Annexure - A

Gyaspur Earth Resistivity Test

Electode
ERT-1 ERT-2 ERT-3 Avg
Spacing
0.5 30.03 46.52 37.38 37.98
1 38.42 59.2 41.31 46.31
1.5 38.87 53.8 41.04 44.57
2 41.72 54.74 39.40 45.29
2.5 40.06 50.24 35.03 41.78
3 39.87 56.69 37.51 44.69
3.5 38.04 69.82 34.42 47.43
4 36.44 78.92 35.81 50.39
Avg of avg 44.80
Max of avg 50.39
Note:-
1. The following values of resitivity have been obtained by Resitivity Test condcuted on Gyaspur Depot Site site on 24 Jan-19
2. The Average Resistivity was calculated using Polar Curve wherever measurement was possible in all 8 directions
3.Mean Resitivity was used in all the other cases

4. For purpose of Earth Mat Design Calculation , the Average of Average Resistivity till electrode spacing of 4 m was considered, for all the three ERT locations
 Annexure - A

STI19/01/13574

GSPD, MEGA/EP-1.

Technical Report
For

Electrical Resistivity Test

At
Gaspur Depot, RSS.

BY:

Prof (Dr) K.C. THAKER

B.E.(Civil): M.Tech (S.M.); (!.I.T, Bombay)
Ph.D. (I.I.T., Bombay); F.I.E.(lndia); F.I.G.S.

Dr. K.K. THAKER

Ph.D. (Geotech); M.E (Geotech); M.B.A (Finance)
M.I.E (India); M.I.G.S; M.G.I.C.E.A

K.C.T. Consultancy Services®

NABL Accredited Laboratory (ISO fIEC: 17025);

ISO: 9001, 2008

(State and Central Government Approved Laboratory)

KCT House, Sayona Silver Estate-Part 2,

Behind Silver Oak College of Engineering,
Gota, Ahmedabad 382481
Phone :- 7096034034 1 350351 36036, 98250 64378
e-mail: kctconser@Yahoo.com

January - 2019
 Annexure - A

ST/19101/13574

INDEX

Sr. No. Contents Page

1. Introduction 3
2 Field Investigation 3
3. Conclusions 4
4. Results of Electrical resistivity Test 1 to 3 5 to 10

Page No.2
 Annexure - A

STI19/01/13574

Electrical Resistivity Test at Proposed Electrical resistivity test at

Gaspur Depot, RSS.

1.0 Introduction
The report is presented herewith analyses based on thorough study of the Electrical
Resistivity Tests results. Electrical Resistivity Tests were undertaken by us to obtain the
mean resistivity of soil at different depths at a Gaspur Depot RSS.

For design of earthing system, it is necessary to determine the earth Resistance at site.
Following scope of work was decided,
1. No. of Electrical Resistivity Tests - 3
2. Interpretation of results and analysis.
3. Recommendations

Based on. the above points the detailed Geotechnical Investigation Program included the
following:
(A) Field Investigation
Conducting Electrical Resistivity Tests by four electrodes Wenner's configuration method in
N-S and E-W directions.

(B) Recommendations
Based on above investigations, the results are to be obtained. The findings would be based
on interpretation of Results, Analysis and computations as per relevant Indian standards.

2.0 Field Investigation

2.1 Electrical Resistivity Test
Geophysical Survey in all geophysical surveys, Electrical Resistivity method is best and
reliable to know geological formation of the the area. All geological formations possess
properties called electrical resistivity when the current flows through them.
Resistivity thus is defined as the resistance offered by a unit cube of material to direct
current flowing through it in a direction perpendicular to two of its opposite faces. The
numerical value of the resistivity is expressed in ohm.m in general. Thus the electrical
resistivity is principally based on the study of resistance offered by the sub-surface
formation to the flow of current.
The study in turns helps in evaluation of the characteristic of the sub surface layers in
terms of electrical resistivity. Vertical electrical, soundings (VES) have been conducted by
using resistivity meter of I GIS make direct current in deployed during survey as per IS :
3043. Two metal stakes called current electrodes into the sub surface transmit the current
and the potential response is observed by means two copper electrodes called potential
electrodes.

Page No.3
 Annexure - A

ST/19/01/13574

Apparent resistivity is calculated from the equation:­

=
p 2TTSR
K = 2TTS = Geometric factor for electrode spacing (Wenner's configuration)
R = Resistance in Ohms
S =Spacing between adjacent electrodes in (m)
p = Resistivity in ohm.m.

3.0 Conclusion
1. Electrical resistivity tests by Wenner's Method were carried out at the location given by
officials of GSPD, MEGA.
2. Mean Electrical Resistivity is given in results.
3. The comments given in this report and the opinion expressed are based on the ground
conditions encountered during site work and on the results of tests made in field. There
may however, special conditions prevailing at the site which have not been disclosed
by the investigation and which have not been taken in to account in the report.

DroKoV-:

Page No.4
 Annexure - A

ST/19!01/13574

KCT Consultancy =_...__ ~.

RESULTS OF ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TEST
( IS , 3043, 1987 )

ERT No. : 1, (Near LM) Date: 24-01-2019

Name of Project· MEGA! EP-1 Location: Gaspur Depot-RSS
Battery Condition: Good
Climatic Condition: Hot and Dry

=
Resistivity at given depth p 2 " S R
Where,
=
p Resistivity in ohm - m ( 0 m ) R =V /1 in ohm ( 0 )

"=
Value of pi - 22/ 7 V =Voltage Drop between inner electrodes in Volt

=
S Electrode Spacing ( equal to the depth at which resistivity is determined) in m / = Current applied in outer electrodes in Amp.

~nllof Direction Average Resistivity

Electrode in N-S E-W NE·SW SE-NW (O-m)
(m) Direct Reverse Direct Reverse Direct Reverse -;:;:-:-: Direct Reverse
Resistence Resistivity p Resistence Resistivity p Resistence Resistivity p Resistence Resistivity P' Reslstence Resistivity p Resistence Resistivity p Resistence Resistivity p Reslstence Resistivity p
Observed in InOm Observed in inOm Observed in In Om Observed in inOm Observed in in Om Observed in InOm Observed in inOm Observed In inOm
n n n n n n n n
0.5 10.5 33.0 10.5 33.0 8.5 26.8 8.5 26.6 11.5 36.0 11.5 36.1 9.9 31.1 9.9 30.9 30.03
1 7.0 43.7 7.0 43.7 5.5 34.6 5.5 34.2 6.9 43.4 6.9 43.0 6.5 40.8 6.5 40.7 38.42
1.5 4.8 45.0 4.8 45.2 4.5 42.4 4.5 41.9 4.3 40.5 4.3 40.2 3.9 36.8 3.9 36.3 38.87
2 3.3 41.6 3.3 41.8 41.72
2.5 2.5 39.9 2.6 40.2 40.06
3 2.1 40.1 2.1 39.6 39.87
3.5 1.7 38.3 1.7 37.8 38.04
4 1.5 36.7 1.4 36.2 36.44
4.5 1.3 36.2 1.3 35.3 35.77
5 1.1 35.5 1.1 34.9 35.19
5.5 1.0 33.5 1.0 32.8 33.18
6 0.6 21.5 0.6 20.7 21.11
f:-:-. 6.5

Note: Average resistivity is calculated as per clause 36.6 of IS : 3043.As observations could not be taken in 8 directions due to site constraints, average resistivity was calculated by arithmetic mean in those cases.

Average Reistivity VIS. Depth Average Resistivity in n -m

0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
1

2 ~ ..... ,........ . .........•

E 3
.£
.r:;
Q. 4
<Il

Cl
r
5
i ~
6 .. . ............. ..........

:~
I"! ;~ 7
I
-,.:'

(~ ~:-"\{:1\
\L\\
"'~.,:
 Annexure - A

ST/19/01/13574

KCT Consultancy Services, Ahmedabad

POLAR DIAGRAMS OF ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TEST RESULTS
( IS : 3043,1987)
ERT No.; 1, (Near LM)
_ Name of "roject: MEGA I ~P-1
Depth 0.5 m Depth 1 m Depth 1.5 m Depth 2 m Depth2.5m

s s s s

Depth 3 m Depth 3.5 m _Depth4m Depth 4.5 m Depth5m

N N
4°:0.9...,......

w~l~~ii'
'0.

NW~""" ·····,NE

s s
E

w!~<~~~i;2t S s s

Depth 5.5 m Depth 6m

Depth of resistivity in m 0.5 ~

AfeaoftiiePoiardiagram---.----------.----~-283-3.37 ~ 4636.84
--­ 4745.36
Radius of the circle having same area as polar diagram .. _~3~O.~3 38.42'. ____ -:--=3-:-8:::.8~7.L-~-==----';_:;_._;_;_-_;_;!:o__;_:;::__-_'_::_::_:;__;;_;:;.- ~'_=~---'---_ _-'-_ _- ­
ity at a given depth shall be equal to the radius of equivalent area circle having same area as that of polar diagram
.'d not be taken in 8 directions due to site constraints and therefore full polar diagrams are ~H.~~f~or:..:a:::l!:.:th::a:::t:.:d:::e:!:.Pt::.:h=-s.::a::..:n.::.d.:.;n.::.ot:...:t=-abu='a:::t=_ed=a.::.bo::.:v:.:::e:;..._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
 Annexure - A

STI19/01/13574

KCTConsultancy Services, Ahmedabad

RESULTS OF ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TEST

( IS : 3043, 1987 )

ERT No. : 2, (Near Bus Coupler Area) Date: 24-01-2019

Name of Project: GSPD, MEGA I EP-1 Location. Gaspur Depot-RSS

Battery Condition: Good

Climatic Condition: Hot and Dry

Resistivity at given depth p 2 11 S R=

Where,

p = Resistivity. in ohm - m ( n m ) R = V II in ohm ( n )

11= Value of PI - 221 7 =

V Voltage Drop between inner electrodes in Volt

S = Electrode Spacing ( equal to the depth at which resistivity is determined) in m =

I Current applied in outer electrodes in Amp.

Spacing of I - - Direction I Average Resistivity

Electrode In N- S E• W N E- S W S E- NW -----1 I n _m )
(m) Direct I Reverse DI~lct Reverse . . Direct Reverse Direct Rev~... I

Resistenc.e Resistivity I.Resistence Resistivity Resistenc~ "''''I~''V1'Y: Resistence Resistivity Resistenc~ Resistivity Resistenc.e Resistivity Resistence Resistivity Resistence ResistivitYI

Observed In pin n m IObserved In pin n m Observed In pin n m iObserved In pin n m Observed In pin n m Observed In pin n m Observed in pin n m Observed In pin n~; I

>-.~_--IL-.~n~-I
-0.5 13.1 41.0 J
Inn
13.0 40.9 17.1 53.7
n
17.1 53.6 18.2
n
57.2
n
18.2 57.0
n
14.2 44.6
n
14.2 44.5
I 46.52
1 8.9 56.0 I 8.9 56.2 8.5 53.4: 8.5 53.1 11.2 70.4 11.2 70.2 11.5 72.3 11.5 71.9 I 59.20

~:5 __1--5.9 55.6 i 5.9 55.6 f---.5.3 50.2 5.3----r--50;'~ 6.7 62.7·' 6.6 62.2 6.3 59.4 6.3 59.1 I 53.80

1-. 2 4.3 53.4 I 4.3 53.4 4.2 52.8 4.2 52.5,5.2 65.7 5.2 65.3 4.8 60.3 4.8 59.7 I 54.74

2.5 3.6 57.0! 3.6 56.5 3.5 55.0 3.5 54.2 i 3.5 54.2 3.4 53.4 3.0 47.1 3.0 46.7 I 50.24
3 3.3 61.3 I 3.2 60.9 2.8 Ji~,8 2.8 51.8 56.69
1---3'.'15 __ 3.2 70.4! 3.2 -69.3 69.82

-4-- 3.2 79.2 I 3.1 78.7 78.92

4.5 2.7 75.8 I 2.7 74.9 75.35

52.1 65.3 I 2.1 64.4 i 64.87

1---5 "::'.:""5-- 1.3 44.9 I 1.3 '43.2 i 44.06

I
I-·-----+·-----~-----+-l-----+------ ----'--+-------~:------+----~----.-+"" ' ...--­
Note : Average resistivity is calculated as per clause 36.6 of IS : 3043.As vu'""" '''"M '" could not be taken 'in 8 directions due to site constraints, average resistivity was calculated by arithmetic mean in those cases.
Average Reistivity VIS. Depth Aver~e Resistivity in Q - m

....
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 . 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00
1
15
: I I ____ .L." i

.2 I: I~J-
".
+
.
E 2.5 ! i_____ .
.5 3 i f : .
r----T
~ 3.51'··· i ' '"~ • I 1~

c 4
4.5
!
~
---'
. . . ..-"",.~······"'·····:·-·····"·"························1
5 1'................ .............. ;............ . .......... , • ................ :

5.5 F · , · · · · · · · · · · ...... f- •

~":~ ~ 6
S-::!v\r~

~ *e~'\'%F\
~J >1 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ~

C;- ,~ Page No.7

 Annexure - A

ST/19/01/13574

F KCT Consultancy Services, Ahmedabad

POLAR DIAGRAMS OF ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TEST RESULTS
( IS: 3043, 1987)
ERT No. : 2. (Near Bus Coupler Area)
~ame of Project: GSPD. MEGA I EP-1
Depth 0.5 m Depth 1 m Depth 1.5 m Depth 2 m Depth2.5m

s s s s s

Depth 3 m Depth 3.5 m Depth 4 m Depth 4.5 m DepthS m

N N N
ao.09/.~,

·~~;tj"
""",NE

s s s s s

Depth 5.5 m

0.5!
6797J,!S!
Q!:ltiir II:: nf thp rirf"':IQ havino AAmA area as roar diaaram 46,52'
d'lC~ ge R,oj"",,, ;i ;~;;,; ..".;; ;... ,n"",," "",;'s ,rune "" "
11 b, ",,"10 th, rnd;" " "","",,,' thot of po", "_m" C."" ,as IS, '''').
thot Ie'reI. (Rot. of
r'~[~,!,',.. ations could not be taken in 8 directions due to site constraints and therefore full polar diagrams are not plotted for all that depths and not tabulated above:
,PI- !I.7,J », Page No.8
..""~-'
1\\~\ fn,
\~~ : '- W
;.~~;~

~2/1ld3S
~
(") ~.J
 Annexure - A

8T/19/01/13574

KCT Consultancy Services, Ahmedabad

RESULTS OF ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TEST
(IS: 3043,1987 )

ERT No. : 3, (Both Tower Center LM) Date : 24-01-2019

Name of Project: MEGA / EP-1 Location: Gaspur Depot-RSS

Battery Condition: Good

Climatic Condition: Hot and Dry

Resistivity at given depth p = 2 1t S R

Where,
p = Resistivity in ohm - m ( Q m ) R = V /I in ohm ( Q )
1t =
Value of pi - 22 17 V =Voltage Drop between inner electrodes in Volt
=
S Electrode Spacing ( equal to the depth at which resistivity is determined) in m I = Current applied in outer electrodes in Amp.
. Spacing of ,-~~ Direction Average Resistivity
Electrode in N-S E-W NE-SW SE·NW (Q·m)
(m) Direct Reverse Direct Reverse Direct Reverse Direct Reverse
Resistence ResistiVITY P Resistence Resistivity p Reslstence ResistivITy p Resistence Resistivity p Resistence Resistivity p Resistence ResistivITy p Resistence ResistivITy p Resistence ResistivITy p
Observed In InOm Observed in InOm Observed In inOm Observed In InOm Observed in inOm Observed in inOm Observed in inOm Observed in inQm
0 0 n Q 0 0 0 0
0.5 14.6 45.9 14.6 45.7 9.9 31.2 9.9 30.9 14.2 44.6 14.2 44.5 11.6 36.3 11.5 36.2 37.38
1 6.6 41.6 6.6 41.3 7.4 46.6 7.4 46.4 7.7 48.1 7.6 47.9 6.1 38.3 6.1 38.1 41.31
1.5 4.5 41.9 4.4 41.8 4.6 43.1 4.5 42.6 4.1 38.7 4.1 38.2 41.04
2 3.2 39.6 3.1 39.2 39.40
2.5 2.2 35.2 2.2 34.9 35.03
,--}~ 2.0 37.9 2.0 37.1 37.51
3.5 1.6 34.7 1.6 34.1 34.42
4 1.4 36.2 1.4 35.4 35.81
4.5 1.3 36.8 1.3 36.5 36.62
5 1.3 41.S 1.3 41.2 41.47
5.5 1.5 50.1 1.5 51.1 50.63
6 1.5 57.3 1.5 56.5 56.93
6.5 1.6 65.3 1.6 65.3 65.35
Note: Average resistivity is calculated as per clause 36.6 of IS : 3043.As observations could not be taken in 8 directions due to Site constraints, average resistivity was calculated by arithmetic mean in those cases.

Average Reistivity VIS. Depth Average Resistivity in Q - m

0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00
1
:
2 ' . ~""

E 3
.5
..c: 4
15.
Q)
Cl I
-+----­
5

6 =~
,
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~,

7 :

-.
.~~

~.*
'~\ :>"'~.(/;'\

~O)~
fI~' ~\1
.r' t:g ~
Page NO.9
~" ':c.,

'>---v!A " ~.Sd'

~
 Annexure - A

STf19f01f13574

~
! KCT Consultancy Services, Ahmedabad
POLAR DIAGRAMS OF ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TEST RESULTS
( IS: 3043, 1987)
ERT No. : 3, (Both Tower Center LM)
Name of Project: MEGA I =EP:.....-..:.1_ __
- Depth 0.5 m Depth 1 m Depth 1,5 m Depth 2 m Depth 2.5 m
N
N

i(ifi a

sa
s s s s s

Depth 3 m Depth 3.5 m Depth 4 m Depth 4.5 m Depth 5 m

N N

s s s
--·r-'·
S
W~!L/~~' S

Depth 5.5 m Depth 6 m Depth 6,5 m

Depth of resistivity in m 0.5:

Area of the polar diagram 4389.88; 5361.24
Radius of the circle having same area as polar diagram __ 1 37.38: 41. 31 1 I I I _ _ _ __
Resistivity at a given depth shall be equal to the radius of equivalent area circle having same area as that of polar diagram at that level. (Ref: Clause 36,6 of IS: 3043),
lions could not be taken in 8 directions due to site constraints and therefore full polar diagrams are not platted for all that depths andnClt tabulated aba,-'-v""e,'--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-'
Page No.10