Matrix Algebra

Course Teacher:
Dr. Md. Azizur Rahman
Assistant Professor
Mathematics Discipline
Khulna University, Khulna
mdazizur@math.ku.ac.bd
Definition
Types of Matrices
Types of Matrices
Matrices Operations
Matrices Operations
Matrices Operations
Matrices Operations
Process of Finding Inverse Matrix
 Process of Finding Inverse Matrix

CO-FACTORS OF A MATRIX
 3 4 7 
 
Problem: If a=  2 5 6  ; find the co-factors of the element of 6 and - 9.

 7 3  9
 3 4
Solution : The co-factor of 6 i.e.A23 =(-1)2+3   = -1(9 – 28 )=19
7 3
 3 4
and the cofactor of -9 i.e. A33 = (-1)3+3   = 15 +8 = 23
  2 5 
 Process of Finding Inverse Matrix
1 1 1 
 
Problem: Compute the inverse of the matrix A =  1 2  3
 2 1 3 
 

So the matrix A is non-singular and hence A-1 exists.

 Process of Finding Inverse Matrix

 3  4  5
 
 9 1 4 
 3  9  5 t  3  4  5  5 3
     1 
Adj A =   4 1 3  =   9 1 4  Thus, A-1 =
5 4 -11
 1   5 3
 1 
 Worked out Examples
Example- :Using matrix solve the following system of equations
5x – 6y + 4z = 15
7x + 4y – 3z = 19
2x + y + 6z = 46
Worked out Examples
Worked out Examples
 Application of Matrix

A, B and C has $ 480 , $ 760 and $ 710

respectively. They utilized the amounts to purchase
three types of shares of prices x, y and z
respectively. A purchases 2 shares of price x, 5
shares of price y and 3 shares of price z. B
purchases 4 shares of price x, 3 shares of price y
and 6 shares of price z. C purchases 1 shares of
price x, 4 shares of price y and 10 shares of price z.
Find the value of x, y and z with the help of matrix.
 Application of Matrix

Solution: We obtain the following

system of linear equations
2x +5y + 3z = 480
4x +3y + 6z = 790
X + 4y+ 10z = 710
 Application of Matrix

Interest at the rates 0.06, 0.07 and 0.08 is

earned on the investments of $3,000,
$2,000 and $4,000.
Express the total amount of interest earned
as the product of a row vector by a column
vector.
Compute the total interest by matrix
multiplication.

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 Application of Matrix

Solution:
The row vector taking the interests is I=(0.06 0.07 0.08)

 3, 000 

The column vector taking the investment is P  2, 000

 
 4, 000 
 
 3,000 

The total interest is I  P   0.06 0.07 0.08 2,000

 
 4,000 
 
 0.06  3 ,000  0.07  2 ,000  0.08  4 ,000
 180 140  320
 640 19
 Application of Matrix

Two canned meat spreads, Regular and Superior, are made by grinding beef,
pork and lamb together. The numbers of pounds of each meat in a 15 pound
batch of each brand are as follows:

Required meat in pound

Brand
Beef Pork Lamb
Superior 8 2 5
Regular 4 8 3
Suppose we wish to make 10 batches of Superior and 20 batches of Regular. Then
a. Multiply the meat matrix in the table and the batch vector and interpret the result.
b. Suppose that the per pound prices of beef, pork and lamb are $2.50, $2.00 and
$3.00, respectively. Multiply the price vector and the meat matrix and interpret the
result.
c. Multiply the batch vector and the product result of question (b) and interpret the
result.
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 Application of Matrix
 8 2 5
The meat matrix is M  
 4 8 3

The batch vector is B=(10 20)

The product of batch vector and meat matrix
 8 2 5
BM  10 20 
 4 8 3 
 10  8  20  4 10  2  20  8 10  5  20  3 
 160 180 110 
Interpretation: If we want to make 10 batches of
Superior and 20 batches of Regular meat spread we will
need 160 pounds of beef, 180 pounds of pork and 110
pounds of lamb.
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 Application of Matrix
 2.50 
 
The price vector is P   2.00 
 3.00 
 
The product of the meat matrix and the price vector is
 2.50 
 8 2 5  
MP    2.00 
 4 8 3 
 3.00 
8  2.5  2  2.0  5  3.0    20  4 15   39 
 
 4  2 .5  8  2.0  3  3.0  10 16  9  35 

Interpretation: If 1 batches of both Superior and Regular

meat spread is made then the cost would be $39 for
Superior and $35 for Regular meat spread.
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 Application of Matrix
The product of the batch vector B and MP is
39 
BMP  10 20 
35 
 10  39  20  35 
 390  700 
 1090 

Interpretation: If we make 10 batches of Superior and 20

batches of Regular meat spread the total cost will be
$1090.
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 Home Work

Book Bowen
Page 109 Problems 15-18
Page 109 Problems 23-24
And Similar problem from any book
Book: V . Kapoor
Problems: 100 to 103 and 106
Page : ACE- 119 to 127

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Thank You for Your Attention!!