CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 2

SYLLABUS AND LIST OF CASES

BILL OF RIGHTS (PART 1) - MODULES 2-13

(Atty. Mary Ellen S. Cabuhat)

MODULE 2. BACKGROUND ON THE BILL OF RIGHTS

• Concept and Origin

1) PBM Employees Org. vs. PBM Co., Inc. [51 SCRA 189 (1973)]
2) People vs. Marti (G.R. No. 81561, January 18, 1991)
3) Gamboa vs. Teves (G.R. No. 176579 (June 28, 2011)
4) West Virginia State Board of Education vs. Barnette (319 US 624, 638)

• Classi cation of Rights

a) Civil Rights
b) Political Rights
c) Social and Economic Rights

• Hierarchy of Rights
5) PBM Employees Org. vs. PBM Co., Inc. [51 SCRA 189 (1973)]
6) Ermita-Malate Hotel and Motel Operators Association, Inc. vs. City of Manila (G.R. No. L-24693, July
31, 1967)

• Accountability
7) People vs. Marti (G.R. No. 81561, January 18, 1991)
8) Yrasegui vs. Philippine Airlines (G.R. No. 168081, October 17, 2008)
9) Zulueta vs. CA (G.R. No. 107383, February 20, 1996)

MODULE 2-A. DUE PROCESS

• Art. III, Sec. 1

• Art. III, Sec. 14 (1)
• De nition, Nature, Scope and Evolution
• Purpose of the Guarantee
• Meaning of Life, Liberty, and Property
• Art. 40, 41, 44, Civil Code
10) Darthmouth College vs. Woodward (4 Wheaton 518)
11) Ynot vs. IAC (G.R. No. 74457, March 20, 1987)
12) Ichong vs. Hernandez (G.R. No. L-7995, May 31, 1957)
13) Villegas vs. Hiu Chong Tsai Pao Ho (86 SCRA 270)
14) South Bell & Co. vs. Natividad (40 Phil. 136)
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 15) Buck vs. Bell (274 US 200)

16) People vs. Fajardo (104 SCRA 443)
17) Rubi vs. Prov. Board of Mindanao [39 Phil. 660 (1919)]
18) Torraco vs. Thompson (263 US 197
19) Hurtado vs. California [110 U.S. 516 (1884)]

• Relativity of Due Process

20) Secretary of Justice vs. Lantion (G.R. No. 139466, October 17, 2000)
21) Morrissey vs. Brewer (408 US 471)
22) Cafeteria and Restaurant Workers Union vs. McElroy [367 US 886 (1961)]
• Void for Vagueness/Overbreadth Doctrine
23) Cafeteria and Restaurant Workers Union vs. McElroy [367 US 886 (1961)]
24) David vs. Arroyo (G.R. No. 171390, May 3, 2006)
25) Ong vs. Sandiganbayan (G.R. No. 126858, September 16, 2005)
26) Estrada vs. Sandiganbayan [G.R. No. 148560, November 19, 2001]
27) Ople vs. Torres [292 SCRA 141 (1998)]

• Art. II, Sec. 11 (respect for human rights)

• Writ of Amparo
28) Sec. of National Defense vs. Manalo (G.R. No. 180906, October 7, 2008)

MODULE 2-A-1. SUBSTANTIVE DUE PROCESS

29) Southern Hemisphere Engagement Network, Inc. vs. Anti-Terrorism Council [G.R. Nos. 178552,
178581, 178890, 179157 & 179461 (October 5, 2010)]
30) Knights of Rizal vs. DMCI Homes Inc. (G.R. No. 213948, April 25, 2017)
31) NASECO Guards Association vs. National Service Corporation (G.R. No. 165442, August 25, 2010)
32) Serrano vs. Gallant Maritime Services, Inc. (G.R. No. 167614, March 24, 2009)
33) Concio vs. DOJ (G.R. No. 175057, January 29, 2008)
34) Borlongan vs. Pena (G.R. No. 143591, November 23, 2007)
35) City of Manila vs. Laguio (G.R. No. 118127, April 12, 2005)
36) Tanada vs. Tuvera (G.R. No. L-63915, December 29, 1986)
37) Villegas vs. Hu Chong Tsai Pao Ho [86 SCRA 275 (1978)]
38) Rubi vs. Prov. Board of Mindanao [39 Phil. 660 (1919)]
39) Kwong Sing vs. City of Manila (41 Phil 103)
40) Yu Cong Eng vs. Trinidad (271 US 500)
41) Binay vs. Domingo (G.R. No. 92389, September 11, 1991)
42) Villavicencio vs. Lukban [39 Phil 778 (1919)]
43) Nebbia vs. State of New York (291 US 502)
44) Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway vs. Minnesotta (134 US 118)
45) US vs. Toribio (G.R. No. L-5060, January 26, 1910)

 MODULE 2-A-2. PROCEDURAL DUE PROCESS

46) Tua vs. Mangrobang (G.R. No. 170701, January 22, 2014)
47) Estrada vs. Ombudsman (G.R. No. 212140, January 21, 2015)
48) Diona vs. Balangue (G.R. No. 173559, January 7, 2013)
49) Maliksi vs.COMELEC (G.R. No. 203302, April 13, 2013)
50) Rodriguez and Tulali vs. Judge Blanca or (G.R. No. 190171, March 14, 2011
51) PITC vs. Angeles [263 SCRA 421 (1996)]
52) Equitable PCI Banking Corporation vs. RCBC Capital Corporation (G.R. No. 182248, December 18,
2008)
53) Republic vs. Extelcom (G.R. 147096, January 15, 2002)
54) Lobete vs. Sundiam (123 SCRA 95)
55) People vs. Beriales (70 SCRA 361)
56) Serrano vs. NLRC (G.R. No. 117040, January 27, 2000)

• Jurisdiction, Notice and Hearing

• Art. 704, Civil Code
57) Jose Atienza et. al. vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 188920, February 16, 2010)
58) Susie Chan-Tan vs. Jesse Tan (G.R. No. 167139, February 25, 2010)
59) Summary Dismissal Board vs. Torcita [330 SCRA 153 (2000)]
60) Banco Espanol vs. Palanca (G.R. No. L-11390, March 26, 1918)
61) Secretary of Justice vs. Lantion (G.R. No. 139466, October 17, 2000)
62) People vs. Estrada (G.R. No. 130487, June 19, 2000)
63) Samartino vs. Raon (G.R. No. 131482, July 3, 2002)
64) Lim vs. Court of Appeals (G.R. 111397, August 12, 2002)
65) Asilo vs. People (G.R. No. 159017-18, March 9, 2011)
66) Parayno vs. Jovellanos (495 SCRA 85)
67) Lawton vs. Steele (152 US 133)

• Exceptions to Notice and Hearing Requirements

68) Philcomsat vs. Alcuaz [180 SCRA 218 (1989)]
69) Suntay vs. People [101 Phil. 833 (1957)]
70) De Bishop vs. Galang [8 SCRA 244 (1963)]
71) Var Orient Shipping Co., Inc. vs. Achacoso [161 SCRA 232 (1988)]

• Opportunity to be Heard
72) Budiongan vs. De la Cruz (G.R. No. 170288, September 22, 2006)
73) Almendras, Jr. vs. Almendras (G.R. No. 179491, January 14, 2015)
74) Uyboco vs. People of the Philippines (G.R. No. 211703, December 10, 2014)
75) Roxas vs. Vasquez (G.R. 114944, June 19, 2001)
76) Marohombsar vs. Judge Adiong (A.M. RTJ-02-1674, January 22, 2004)
77) Alba vs. Nitorreda (G.R. No. 120223, March 13, 1996)
78) Bautista vs. Court of Appeals (G.R. No. 157219, May 28, 2004)

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 • Impartial Court or Tribunal

79) Tanada vs. PAEC [141 SCRA 307 (1986)]
80) Anzaldo vs. Clave [119 SCRA 353 (1982)]
81) Tejano v. Ombudsman [G.R. No. 159190, June 30, 2005]
82) Tumey vs. Ohio [273 U.S. 510 (1997)]
83) People vs. Court of Appeals [262 SCRA 452 (1996)]
84) Tabuena vs. Sandiganbayan [268 SCRA 332 (1997)]

• Prejudicial Publicity
85) Sheppard v. Maxwell [384 U.S. 333 (1966)]
86) Webb v. De Leon [247 SCRA 652 (1995)]
87) People v. Sanchez (G.R. No. 121039, October 18, 2001)

• Administrative Due Process

88) Ang Tibay vs. CIR (G.R. No. L-46496, February 27, 1940)
89) Meralco vs. Public Service Commission (G.R. No. L-13638-40, June 30, 1964)
90) Lumiqued vs. Exevea (G.R. No. 117565, November 18, 1997)

• Academic Disciplinary Proceedings

91) Non vs. Hon. Dames (G.R. No. 89317, May 30, 1990)
92) Montemayor vs. Araneta University Foundation (G.R. NO. L-44251, May 31, 1977)
93) Ateneo vs. CA (G.R. No. L-56180, October 16, 1986)
94) Alcuaz vs. PSBA (G.R. No. 76353 May 2, 1988)

• Criminal Proceedings
This will be discussed in the Module on the Rights of the Accused.

MODULE 2-A-3. CONSTITUTIONAL AND STATUTORY DUE PROCESS

95) Agabon vs. NLRC (G.R. No. 158693, November 17, 2004)

MODULE 2-A-4. JUDICIAL STANDARDS OF REVIEW (TESTS)

• Strict Scrutiny Test

• Intermediate Scrutiny
• Rational Basis Test

96) White Light Corporation vs. City of Manila (G.R. No. 122846, January 20, 2009)
97) Williamson vs. Lee Optical of Oklahoma [348 US 483 (1955)]

 MODULE 2-A-5. DOCTRINES AND CHALLENGES

• Void for Vagueness Doctrine

• Overbreadth Doctrine
• As-applied Challenge
• Facial Challenge

98) Southern Hemisphere Engagement Network, Inc. vs. Anti-Terrorism Council [G.R. Nos. 178552,
178581, 178890, 179157 & 179461 (October 5, 2010)]
99) Disini vs. Secretary of Justice (G.R. No. 203335, February 11, 2014)
100) Estrada vs. Sandiganbayan (G.R. No. 148560, November 19, 2001)

MODULE 2-B. EQUAL PROTECTION 

• Political, Economic and Social Equality

a) Art. II, Sec. 11 (free access to the courts)
b) Art. II, Sec. 14 (equality of women and men)
c) Art. II, Sec. 26 (public service)
d) Art. VIII, Sec. 5(5) (legal aid to poor)
e) Art. IX-C, Sec. 10 (protection of candidates)
f) Art. XII, Sec. 2, par. 2 (reservation of marine resources)
g) Art. XII, Sec. 10 (nationalization of business)
h) Art. XIII, Sec. 1 and 2 (social justice)
i) Art. XIII, Sec. 3 (protection to labor)

101) Biraogo vs. Philippine Truth Commission of 2010 (G.R. Nos. 192935 and 193036, December 2,
2010)
102) People of the Philippines vs. Jumauan (722 SCRA 108)
103) Remman Enterprises, Inc. vs. Professional Regulatory Board of Real Estate Service (G.R. No.
197676, February 4, 2014)
104) Villanueva vs. Judicial and Bar Council (G.R. No. 211833, April 7, 2015)
105) Tolentino vs. Board of Accountancy [90 Phil 83, 90(1951)]
106) People vs. Cayat [68 Phil 12, 18 (1939)]
107) Philippine Judges Association vs. Prado (227 SCRA 703)
108) Ichong vs. Hernandez (G.R. No. L-7995, May 31, 1957)
109) Smith Bell & Co. vs. Natividad (40 Phil. 136)
110) Bache and Company vs. Ruiz (L-32409, Feb. 27, 1971)

• Applicability, Substantial Distinctions, Discrimination and Classi cation of Persons Protected

111) Bache and Company vs. Ruiz (L-32409, Feb. 27, 1971)
112) Phil. Association of Service Exporters vs. Drilon [163 SCRA 386 (1988)]
113) Conference of Maritime Manning Agencies vs. POEA
114) Lacson vs. Executive Secretary (G.R. No. 128096, January 20, 1999)

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 115) COMELEC vs. Cruz (G.R. No. 186616, November 20, 2009)
116) Yrasegui vs. Philippine Airlines (G.R. No. 168081, October 17, 2008)
117) Gobenciong vs. CA (G.R. No. 159883, March 31, 2008)
118) Quinto vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 189698, December 1, 2009 and February 22, 2010)
119) International School Alliance of Educators vs. Quisumbing [G.R. No. 128845, 333 SCRA 13 (2000)]
120) Almonte vs. Vasquez (G.R. No. 95367, May 23, 1995)
121) Telecommunications and Broadcast Attorneys vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 132922, April 21, 1998)
122) Dumlao vs. COMELEC (95 SCRA 392)
123) De Guzman vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 129118, July 19, 2000)
124) Ceniza vs. COMELEC (96 SCRA 763)
125) League of Cities of the Philippines vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 176951, April 12, 2011)
126) Ichong vs. Hernandez (101 Phil 1155)
127) Ormoc Sugar Co., Inc. vs. Treasurer of Ormoc City (22 SCRA 603)

• Administration of Justice
128) People vs. Hernandez [99 Phil. 515 (1956)]
129) People vs. Isinain [85 Phil. 648 (1950)]
130) Chavez vs. PCGG (G.R. 130716, December 9, 1998)
131) Nunez vs. Sandiganbayan [111 SCRA 433 (1982)]
132) Gallardo vs. People (G.R. 142030, April 21, 2005)

• Public Policy
133) Quinto vs.COMELEC (G.R. No. 189698, February 22, 2010)
134) Gutierrez vs. DBM (G.R. No. 153266, March 18, 2010)
135) Central Bank Employees Assoc. vs. BSP (G.R. No. 148208, Dec. 15, 2004)
136) PNB vs. Palma (G.R. 157279, August 9, 2005)
137) Unido vs. COMELEC [104 SCRA 17 (1981)]
138) PJA vs. Prado [227 SCRA 703 (1993)]
139) Olivarez vs. Sandiganbayan [248 SCRA 700 (1995)]
140) Tiu v. Court of Appeals (G.R. No. 127410, January 20, 1999)
141) Coconut Oil Re ners v. Torres (G.R.  132527, July 29, 2005)
142) ISAE vs. Quisumbing (G.R. No. 128845, June 1, 2000)
143) PHILRECA vs. DILG (G.R. No. 143076, June 10, 2003)
144) Beltran vs. Secretary of Health (G.R. No. 133640, November 25, 2005)
145) People vs. Vera (65 Phil 56)

MODULE 2-B-1. JUDICIAL STANDARDS OF REVIEW (TESTS)

• Strict Scrutiny Test

• Intermediate Scrutiny
• Rational Basis Test
146) Serrano vs. Gallant Maritime Services, Inc. (G.R. No. 167614, March 24, 2009)

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 MODULE 3. PRIVACY OF COMMUNICATION AND CORRESPONDENCE

• Art. III, Sec. 3(1)

• Concept, Basis and Aspects

147) Whalen vs. Roe [429 US 589 (1977)]

148) Morfe vs. Mutuc (G.R. No. L-20387, January 31, 1968)
149) Disini vs. Secretary of Justice (G.R. No. 203335, February 11, 2014)

• Zones of Privacy
150) In the Matter of the Petition for Issuance of Writ of Habeas Corpus of Sabio vs. Senator Gordon
(G.R. No. 174340, October 17, 2006)

• Exclusionary Rule
• Art. III, Sec. 3(2)
151) Silverthorne Lumber vs. US [251 US 385 (1920)
152) People vs. Aruta (G.R. No. 120915, April 3, 1998)
153) People vs. Rondero (G.R. No.125687, December 9, 1999)

• Art. III, Sec. 2

154) Social Justice Society vs. Dangerous Drugs Board (G.R. No. 157870, November 3, 2008)
155) Nacague vs. Sulpicio Lines (G.R. No. 172589, August 8, 2010)

• Art. III, Sec. 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 17 (Penumbra)

156) Griswold vs. Connecticut [381 US 479 (1965)]
157) Ople vs. Torres (G.R. No. 127685 July 23, 1998)

• Reasonable Expectation of Privacy

158) Ople vs. Torres (G.R. No. 127685 July 23, 1998)
159) Pollo vs. Constantino-David (G.R. No. 181881, October 18, 2011)
160) Ayer Productions vs. Judge Capulong [160 SCRA 861 (1988)]
161) Kilusang Mayo Uno vs. Director-General NEDA (G.R. No. 167798, April 19, 2006)

• R.A. 1405 Secrecy of Bank Deposits

162) Republic of the Philippines vs. Eugenio (G.R. No. 174629, February 14, 2008)

• R.A. No. 4200 [Anti-Wire Tapping Law (1965)]

• Arts. 290, 291, 292 and 299.  Revised Penal Code
163) Kilusang Mayo Uno vs. Director-General NEDA (G.R. No. 167798, April 19, 2006)
164) Sps. Hing vs. Choachuy (G.R. No. 179736, June 26, 2013)
165) Gaanan vs. IAC [145 SCRA 113 (1986)]
166) Katz vs. U.S. [389 U.S. 347 (1967)]
167) Ramirez vs. CA (G.R. No. 93833, September 28, 1995)

 168) Salcedo-Ortanez vs. CA [235 SCRA 111 (1994)]

169) Alejano vs. Cabuay (G.R. No. 160792, August 25, 2005)

• R.A. No. 1017 [Data Privacy Act (2012)]

• Rules of Court, Rule 130, Sec. 24
• Privileged Communications
170) In Re: Laureta [148 SCRA 382 (1987)]
171) People vs. Albofera, [152 SCRA 123 (1987)]
172) Zulueta vs. Court of Appeals [253 SCRA 699 (1996)]
173) Deano vs. Godinez [12 SCRA 483 (1964)]
174) Waterhouse Drug Corporation vs. NLRC (G.R. No. 113271. October 16, 1997)

• Writ of Habeas Data [A.M. No. 08-1-16-SC (January 22, 2008)]

175) Lee vs. Ilagan (G.R. No. 203254, October 8, 2014)

• Art. 26, Civil Code

• Art. 32, Civil Code, Liability for Damages
176) Aberca vs. Ver [160 SCRA 590 (1989)]

• R.A. 8293 Intellectual Property Code

• Art. 723, Civil Code

MODULE 4. FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

• Art. III, Sec. 4

• Art. III, Sec. 18(1)
• Nature, Scope, Basis and Purpose
177) Chaves vs. Gonzales (G.R. No. 168338, February 15, 2008)
178) NUHHRAIN-APL-IUF Dusit Hotel Nikki Chapter vs. CA 2008
179) US vs. Bustos [37 Phil. 731 (1918)]
180) Burgos vs. Chief of Staff [133 SCRA 800 (1984)]
181) New York Times vs. Sulliven [380 U.S. 51 (1964)]
182) Abrams vs. US [250 U.S. 616 (1919)]
183) Gonzales vs. COMELEC [27 SCRA 835 (1969)]
184) Social Weather Station vs. COMELEC (G.R. No.147571, May 5, 2001)

• Freedom from Prior Restraint, Censorship, Obscenity and the Right to Privacy
185) Disini vs. Secretary of Justice (G.R. No. 203335, February 11, 2014)
186) Ejercito vs. COMELEC (742 SCRA 210)
187) GMA Network Inc. vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 205357, September 2, 2014)
188) New Sounds Broadcasting Network Inc. vs. Dy (G.R. Nos. 170270 and 179411, April 2, 2009)
189) I-UTAK vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 206020, April 14, 2015)

 190) Gonzales vs. COMELEC (27 SCRA 835)

191) Diocese of Bacolod vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 205728, January 21, 2015)
192) National Press Club vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 102653, March 5, 1992)
193) Osmena vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 132231 March 31, 1998)
194) Chaves vs. Gonzales (G.R. No. 168338, February 15, 2008)
195) Gonzales vs. Kalaw Katigbak [137 SCRA 356 (1985)]
196) Lagunzad vs. Sotto Vda. De Gonzales [92 SCRA 476 (1979)]
197) Ayer Productions vs. Judge Capulong [160 SCRA 861 (1988)]
198) People vs. Kottinger 1923
199) Rosenbloom vs. Metromedia (403 US 29)
200) KMU vs. Director General (G.R. No. 167798, April 19, 2006)
201) MTRCB vs. ABS-CBN (G.R. No. 155282, January 17, 2005)
202) Iglesia ni Cristo vs. CA 1996
203) Reno vs. ACLU (June 26, 1997, D-96-511)
204) Miller vs. California [413 U.S. 15 (1973)]
205) US vs. Bustos [37 Phil. 731 (1918)]
206) Alonzo vs CA 1995
207) Pita vs. CA (178 SCRA 362)
208) Soriano vs. Laguardia (G.R. No. 164785, April 29, 2009)
209) Fernando vs. Court of Appeals (G.R. No. 159751, December 6, 2006)
210) Eastern Broadcasting Corp. (DYRE) vs. Dans [137 SCRA 247 (1985)]
211) FCC vs. Paci ca Foundation [438 U.S. 726 (1978)]
212) Kingsley Books vs. Brown (354 US 436)
213) Near vs. Minnesota [283 US 697 (1931)]
214) People vs. Alarcon [69 Phil. 265 (1939)]
215) People vs. Aparici 1955
216) In Re: Jurado (A.M. No. 93-2-037 SC, April 6, 1995)
217) Miriam College vs. Court of Appeals (G.R. No. 127930, December 15, 2000)

• Freedom from Subsequent Punishment

218) Thornhill vs. Alabama (310 US 880
• Content-Based and Content-Neutral Restrictions, Libel, and National Security
219) New Sounds Broadcasting Network Inc. vs. Dy (G.R. Nos. 170270 and 179411, April 2, 2009)
220) Chaves vs. Gonzales (G.R. No. 168338, February 15, 2008)
221) Babst vs. NBI [132 SCRA 316 (1984)]
222) Espuelas vs. NBI [132 SCRA 316 (1984)]
223) Elizalde vs. CFI [116 SCRA 93 (1982)]
224) Lopez vs. Court of Appeals [34 SCRA 116 (1970)]
225) PJI vs. Thoenen (G.R. No. 143372, December 13, 2005)\
226) Texas vs. Johnson [491 U.S. 397 (1989)]
227) Borjal vs. CA. [301 SCRA 1 (1999)]
228) Baguio Midland Courier vs. CA (G.R. No. 107566, November 25, 2004)
229) Disini vs. Secretary of Justice (G.R. No. 203335, February 11, 2014)
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 230) Bulletin Publishing Corp. vs. Judge Noel (G.R. No. 76565, November 9, 1988)
231) Newsweek Inc. vs. IAC (G.R. No. L-63559 May 30, 1986)
232) MVRS Publication Inc. vs. Islamic Da’Wah Council of the Phils. (G.R. No. 135306, January 28,
2003)
233) US vs. O’Brien [391 U.S. 367 (1968)]

• Administration of Justice
234) Cabansag vs. Fernandez (102 Phil. 152)
235) People vs. Alarcon [69 Phil. 265 (1939)]
236) In Re: Ramon Tulfo (AM 90-4-1545-0, April 17, 1990)
237) Nestle Phils. vs. Sanchez [154 SCRA 542 (1987)]
238) In Re: Atty. Emil Jurado (AM 90-5-2373 July 12, 1990)
239) Secretary of Justice vs. Estrada (A.M. No. 01-4-03-S.C., June 29, 2001)

• Government Speech, Parliamentary Immunity and Libel

240) Osmena vs. Pendatun (G.R. No. L-17144, October 28, 1960)
241) Jimenez vs. Cabangbang (G.R. No. L-15905, August 3, 1966)

• Balancing of Interest Test

• Dangerous Tendency Test
• Clear and Present Danger Test
• Grave-but-Improbable Danger Test
• Direct Incitement Test
• Intermediate Review

242) Chaves vs. Gonzales (G.R. No. 168338, February 15, 2008)
243) Chavez vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 162777, August 31, 2004)
244) Gonzales vs. COMELEC [27 SCRA 835 (1969)]
245) Social Weather Station vs. COMELEC (G.R. No.147571, May 5, 2001)
246) ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp. vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 133486, January 28, 2000)
247) Sanidad vs. COMELEC (G.R. 90878, January 29, 1990)
248) Salonga vs. Cruz Pano (G.R. No. L-59524 February 18, 1985)
249) Zaldivar vs. Sandiganbayan [170 SCRA 1 (1989)]
250) Miriam College vs. Court of Appeals (G.R. No. 127930, December 15, 2000)
251) Malabanan vs. Ramento (129 SCRA 359)
252) Villar vs. Technological Institute of the Philippines (135 SCRA 706)
253) Non vs. Danes (185 SCRA 523)
254) Schenck vs. US [249 U.S. 47 (1919)]
255) Yates vs. US [354 U.S. 298 (1957)]
256) Dennis vs. US [341 U.S. 494 (1951)]
257) Brandenburg vs. Ohio (395 US 444)
258) Reno vs. ACLU (D-96-511, June 26, 1997)

 259) Southern Hemisphere Engagement Network, Inc. vs. Anti-Terrorism Council [G.R. Nos. 178552,
178581, 178890, 179157 & 179461 (October 5, 2010)]
260) David vs. Arroyo (G.R. No. 171396, May 3, 2006)

MODULE 5. FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY

• Art. III, Sec. 4

• Art. III, Sec. 5
• BP Blg. 880 (Public Assembly Act of 1985)

261) IBP vs. Mayor Lito Atienza (G.R. No. 175241, February 24, 2010)
262) Primicias vs. Fugoso [80 Phil. 71 (1948)]
263) Navarro vs. Villegas [31 SCRA 730 (1970)]
264) Ignacio vs. Ela [99 Phil. 346 (1956)]
265) J.B.L. Reyes vs. Bagatsing [125 SCRA 553 (1983)]
266) Ruiz vs. Gordon [126 SCRA 233 (1983)]
267) Malabanan vs. Ramento [129 SCRA 359 (1984)]
268) Arreza vs. GAUF [137 SCRA 94 (1985)]
269) German vs. Barangan [135 SCRA 514 (1985)]
270) Acosta vs. CA and CSC (G.R. No. 132088 Jun 28, 2000)
271) Bayan vs. Ermita (G.R. No. 169848, April 25, 2006)
272) De Jonge vs. Oregon [229 US 353 (1937)]
273) Evangelista vs. Earnshaw (57 Phil 255)

MODULE 6. FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION

• Art. III, Sec. 8

• Art. IX, Sec. 2 (5)
• Art. XIII, Sec. 3, par. 2
• Art. XIII, Sec. 15

274) Ang Ladlad LGBT vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 190582, April 8, 2010)
275) SSS Employees Association vs. CA (G.R. No. 85279 July 28, 1989)
276) United Pepsi Cola Supervisory Union (UPSU) vs. Laguesma (G.R. No. 122226, March 25, 1998)
277) Manila Public School Teachers Association vs. Laguio, Jr. 2001
278) Occena vs. COMELEC, 127 SCRA 404 (1985)
279) In re: Edillon, 84 SCRA (1979)
280) Boy Scouts of America vs. Dale [530 U.S. 640 (2000)]
281) Rotary Int’l vs. Rotary Club, 481 U.S. 537 (1987)
282) Alliance of Government Workers vs. Ministry of Labor and Employment (124 SCRA 1)
283) Philippine Association of Free Labor Unions vs. Secretary for Labor 1969
284) People vs. Ferrer (48 SCRA 382)
285) Victoriano vs. Elizalde Rope Workers’ Union (59 SCRA 54)

 286) Gonzales vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. L-27833, April 18, 1969)
287) PADCOM Condominium Corp. vs. Ortigas Center Association

MODULE 7. FREEDOM OF RELIGION

• Art. III, Sec. 5

• Art. II, Sec. 6 (Separation of State and Church)
• Free Exercise Clause, Benevolent Neutrality Doctrine, Clear and Present Danger Test and
Compelling State Interest

288) Fonacier vs. CA [96 Phil. 417 (1955)]

289) Imbong vs. Ochoa (G.R. No. 204819, April 8, 2014)
290) Ronulo vs. People of the Philippines (G.R. No. 182438, July 2, 2014)
291) Re: Request of Muslim Employees in the Different Courts of Iligan (A.M. No. 02-2-10-SC
December 14, 2005)
292) Estrada vs. Escritor [A.M. No. P-02-1651, June 22, 2006]
293) Ebralinag vs. Division Superintendent of Schools of Cebu [219 SCRA 256 (1993)]
294) Tolentino vs. Secretary of Finance (235 SCRA 630)
295) American Bible Society vs. City of Manila [181 Phil. 386 (1957)]
296) Swaggart Ministries vs. Cal Bd. of Equalization [493 U.S. 378 (1990)]
297) Torcaso vs. Watkins [367 U.S. 488 (1961)]
298) Cantwell vs. Connecticut (310 US 296)
299) West Virginia Board of Education vs. Barnette [319 U.S. 624 (1943)]
300) Victoriano vs. Elizalde Rope Workers Union [59 SCRA 54 (1974)]
301) Pamil vs. Teleron (G.R. No. L-34854, November 20, 1978)

• Non-Establishment Clause
302) Ang Ladlad LGBT vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 190582, April 8, 2010)
303) Garces vs. Estenzo (104 SCRA 510)
304) Glassroth vs. Moore 229 [F. Supp. 2d 1290 (M.D. Ala. 2002)]
305) Epperson vs. Arkansas [33 U.S. 27 (1968)]
306) Lemon vs. Kurtzman [403 U.S. 602 (1971)
307) Martin vs. Corporation of the Presiding Bishop (434 Mass. 141)
308) Schools District of Abington vs. Schempp [374 U.S. 203 (1973)]
309) Board of Education vs. Allen (392 US 236)
310) Tilton vs. Richardson (403 US 672)
311) Newdow vs. US Congress (328 F.3D 466)
312) Engel vs. Vitale [370 U.S. 421 (1962)]
313) Tudor vs. Board of Education (14 NJ 31)
314) Stone vs. Graham [449 U.S. 39 (1980)]

• Tax exemption
• Art. VI, Sec. 28 (3)

 • Art. VI, Sec. 29 (2)

• Public aid to religion

315) In Re: Letter of Tony Q. Valenciano (A.M. No. 10-4-19-SC, March 7, 2017)
316) Aglipay  vs. Ruiz [64 Phil. 201 (1937)]
317) Islamic Da ‘wah Council vs. Executive Secretary [G.R. No. 153888, July 9, 2003]
318) Mueller vs. Allen [463 U.S. 388 (1983)]
319) Wallace vs. Jaffree [472 U.S. 38 (1985)]

• Religious Test
320) Torcaso vs. Watkins [367 U.S. 488 (1961)]
321) In Re: Summers (325 US 561
322) People vs. Zosa (38 OG 1676)

• Art. VI, Sec. 5(2)

• Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(5)
• Religious instruction in public schools
• Art. XIV, Sec. 3(3)
• Operation of Sectarian schools
• Art. XIV, Sec. 4(2)
• Civil Code, Art. 359(1)

MODULE 8. FREEDOM OF INFORMATION

• Art. III, Sec. 7 (Right to Information on Matters of Public Concern)

• Art. II, Sec. 28 (Policy of Full Public Disclosure
• Executive Order No. 2, s. 2016 (Freedom of Information Program)
• Scope, Restrictions and Limitations
• Access to Court Records
• Canon II - Con dentiality Code of Conduct for Court Personnel (A.M. No. 03-06-13-SC)

323) IDEALS vs. PSALMS (G.R. No. 192088, October 9, 2012)

324) Antolin vs. Domondon (G.R. No. 165036 & 17505, July 5, 2010)
325) Baldoza vs. Dimaano [71 SCRA 14 (1976)]
326) Tanada vs. Tuvera (G.R. No. L-63915, April 24, 1985; G.R. No. L-63915 December 29, 1986)
327) Chavez vs. PCGG (G.R. No. 130716, December 9, 1998)
328) Chavez vs. PEA and Amari (G.R. No. 133250, July 9, 2002)
329) The Province of North Cotabato vs. The Government of the Republic of the Philippines Peace Panel
on Ancestral Domain (G.R. No. 183591, October 14, 2008)
330) Akbayan vs. Aquino (G.R. No. 170516, July 16, 2008)
331) Gonzales vs. Narvasa (G.R. No. 140835, August 14, 2000)
332) Valmonte vs. Belmonte [170 SCRA 256 (1989)]
333) Legaspi vs. CSC [150 SCRA 530 (1987)]

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 334) Garcia vs. BOI [177 SCRA 374 (1989)]

335) Bantay Republic Act or BA-RA 7941 vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 177271, May 4, 2007)
336) Senate vs. Ermita (G.R. No. 169777, April 20, 2006)
337) Neri vs. Senate Committee on Accountability of Public Of cers (G.R. No. 180643, March 25, 2008)
338) Perez vs. Estrada (A.M. No. 00-1-4-03-SC, June 29, 2001)
339) Lantaco vs. Llamas (A.M. No. 1037-CJ October 28, 1981)

MODULE 9. LIBERTY OF ABODE

• Art. III, Sec. 6

340) OCA vs. Macarine (A.M. No. MTJ-10-1770, July 18, 2012, formerly A.M. OCA IPI No. 10-2255-MTJ)
341) Salonga vs. Hermosa [97 SCRA 121 (1989)]
342) Caunca vs. Salazar [82 Phil. 851 (1940)]
343) Manotok vs. CA [142 SCRA 149 (1986)]
344) Philippine Association of Service Exporters vs. Drilon (163 SCRA 386)
345) Marcos vs. Sandiganbayan (G.R. Nos. 115132-34, August 9, 1995)
346) Marcos vs. Manglapus (G.R. No. 88211, October 27, 1989)
347) Mirasol vs. DPWH (G.R. No. 158793, June 8, 2006)
348) Silverio vs. CA [G.R . No. 94284 April 8, 1991)
349) Defensor-Santiago vs. Vasquez (G.R. Nos. 99289-90, January 27, 1993)
350) Genuino vs. De Lima (G.R. No. 197930, April 17, 2018)
351) Lorenzo vs. Director of Health (50 Phil. 595)
352) Rubi vs. Provincial Board of Mindoro (50 Phil 595)
353) Villavicencio vs. Lukban (39 SCRA 778)

MODULE 10. NON-IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT

• Art. III, Sec. 20

• Debt and Poll Tax
354) Ganaway vs. Quillen (42 Phil 805)
355) Ajeno vs. Inserto (71 SCRA 166)
356) Flores vs. Tatad (96 SCRA 676)
357) Ramirez vs. de Orozco (G.R. No. L-11157, March 25, 1916)
358) Sera n vs. Lindayag (67 SCRA 166)
359) In Re: Tamboco (G.R. No. L-10900, October 8, 1917)
360) U.S. vs. Cara (41 Phil 826)
361) People vs. Merillo (G.R. No. L-3401, June 28, 1951)
362) Makapagal vs. Santamaria (G.R. No. L-34616, December 15, 1930)
363) Sura vs. Martin (26 SCRA 286)
364) Lozano vs. Martinez (146 SCRA 323)
365) People vs. Nitafan [207 SCRA 726 (1992)]
366) In Re: Habeas Corpus of Benjamin Vergara (G.R. No. 154037, April 30, 2003)
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 MODULE 11. INVOLUNTARY SERVITUDE

• Art. III, Sec. 18 (2)

• Art. II, Sec. 4
• Art. 311, Civil Code
• Art. 247, Revised Penal Code

367) Rubi vs. Prov. Board of Mindanao [39 Phil. 660 (1919)]
368) US vs. Pompeya (31 Phil 245)
369) People vs. Zosa (38 O.G. 1676)
370) Raquiza vs. Bradford (G.R. No. L-44, September 13, 1945)
371) Duran vs. Abad (G.R. No. L-99, November 16, 1945)
372) Aclaracion vs. Gatmaitan [64 SCRA 131 (1979)]
373) Kaisahan ng Manggagawa sa Kahoy vs. Gotamco Sawmills (31 Phil 245)
374) Caunca vs. Salazar (82 Phil 851)
375) Pollock vs. Williams (322 US 4)
376) Hodges vs. US [203 U.S. 1 (1906)]
377) Robertson vs. Baldwin (165 US 24)

MODULE 12. CITIZENSHIP

• Art. IV, Sec. 2

378) Valles vs. COMELEC (337 SCRA 543, August 9, 2000)
379) Maria Jeanette Tecson vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 161434, March 3, 2004)
380) Republic vs. Chule Lim, G.R. No. 153883, January 13, 2004)
381) Re: Application for Admission to the Philippine Bar, Vicente D. Ching (Bar Matter No. 914, October
1, 1999)
382) Villahermosa vs. The Commissioner of Immigration (G.R. No. L-1663, March 31, 1948)

• Naturalization
383) Bengzon III vs. HRET and Cruz (G.R. No. 142840, May 7, 2001)
384) Republic vs. Batuigas (G.R. No. 183110, October 7, 2013)
385) Limkaichong vs. COMELEC (G.R. Nos. 178831-32, April 1, 2009)

• Full and Complete Compliance with Naturalization Laws

386) In the Matter of the Petition of Po Yo Bi to be Admitted as Citizen of the Philippines: Po Yo Bi (G.R.
No. L-32398, January 27, 1992)
387) Edison So vs. RP (G.R. No. 170603, January 29, 2007)
388) Republic vs. Huang Te Fu (G.R. No. 200983, March 18, 2015)
389) Republic vs. Kerry Lao Ong (G.R. No. 175430, June 18, 2012)

 • R.A. 8171 (Repatriation of Filipino Women and Natural Born Filipinos)

• R.A. 9225 (Citizenship Retention and Re-acquisition Act of 2003)
390) Tabasa vs. CA (G.R. No. 125793, August 29, 2006)
391) Maquiling vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 195649, April 16, 2013
392) Sobejana-Condon vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 198742, August 10, 2012)
393) Reyes vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 207264, June 25, 2013)

• Citizenship, Dual Allegiance, Loss and Reacquisition of Citizenship

394) Mercado vs. Manzano (G.R. No. 135083, May 26, 1999)
395) Calilung vs. Datumanong (G.R. No. 160869, May 11, 2007)
396) Lopez vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 182701, July 23, 2008)
397) Jacot vs. Dal (G.R. No. 179848, November 26, 2008)
398) Cordora vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 176947, February 19, 2009)
399) Japzon vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 180088, January 19, 2009)
400) Arnado vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 210164, August 18, 2015)
401) Poe-Llamanzares vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 221697, March 8, 2016)
402) Willie Yu vs. Defensor-Santiago (169 SCRA 364)
403) Lee vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 120295, June 28, 1996)
404) Co vs. Electoral Tribunal of the House of Representatives (G.R. Nos. 92191-92, July 40, 1991)
405) Labo, Jr. vs. COMELEC ([176 SCRA 1 (1989)]
406) Frivaldo vs. COMELEC [174 SCRA 245 (1989)

MODULE 13. SUFFRAGE

• Art. V, Sec. 1 and 2

407)Macalintal vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 157013, July 10, 2003)

408)Nicolas-Lewis vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 162759, August 4, 2006)

409)Velasco vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 180051, December 24, 2008)