The Soul of the Real India Lives in Its Villages

Villages are the backbone of a nation. The sky scrapers in cities and in metropolitans are having their
root in villages and being strait and majestic because of the backbone, villages. Villages are the
mirror of one Nation’s virgin culture, social life and natural beauty. Development of a nation is a
complete one only with development of villages.

If you see the early history of India, villages are in a vital position in determining the economic
condition of kingdoms. But after the invasion of British the condition changed. The village economy
was crushed by the Whites for their own economical interests. The artisans, weavers and the workers
of cottage industries were forced to give up their professions and to move away from the villages;
because of the economic policy of the Whites. The only community which left out in villages, without
any support, was the farming group. That too suffered with heavy taxation and brutal suppression.
This led the wiping out of entire farming sector in the villages. Big industrial towns and cities were
begun to grow at the cost of villages.

After the independence the Government gave much important to the villages and the rural economy,
agriculture. First five year plan was formulated entirely for Agriculture. The condition of the rural side
slowly improved. Green Revolution and other programmes were introduced with targeting agriculture
and development of the villages.

The lives of scores of the people in India are intertwined inseparably with the rural life. The socio
economic study of a village has been undertaken with the objective of understanding the various
complexity and dynamics at work in an Indian village. The living condition of a village comprises of
factors like social, economic, political, cultural, religious and environmental aspects which together
influence the lives of rural people. The importance of study of village lies in the fact the village
presents a microcosm which reflects the larger reality.

This study sensitizes towards problems faced by village people, their socio economic condition, and
their cultural aspects, their perceptions about the present world and their health and educational
condition. This study also looks into the questions, whether the Green Revolution and other major
development programme has really positive impact in rural economy, whether the latest mantra
“Globalization and Information & Technology” has pulled the villages to an elevated position.

Kottanathampatti is a village in the Melur taluk of Madurai District, I selected this village for my socio
economic study based on many criteria, mainly it is an agrarian village and nearly 80% of the workers
and marginal workers are employed in agricultural sector. The village is a compact one and having
less than 2000 population, that too include all communities except Scheduled Tribe.
I have made a comprehensive survey and tried to analyse the infrastructure, demography, economic
condition, education, health and other aspects of this village. I hereby submit the report based on the
analysis.

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