Department of Mechanical/Civil Engineering

Model Set For University Examination

ME/CE-204 B.Tech. (2nd Year) FM(Fluid Mechanics)

1. Differentiate between the following.

(i) Real fluid and Ideal fluid
(ii) Mass density and specific weight
(iii) Kinematic viscosity and Dynamic viscosity
(iv) Compressibility and Elasticity
(v) Absolute pressure and Gauge pressure
2. Explain the following.
(i) Steady flow and Unsteady flow
(ii)Viscous flow and Turbulent flow
(iii) Streamline and Pathline
(iv) Convective acceleration and Total acceleration
3.(a) Derive continuity equation for steady and incompressible fluid along a stream tube.
(b) Discuss Newton’s law of viscosity and effect of temperature on viscosity.
4.(a) If the velocity distribution over a plate is given by u= (2/3)y –y2 in which u is the velocity
in m/s at a distance y meter above the plate, determine the shear stress at y = 0 and y = 0.15 m.
Take dynamic viscosity of fluid as 8.63 poise.
(b) State and prove Bernoulli’s equation from first principle. Also mention the assumptions
made.
5. (a)Derive Bernoulli’s equation starting from Euler’s equation.
(b)The water is flowing through a pipe having diameters 20 cm and 10 cm at section 1 and 2
respectively. The rate of flow through pipe is 35 litres/sec. The section 1 is 6 m above datum and
section 2 is 4 m above datum. If the pressure at section 1 is 39.24 N/cm 2 , find the intensity of
pressure at section 2.
6. (a) If the flow is laminar, prove that the velocity distribution in a pipe flow across a section is
parabolic.
(b) A pipe line 60 cm diameter bifurcates at a Y- junction into two branches 40 cm and 30 cm in
diameter. If the rate of flow in the main pipe is 1.5 m3/s and mean velocity of flow in 30 cm
diameter pipe is 7.5 m/s, determine the rate of flow in the 40 cm diameter pipe.
7. Explain & derive the discharge.
(a) Orificemeter
(b) Venturimeter
(c) Pitot tube
Draw sketches of each of them.
8.(a)What are the various methods of dimensional analysis?Describe any one of the them with an
illustration.
 (b) Using Buckingham’s π theorem, show that the drag force FD = ρ L2V2φ (Re,M) which Re =
ρ LV/μ; M = V/C; ρ = fluid mass density; L = chord length: V= velocity of aircraft; μ = fluid
viscosity; C = sonic velocity = √K/ ρ where K = bulk modulus of elasticity.
9. (a)What do you mean by similitude? Explain the different types of similitudes.
(b) What are the different types of hydraulic similarity? Are they truly attainable?
10. (a) Define turbulent flow. Discuss the factors on which it depends.
(b) Derive expression for velocity distribution for turbulent flow in pipe.
11. (a)Give a brief classification of various turbines on the basis of different criteria.
( b) Discuss the working of a reciprocating pump with aid of heat sketch.
12. (a) The pressure drop generated by a pump of given geometry is known to depend up on the
impeller Diameter D, the rotational speed N, the fluid discharge Q, the fluid density ρ, and
viscosity μ. Obtain the dimensionless form of the functional relationship.
(b) Explain Reynold’s, Froude Number, Euler, Weber and Mach numbers by giving their
mathematical expressions and their use in dimensional analysis.
13. ( a) Derive Navier-Stokes equation for viscous fluid flow.
(b) Oil flows through a pipe of 160 mm diameter and 650 m length, with a velocity of 0.5m/sec.
If the kinematic viscosity of oil is 18 cm2/sec, find the power lost in overcoming friction. Take
specific gravity of oil=0.9.
14. A pump is installed in a pipeline, 5 cm diameter, carrying oil of sp. Gr. 0.83. It returns the oil
to a 5 cm diameter pipe at the same elevatioin with a pressure increase of 13.7 kN/m2 . The
quantity of the oil flowing in the pipeline is 10 litres/sec. The motor driving the pump delivers
2.8 kW to the pump shaft. Calculate the loss of energy in the pump.
15. (a)The discharge Q over a rectangular weir depends upon the head H over the weir,
acceleration due to gravity g, length of the weir crest L, height of the weir crest over the channel
bottom Z and the kinematic viscosity ‘v’ of the liquid. By the method of dimensional analysis,
obtain an expression for the discharge Q in terms of dimensionless parameters.
(b) What is Cherry’s formula? How it is derived from Darcy’s equation? Who gave the better
formula that this formula and what was the formula?