 10666, or the the Children’s
Safety On Motorcycles Act of 2015
The Children's Safety On Motorcycles Act of 2015
10-Point Guidelines RA 1066 or the Children’s
Safety on Motorcycles Act of 2015
● prohibits any person from driving a
motorcycle on public roads with a child
on board.
● The law will take effect on May 19, 2017
(Friday).
● The law covers all public roads
nationwide such as but not limited to
national highways, provincial roads, and
municipal and barangay streets. This also
includes roads where there is a heavy
volume of vehicles, there is a high
density of fast moving vehicles, or where
a speed limit of more than 60 kph is
imposed.
● This covers any two-wheeled motor
vehicles having one or two riding saddles.
● A child refers to any person below 18
years old. However, a child may be
allowed to board a motorcycle on public
roads if: the child passenger can
comfortably reach his/her feet on the
standard foot peg of the motorcycle; the
child’s arms can reach around and grasp
the waist of the motorcycle rider; and the
child is wearing a standard protective
helmet or gear.
● Sitting in front of the rider is not allowed.
● The law does not apply to cases where
the child to be transported requires
immediate medical attention.
● the penalties for violators:
○ First Offense – P3,000 fine
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
○ Second Offense – P5,000 fine
○ Third Offense – P10,000 fine and a
one-month suspension of driver's
license
● Violation beyond the third time –
Automatic revocation of driver's
license
● The DOTr - Land Transportation Office
(LTO) is the lead implementing agency of
the Act. The LTO also has the authority to
deputize members of the PNP, MMDA,
and LGUs to carry out enforcement
functions and duties.
● Why is this law important? This is a
proactive and preventive approach to
secure the safety of child passengers. It is
the policy of the State to protect children.
https://www.carmudi.com.ph/journal/the-ch
ildrens-safety-onmotorcycles-act-of-2015-
10-things-you-need-to-know-and-more/
Q. Children’s Emergency Relief and Protection
Act of 2016
Republic Act No. 10821 of the Government of
the Philippines
● mandates the provision of emergency
relief and protection for children before,
during, and after disaster and other
emergency situations. It refers to
situations when children are gravely
threatened or endangerd by
circumstances that affect their survival and
normal development.
● The Act is guided by the principles of
survival and development, child
participation, and consistency with the
United Nations Convention on the Rights
of the Child, as well as the Children's
Charter for Disaster Risk Reduction, and
the minimum standards for children in
humanitarian action.
● This Act sets the State of the Philippines
responsible to establish and implement a
comprehensive strategic program of action
to provide children, pregnant and lactating
mothers affected by disaster and other
emergency situations with the utmost
support
● This Act sets the State of the Philippines
responsible to establish and implement a
comprehensive strategic program of action
to provide children, pregnant and lactating
mothers affected by disaster and other
emergency situations with the utmost
support and assistance necessary for their
immediate recovery and protection.
https://www.preventionweb.net/english/profession
al/policies/v.php?id= 49170#:
R. Child and Youth Welfare Code of the
Philippines ( Presidential Decree No. 603)
Declaration of Policy. - The Child is one of the
most important assets of the nation. Every effort
should be exerted to promote his welfare and
enhance his opportunities for a useful and happy
life.
The Code shall be known as the "Child and
Youth Welfare Code". It shall apply to persons
below twenty-one years of age except those
emancipated in accordance with law. "Child" or
"minor" or "youth" as used in this Code, shall refer
to such persons.
Rights of the Child. - All children shall be entitled
to the rights herein set forth without distinction as
to legitimacy or illegitimacy, sex, social status,
religion, political antecedents, and other factors.
1. Every child is endowed with the dignity
and worth of a human being from the
moment of his conception, as generally
accepted in medical parlance, and has,
therefore, the right to be born well.
2. Every child has the right to a wholesome
family life that will provide him with love,
care and understanding, guidance and
counseling, and moral and material
security. The dependent or abandoned
child shall be provided with the nearest
substitute for a home.
3. Every child has the right to a well-rounded
development of his personality to the end
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
that he may become a happy, useful and
active member of society. The gifted child
shall be given opportunity and
encouragement to develop his special
talents. The emotionally disturbed or
socially maladjusted child shall be treated
with sympathy and understanding, and
shall be entitled to treatment and
competent care. The physically or
mentally handicapped child shall be given
the treatment, education and care
required by his particular condition.
4. Every child has the right to a balanced
diet, adequate clothing, sufficient shelter,
proper medical attention, and all the basic
physical requirements of a healthy and
vigorous life.
5. Every child has the right to be brought up
in an atmosphere of morality and rectitude
for the enrichment and the strengthening
of his character.
6. Every child has the right to an education
commensurate with his abilities and to the
development of his skills for the
improvement of his capacity for service to
himself and to his fellowmen.
7. Every child has the right to full
opportunities for safe and wholesome
recreation and activities, individual as well
as social, for the wholesome use of his
leisure hours.
8. Every child has the right to protection
against exploitation, improper influences,
hazards, and other conditions or
circumstances prejudicial to his physical,
mental, emotional, social and moral
development.
9. Every child has the right to live in a
community and a society that can offer
him an environment free from pernicious
influences and conducive to the promotion
of his health and the cultivation of his
desirable traits and attributes.
10. Every child has the right to the care,
assistance, and protection of the State,
particularly when his parents or guardians
fail or are unable to provide him with his
fundamental needs for growth,
development, and improvement.
11. Every child has the right to an efficient and
honest government that will deepen his
faith in democracy and inspire him with the
morality of the constituted authorities both
in their public and private lives.
12. Every child has the right to grow up as a
free individual, in an atmosphere of peace,
understanding, tolerance, and universal
brotherhood, and with the determination to
contribute his
https://www.pcw.gov.ph/law/presidential-d
ecree-no-603#:~:text=
S. Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003 (RA9211)
also known as the Tobacco Regulation Act of
2003, is an omnibus law regulating smoking in
public places, tobacco advertising, promotion and
sponsorship, and sales restrictions, among other
requirements
https://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/policies_
and_laws/RA09211.pdf
LESSON 5.C:
UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE (UHC)
Universal Health Care (UHC), referred to as
Kalusugan Pangkalahatan (KP), is the “provision
to every Filipino of the highest possible quality of
health care that is accessible, efficient, equitably
distributed, adequately funded, fairly financed,
and appropriately used by an informed and
empowered public”.
1. Legal Basis
RA 11223 Universal Health Care Act - an act
instituting universal health care for all Filipinos ,
prescribing reforms in the health care system,
and appropriating funds there for .This gives
citizens access to the full continuum of health
services they need, while protecting them from
enduring financial hardship as a result.
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/downloads/201
9/02feb/20190220-RA-11223- RRD.pdf
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES
2. Background and Rationale
Health-related public policies and laws have
provided the impetus for comprehensive reform
strategies identified in the Health Sector Reform
Agenda (HSRA) launched in 1999 and its
implementation framework, the FOURmula One
(F1) for Health in 2005. Since then, substantial
gains in health sector improvements have been
achieved in the areas of social health insurance
coverage and benefits, execution of Department
of Health (DOH) budgets and its use to leverage
local govemment unit (LGU) performance, LGU
spending in health, systematic health investment
planning through the Province-wide Investment
Plan for Health (PIPHy Citywide Investment Plan
for Health (CIPHy Annual Operational Plan (AOP)
process, capacities of government health
facilities, and the implementation and monitoring
of public health programs. However, poor Filipino
families have yet to experience equity and access
to critical health services, despite all of these
achievements. DOH and PhilHealth recently
conducted a joint Benefit Delivery Review
highlighting the need to increase enrollment
coverage, improve availment of benefits and
increase support value for claims in order for the
National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) to
provide Filipinos substantial financial risk
protection. More importantly, benefit delivery for
the sponsored program (poorest quintile) was
found to be lowest among our people. To date,
only 53 percent of the entire population is covered
by the program, with 42 percent availment rate,
and 34 percent support value or a total benefit
delivery ratio of 8 percent. Public hospitals and
health facilities have also suffered neglect due to
the inadequacy of health budgets in terms of
support for upgrading to expand capacity and
improve quality of services. As of October 2010,
eight hundred ninety two (892) rural health units
(RHUs) and ninety nine (99) government
hospitals have yet to qualify for accreditation by
PhilHealth. Data have also shown that the
poorest of the population are the main users of
government health facilities. This means that the
deterioration and poor quality of many
government health facilities is particularly
disadvantageous to the poor who needs the
services the most. Moreover, weaknesses in
management and compensation of human
resources for health have not been adequately
addressed and inadequacies in health information
systems to guide planning and implementation of
health programs also need urgent attention.
Lastly, while the Philippines is on target for most
of its Millennium Development Goals (MDG), it is
lagging behind in reducing maternal and infant
mortality. These two indicators are still at 162 per
100,000 live births and 25 per 1,000 live births
respectively (2005 FPS and 2008 NDHS), with
2015 MDG targets at 52 and 19, respectively.
There is also wide difference in outcomes and
program performance in these priority public
health programs across geographic areas and
income groups that particularly affect the poor. To
address these challenges, the Aquino Health
Agenda (AHA) is being launched to improve,
streamline and scale up reform interventions
espoused in the HSRA and implemented under
Fl. This deliberate focus on the poor will ensure
that as the implementation of health reforms
moves forward, nobody are left behind. To
successfully implement the Aquino Health
Agenda, the Philippine health system will require
the following components: enlightened leadership
and good governance practices; accurate and
timely information and feedback on performance;
financing that lessens the impact of expenditures
especially among the poorest and the
marginalized sector; competent workforce;
accessible and effective medical products and
technologies; and appropriately delivered
essential services. This Order provides the
objectives, strategic thrusts, and implementation
framework to implement the Universal Health
Care
(UHC)https://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/ba
sic-page/aquino-healthagenda-universal-health-c
are.pdf
1. Objectives and Thrusts
● It is a government mandate aiming to
ensure that every Filipino shall receive
affordable and quality health benefits.This
involves providing adequate resources –
health human resources, health facilities,
and health financing.
NCM 204 CHN-LEC FINALS
BSN-2Q TRANSES

UHC’s Three Thrusts

To attain UHC, three strategic thrusts are to be

pursued, namely:

1. Financial risk protection through

expansion in enrollment and benefit
delivery of the National Health Insurance
Program (NHIP);
2. Improved access to quality hospitals and
health care facilities; and
3. Attainment of health-related Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs).

LESSON 5.D: DOH FUNCTIONS

(refer to file on quipper)