Property Law Course Outline

By: Atty. Zosimo P. Lira, Jr

Title 1 –Classification of Property

I.Characteristics:
A. Concept of Things & Property
B. Requisites/Characteristics of Property
C. Rights as property
1. Distinction between Real Rights and Personal Rights
D. Regalian Doctrine Art. XII, Sec. 2 of the
Constitution Republic vs. Bantigue,
GR. No. 162322 March 14, 2012
DENR Sec. v. Yap, GR No. 167707
Oct. 8, 2008
1. Distinction between “Title” and
“Certificate of Title Castillo vs.
Escutin GR No. 171056 March 13,
2009
II.Classification (Arts. 415-418) 2nd &
Importance of Classification:
1. Real or immovable ----- Art. 415 (Memorize Art. 415) Recitation
on Art. 415
2.Personal or movable ----Art. 416, 417, 418

CASES:
Ladera v. Hodges Vol. 48 No. 12 Official Gazette 5374
Mindanao Bus Co. v. City Assessor and Treasurer, G.R. No. L-17870,
September 29, 1962
Makati Leasing & Finance Corp., v. Wearever Textile Mills, Inc., G.R. No.
L-58469. May
16, 1983
Santos Evangelista v. Alto Surety & Insurance Co., Inc. 103 Phil. 401 (1958);
Tsai v. Court of Appeals, G.R. Nos. 120098 and 120109, October 2, 2001;
Serg’s Products, Inc. v. PCI Leasing and Finance, Inc., G.R. No. 137705, August
22, 2000;
Burgos, Sr. v. Chief of Staff, G.R. No. 64261, 26 December 1984;
Lopez v. Orosa, Jr., and Plaza Theater, Inc. 103 Phil. 98 (1968);
Yap v. Tañada, G.R. No. L-32917, 18 July 1988;
Machinery & Engineering Supplies, Inc. v. Court of Appeals 96 Phil. 70 (1954);
Manila Electric Company v. City Assessor, G.R. No. 166102, August 5, 2015;
Capitol Wireless, Inc., v. Provincial Treasurer of Batangas, G.R. No. 180110, May
30 2016

 D.Property in Relation to Whom it Belongs (Arts. 419-425)

1. Property of Public Dominion
2. Property of Private Ownership

CASES:
Laurel v. Garcia, G.R. Nos. 92013, 92047, July 25, 1990;
Rabuco v. Villegas, G.R. Nos. L-24661, L-24915, L-24916, February 28, 1974;
Macasiano v. Diokno, G.R. No. 97764, 10 August 1992;
Republic v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 100709, November 14, 1997
Province of Zamboanga del Norte v. City of Zamboanga , G.R. No. L-24440,
March 28,1968;
Chaves v. Public Estates Authority, G.R. No. 133250, July 9, 2002;
Villarico v. Sarmiento, G.R. No. 136438, November 11, 2004
Heirs of Malabanan v. Republic, G.R. No. 179987, 3 September 2013
Republic v. Santos, III, G.R. No. 160453, November 12, 2012
Navy Officers’ Village Association, Inc. v. Republic, G.R. No. 177168, 3 August
2015
City of Lapu-Lapu v. PEZA, G.R. Nos. 184203, 187583, November 26, 2014;
Republic v. Aboitiz, G.R. No. 174626, October 23, 2013
Alolino v. Flores, G.R. No. 198774, 4 April 2016

Title 2 –Ownership

A.Concept of Ownership (Art. 427)

1.Characteristics of Ownership
2.Rights Included in Ownership (Art. 428)

CASES:
Javier v. Veridiano, G.R. No. L-48050, October 10, 1994
Bustos v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 120784-85, 24 January 2001
Heirs of Roman Soriano v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 128177, August 15, 2001
Garcia v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 133140, August 10, 1999
Rodil Enterprises, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 129609 and 135537,
29 November 2001
Isaguirre v. De Lara, G.R. No. 138053, May 31, 2000
Custodio v. Corrado, G.R. No. 146082, 30 July 2004
Abejaron v. Nabasa, G.R. No. 84831, June 20, 2001
Javier v. Lumontad, G.R. No. 203760, December 3, 2014
Bradford United Church of Christ, Inc. v. Ando, G.R. No. 195669, May 30, 2016

 3.Principle of Self-help (Art. 429) and State of Necessity (Art. 432)

CASES:

German Management & Services, Inc. v. Court of Appeals 177 SCRA 495
Caisip v. People 36 SCRA 17
People v. Pletcha, Jr. 22 CA Rep. 807
Diamond Farms, Inc. v. Diamond Farm Workers Multi-Purpose Cooperative, G.R.
No.192999, 18 July 2012
Spouses Fuentes v. Roca, G.R. No. 178902, 21 April 2010

4. Use Injuring Rights of Third Persons (Art. 431)

CASE:
Andamo v. Intermediate Appellate Court, G.R. No. 74761, 6 November 1990

5. Legal Remedies to Recover One’s Possession

- Accion Interdictal
(Forcible Entry and Unlawful Detainer)
- Accion Publiciana
- Accion Reivindicatoria

6. Surface Rights (Art. 437)

CASES:
Andamo v. Intermediate Appellate Court, G.R. No. 74761, 6 November 1990
Republic v. Rural Bank of Kabacan, Inc., G.R. No. 185124, 25 January 2012

7. Hidden Treasure (Arts. 438-439)

B.
Right of Accession
1.Accession With Respect to Immovable Property

a. Accession Discreta

CASES:
Bachrach Motor Co. v. Talisay-Silay Miling Co. 56 Phil. 117
Equatorial Realty Development, Inc. v. Mayfair Theater 370 SCRA 56
Daclison v. Baytion, G.R. No. 219811, April 6, 2016

 Land Bank of the Phils. v. Perez, G.R. No. 166884, June 13, 2012

b. Accession Continua

Accession industrial

a. Article 448

CASES:
Ignacio v. Hilario 76 Phil. 605
Ignao v. Intermidiate Appellate Court 193 SCRA 17
Filipinas College Inc. v. Garcia Timbang, et al 164 SCRA 287
Manotok Realty, Inc. v. Tecson 164 SCRA 587
Bernardo v. Bataclan 66 Phil. 598
Heirs of Ramon Durano, Sr. v. Uy 344 SCRA 328
Ballatan v. Court of Appeals 304 SCRA 34
Spouses Fuentes v. Roca, G.R. No. 178902, 21 April 2010
Communities Cagayan, Inc. v. Spouses Nanol, G.R. No. 176791, 14 November
2012
Angeles v. Pascual, G.R No. 157150, 21 September 2011
Sulo sa Nayon, Inc., v. Nayong Pilipino Foundation, G.R. No. 170923, 20
January 2009
Spouses Narvaez v. Spouses Alciso, G.R. No. 165907, 27 July 2009
Department of Education v. Tuliao, G.R. No. 205664, June 9, 2014
Department of Education v. Casibang, G.R. No. 192268, January 27, 2016
Briones v. Macabagdal, G.R. No. 150666, August 3, 2010
Spouses Macasaet v. Spouses Macasaet, G.R. Nos. 154391-92, 30 September
2004
Spouses Aguino v. Spouses Aguilar, G.R. No. 182754, June 29, 2015
Spouses Esmaquel v. Coprada, G.R. No. 152423, December 15, 2010

b. Article 448 & 447 applied by analogy

CASES:
Spouses Del Campo v. Abiesa 160 SCRA 379
Pacific Forms, Inc. v. Esguerra 30 SCRA 684
Pecson v. Court of Appeals 244 SCRA 407

c. Good Faith

 CASES:
Technogas Philippines v. Court of Appeals 268 SCRA 5
Pleasantville Dev’t corp. v. Court of Appeals 253 SCRA 10
Geminiano v. Court of Appeals 259 SCRA 344

ii. Accession Natural

a. Alluvium or Alluvion (Arts. 457-458)
CASES:
Agustin v. Intermediate Appellate Court 187 SCRA 218
Cureg v. Intermediate Appellate Court 177 SCRA 313
Viajar v. Court of Appeals 168 SCRA 405
Vda. de Nazareno v. Intermediate Appellate Court 257 SCRA 589
Heirs of Navarro v. Intermediate Appellate Court 268 SCRA 74
Republic v. Santos, III, G.R. No. 160453, November 12, 2012
Daclison v. Baytion, G.R. No. 219811, April 6, 2016
Heirs of Narvasa, Sr. v. Imbornal, G.R. No. 182908, August 6, 2014

b. Avulsion (Art. 459)

c. Change of Course of Rivers (Arts. 461-462)
d. Formation of Islands (Arts. 463-465)

2.Accession With Respect to Movable Property

a. Adjunction/Conjunction (Arts. 466-471)
b. Mixture (Arts. 472-473)
c. Specification (Arts. 474)
3. Quieting of Title (Arts. 476–481)
4. Requisites
5. Classes
6. Ruinous Buildings and Trees in Danger of Falling (Arts. 482–483)

CASES:
Heirs of Tappa v. Heirs of Bacud, G.R. No. 187633, April 4, 2016
Spouses Galang v. Spouses Reyes, G.R. No. 184746, August 15, 2012
Green Acres Holdings, Inc. v. Cabral, G.R. No. 175542 & 183205, 5 June 2013
Heirs of Pocdo v. Avila, G.R. No. 199146, 19 March 2014

Title 3 –Co-Ownership
(Arts. 484-501)

A. Concept of Co-ownership
1. Requisites

 2. Characteristics of Co-ownership

B. Rights of Each Co-owner

CASE:
Del Banco v. Intermediate Appellate Court 156 SCRA 55
Heirs of Dela Rosa v. Batongbacal, G.R. No. 179205, July 30, 2014
Arambulo v. Nolasco, G.R. No. 189420, March 26, 2014
Quintos v. Nicolas, G.R. No. 210252, June 16, 2014
Apique v. Fahnestich, G.R. No. 205705, August 5, 2015
Catedrilla v. Lauron, G.R. No. 179011, April 15, 2013

C. Obligations of Each Co-owner

CASE:
Pardell v. Bartolome 23 Phil. 450

D. Extinguishment of Co-ownership

CASES:
Caro v. Court of Appeals 113 SCRA 10
Bailon- Casilao v. Court of Appeals 160 SCRA 738
Roque v. Intermediate Appellate Court 165 SCRA 118
Delima v. Court of Appeals 201 SCRA 641
Aguilar v. Court of Appeals 227 SCRA 472
Tomas Claudio Memorial College, Inc. v. Court of Appeals 316 SCRA 502
Robles v. Court of Appeals 328 SCRA 97

E. Condominium Act (RA 4726)

Title 4 –Some Special Properties

A.Waters (Arts. 502-518)
B.Minerals (Art. 519)
C.Trademark and Trade Names (Arts. 520-523)

Title 5 –Possession
A.Concept of Possession
1. Requisites
2. Classifications of Possession

CASES:
Rizal Cement Co., Inc. v. Villareal 135 SCRA 15
Wong v. Carpio 203 SCRA 118
Somodio v. Court of Appeals 235 SCRA 307

 Maglucot- Aw v. Maglucot 329 SCRA 78

Cequena v. Bolante 330 SCRA 216
Carbonilla, v. Abiera, G.R. No. 177637, July 26, 2010

B. Loss of Possession (Art. 555)

CASES:
Aragon v. Insular Government 19 Phil. 223
Catholic Vicar Apostolic of the Mountain Province V. CA 183 SCRA 639
Supapo v. Spouses de Jesus, G.R. No. 198356, April 20, 2015

C. Theory of Irrevindicability (Art. 559)

1.Requisites
2.Exceptions to the Theory of Irrevindicability

CASES:
EDCA Publishing & Distributing Corp. v. Santos 134 SCRA 614
De Garcia v. Court of Appeals 37 SCRA 129
Dizon v. Suntay 47 SCRA 160
Ledesma v. Court of Appeals 213 SCRA 195
Subic Bay Legend Resorts and Casinos, Inc. v. Fernandez, G.R. No. 193426,
September 29, 2014

D. Fruits
CASES:
Azarcon and Abobo v. Eusebio 105 SCRA 569
Cordero v. Cabral 123 SCRA 532

E. Expenses
CASES:
Mendoza and Enriquez v. De Guzman 52 Phil. 164
Robles and Martin v. Lizzaraga Hermanos , etc. 42 Phil. 584
Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System v. CA 143 SCRA 623

F. Possession of Animals

Title 6 –Usufruct
A.Concept of Usufruct
1.Kinds of Usufruct
2.Special Usufructs
CASES:
Bachrach v. Seifert and Elianoff 87 Phil. 483
Hemedes v. Court of Appeals 316 SCRA 347

 B. Rights of the Usufructuary (Arts. 566-582)

CASE:
Fabie v. Guiterrez David 75 Phil. 536

C. Obligations of the Usufructuary (Arts. 583-602)

CASE:
Vda. de Aranas v. Aranas 150 SCRA 415
D.Rights of the Owner
E.Obligations of the Owner
F. Extinguishment of Usufruct (Arts. 603-612)
CASE:
Locsin v. Valenzuela 173 SCRA 454

Title 7 –Easements or Servitudes

A. Easements in General (Arts. 613-633)

1. Characteristics of Easements
2. Classifications of Easements
3. Dominant Owner vs. Servient Owner
4. Extinguishment of Easements

B. Legal Easements (Arts. 634-687)

1. Easements Relating to Waters
2. Easement of Right of Way
3. Easement of Party Wall
4. Easement of Light and View
5. Drainage of Buildings
6. Intermediate Distances and Works for Certain Constructions and Plantings
7. Easement Against Nuisance
8. Lateral and Subjacent Support

C. Voluntary Easements (Arts. 688-693)

CASES:
Valisno v. Adriano 161 SCRA 398
Ronquillo, et al. v. Roco, et al. 103 Phil. 84
Tanedo v. Bernad 165 SCRA 86
Costabella Corporation v. Court of Appeals 193 SCRA 333
Encarnacion v. Court of Appeals 195 SCRA 74
Case v. Heirs of Tuason 14 Phil. 521
Choco v. Santamaria 21 Phil. 132

 Solid Manila Corporation v. Bio Hong Trading Co., Inc. 195 SCRA 748
Floro v. Llendo 244 SCRA 713
Quimen v. Court of Appeals 257 SCRA 163
De Jesus, et al. v. Howmart Corp., et al. 12 CA Rep. 831
La Vista Association, Inc. v. Court of Appeals 278 SCRA 498
Alcantra v. Reta, Jr. 372 SCRA 364
Prosperity Credit Resources, Inc. v. Court of Appeals 301 SCRA 52
Villanueva v. Velasco 346 SCRA 99
National Irrigation Administration v. Court of Appeals 440 SCRA 661
Alolino v. Flores, G.R. No. 198774, 4 April 2016
Castro v. Monsod, G.R. No. 183719, 2 February 2011
Reyes v. Valentin, G.R. No. 194488, February 11, 2015
Alolino v. Flores, G.R. No. 198774, April 4, 2016
Calimoso v. Roullo, G.R. No. 198594, January 25, 2016
Andres v. Sta. Lucia Realty & Development, Inc., G.R. No. 201405, August 24,
2015
Republic v. Santos III, G.R. No, 160453, November 12, 2012

Title 8 –Nuisance
(Arts. 694-707)
CASE:
Hidalgo Enterprises, Inc. v. Balandan 91 Phil.
Rana v. Wong, G.R. No. 192861-62, 30 June 2014
Republic v. Tan, G.R. No. 199537, 10 February 2016
Cruz v. Pandacan Hiker’s Club, Inc., G.R. No. 188213, January 11, 2016

Title 9 – Registry of Property

(Arts. 708-711)– Different Modes of Acquiring Ownership

A. Theory of Mode and Title

CASE:
Acap v. Court of Appeals 251 SCRA 30

Title 1
– Occupation
(Arts. 713-720)
A. Requisites

Title 2
– Intellectual Creation
(Arts. 721-724)

 Title 3
–Donation
A. Concept of Donation
B. Classifications of Donation
C. Forms of Donation
1. Immovable Property
2. Movable Property
D. Persons Who May Give or Receive Donations (Arts. 735-749)
E. Effects and Limitations of Donation (Arts. 750-759)
F. Revocation and Reduction of Donations (Arts. 760-773)

CASES:
De Luna v. Abrigo 181 SCRA 150
Reyes v. Mosqueda 187 SCRA 661
Liguez v. Court of Appeals 102 Phil. 577
Pershing tan Queto v. Court of Appeals 148 SCRA 54
Pijarillo v. Intermidiate Appellate Court 176 SCRA 340
Cruz v. Court of Appeals 140 SCRA 245
Roman Catholic Archbishop of Manila v. Court of Appeals 198 SCRA 300
Eduarte v. Court of Appeals 253 SCRA 391
Quilala v. Alacntara 371 SCRA 311
Hemedes v. Court of Appeals 316 SCRA 347
Siguan v. Lim 318 SCRA 725
Noceda v. Court of Appeals 316 SCRA 504
Heirs of Cesario Velasquez v. Court of Appeals 325 SCRA 552
Gonzales v. Court of Appeals 358 SCRA 393
Imperial v. Court of Appeals 316 SCRA 393
Republic v. Silim 356 SCRA 1
Gestopa v. Court of Appeals 342 SCRA 105
Carinan v. Spouses Cueto, G.R. No. 198636, October 8, 2014
Calanasan v. Spouses Dolorito, G.R. No. 171937, November 25, 2013
Victoria v. Pidlaoan, G.R. No. 196470, April 20, 2016
Heirs of Gozo v. Philippine Union Mission Corp. of the Seventh Day Adventist
Church, G.R. No. 195990, August 5, 2015

Title 4
– Prescription
1. Acquisitive Prescription
2. Extinctive Prescription
3. Laches
4. Prescription of Ownership and Other Real Rights (Arts. 1117-1138)

 5. Prescription of Actions (Arts. 1139-1155)

CASES:
James v. Eurem Realty Development Corp., G.R. No. 190650, October 14, 2013