® Unet he - “Fluable Ravemk Dek a nae pe * - Note} hesuuptions 4 do 9 Uiedly es mee S ie fut poet bute ots a Baten Me 1m SG. boad > Ba Matin Ne “ coat a oer Lowy er te the ig rt te > Hun pavunuth tamuwit? Hu icy ee to le map lla dee tela vce | SHIVA XEROX wan ps Towers ‘Opp J.8.S. College nk, pe Mishnuvardan in Road <, Ban Mob: yen0dsoss7, le gOTOES [Mckeod Mutbuodl + Korman. WwW. Mcleod Canadian Pepartrunt tes on abr fit Thome (ee Gy tabeotin tt bea ot Es oi pede Aart rbd, ean was wpe ed) yous ago o plabe 0 ares. Fron tin plate Load tua av. umpinteal dintan alin was recomncdd§ Cts tol, 1 age. aul bom, um P= Gass ae Load, hat a) e fon Hu. Baume i: Na haber 1 of Pugebtt0 qiuad eefpet| t: bare Course Combat. OH & gound Mak Ma bax course comank K dipends mm Lu Loackd are. Feguae hig Lrows Mr rela honship, Pekwunr fu plat LMawubr be La course ee Ls tela go bax Comme Utacclenass be appt ta, bear flbre ork S ifn pate ig paweuuut Pi spade : ite i ponte ak 0. Sem. aupets tron, A120 &s v&d for pees Bene hk ib Seance pare ane oe OS OW Toitnt paloa qt tute bina tral tonkaut UAL wares ia fetta by eal fia, Unik support by the conto ete Rawat [Deven for a. vohul Load Ato oO oe a Mpaay pve Fg by Mcleod dL, “id Gar caskied ouk on ade AOU Oe a a tli Pan fa a pane YS ight yf Lo tee q lead ok 0.50 ptalion: Pe Ran conta fe: Jae: bs leom Petrmabir oma - 2. our ona. ratio, F > 2 = 2. 0, (ay0 f.20 Bu hat oan ho aad Uraracte asco tpbion tone Runfore, Wik support ie Sa enn = 095 ¢2:5 = 344 byleant Desegr aukepradi. support on 39.2. cum carmel. fad Ss 2 Aut 33° = 2l00 Base wurac combo for 89, aes cBawalir ‘proke as Obtatard #9 4.14 as 40. Aduular pa emenk thicleniss,1 = Klong F- = 40 toto Si A100. - umn Provide Sou 4 Wtimiaoeys sefacng Qub y thin hicknts. Kansos Method . |Pafautpte: Cue this wultiod. th. Chicka peut nee aang aly enutal bert , "ud Aetcknwn a at beugels 1 ban by ang ge)" frotduar * ) staat wroduts Eq? & dillimtard whtti app lea fron of CAL. pr (ts) pr key Flower» Ga. den by Uscantal muted . 12). Ep’ in Aercemend cltrrnuucal voit Saume Jalal parison Biantal tat. Pe Lacks Rand aurage rata V44). Wanimume Load ‘Pama pewuwinse Win know tt bebew equation, pea out, 5). “D 7. [(atet) atx a)” Co toh, T > Wekcknan of pavewt Cows) P —» oad Lkg) x= yceuturk trance Yo Comperint a fog ott NS Vora be Cou) €s > €loutie BL a — radio bp > lout ee een of pavenwout material “haw tea Basho g 9 dapassst Ley Zo clakermiad ty i &)" e oy [rtantat Wetbod : LA. Rilmey aud £.8.Borber bw \4L0 propoud Lie uta meblrod, baud One ee Mplaweet equation, foe Rowcgmns Oe te 2 (a24z2) Ve p - Vera Ha p 3 ‘heLyn. SP (avez) = ork A avec> . (SP ) ares ZX =}/3P. * an (Seen ~ Assuming Akal Cha pave Sa Euntornpreesbly, © Deromn 7 bbicknunr g pavomued. «_ [fa@_y 2 Bay +0 bohm, T= pavemunt sickren, om P= vohul Load, ks >Modulur a elasttelg of sub takantah tat ml, i 9 ne yo QA Radia o Wnterk ara, om A= den. luatiny (0.25 om) Ga Hin abour { Hea paveununt curd Mir subbqred an amund to have tn same € value. Ose. 4 “Triantat tests te hiantar Comprton test to Ad tu dette miccog ta. valu q cartiv modultt for vorrous matevtals, A Hatiab prs tte kolo? %o applied Sun Hae tut La pei thu & value A oleten, du teual, pra t oabttacstly Sawuacct ate Lalnal Confinement vir paweronttale cng th dae bis sag cations %) bret nueatig unl, Y, Thee a ae Und as et GU ee re 4o a Aokal thicknig volur eT on Ta od grnalonal wilh ati Ve) The ve Baye aod vance ab pou to X BY boxed on Aor dire, Braye and. rasied [aye Coypeiont C)_| ADT Cnunebex) Vo Ap - 00 Ay Aor- 800 s/t Zor —\200 L | 291~ L860 ale 1got~ a.teo se a-tot- Xoo ae AOI ~ 6680 lols 600! - 4900. te eot- 13,580 fb 13,501 - 20060wittoud an 0. iia lays pace Sagoo ha toby feat due actoumt Lar eg one a ba i tio The porBbent Akron Ya pa day no slay) * ie penn si pom on sinatea pos a =) (ee) (ee) il —_ a b on eLartir Qhxor ne : sto venus se H ts ee sce a a cae Be Bon one br amo be aie wodulun Eromd Ex bs quioe by: bo. a he noe Bu Kancat toad Spot dig Te’ may riged aa pom eetical [ on -enapiac cal multiod rn hantal bert results -[ Faawple: spDorge Ane paveuuat buhiove by Jkiantal but mulliod vig tw {ouloroted dali: ‘> Whet Load = 4L00 iq Raduiro 0 tactook artas ISun Troyer tant, X = LS Hot Coureumt , Y = 0.4 A = 0.050 E-voluw of Huberade soil fs LOO kg lu E-valur 9 bor Cour matenalieh = 00 keglom Evalue gf tSom thick bthumi _ nove 00. ungout- cours = L000 leg! & (5) = ls BXUlIOo U5 ¥ 0- 5h loo | 1s” 2% | ap etoot 0.25 Loo ) = lOl.b4 XK 0.63 Th = 65.10% Qa 4 doe Asam bilrrrror conmute Surya vty Fee '000 kon be valuat fo ths Hackney ty 0) hoe course, The equivaleat neplacemunk bp te obtaimed sa aoladion - a .(é De be Ebhs 400 ' Ys bb = te xf 1022 ACO ty 2 WO. ome pons. fw, coh bare course Mickny + 65.9 —L0.2 = 95.40 Be pavemunt seutiow coor g 55.tum Brick WBM baw courte and Sem hick Kiar coneurte anya Comrie. te, 4b ( 3 Aso Bl. Wat_&p= (009 Kqlart s5.tum Base @UVse Eo= A100 kalow? 7 aS TN S Soel Subgpact &s: 100 eg Fee }CBL _Mettasch: ‘Gn 1428 roauta Deviston fv the VSM (lwulopped cBe ck for paw eure Led at magoity cusves dweloppead Lab ar band on tu © Cua napoeed 0.4. Porter. AC the begtnn the Setord Woralo War, Ue inter q USA UU tu hmebtrodl 4 jonas uth ond adbertid cod eral (arn pele airport pavemewts, Ong ty odbvanka ray elds ete ply ts tet phan The (BR but hed te S$ WAL Canied Ort Be ee Stat Hi j ind dade sad ban aud ble cours. Saath ovum ortevtul cae but data colleeticl 9 pavement whitch pevemantbehaved fadixaskerily amd Wont wolick Jatled, an % hark war dlovelepped co, the CBR value and Hu pavemont nicknors, The basta Hutgr chart fs that vnakertat vst te agwur CB equi a cela WMielnny 0} pavewwnt an & cover. Load me @ > Pricker (eee prokeet aw Ge Cuaues Pe BR a vottty Leta pds aloes coven, WOW by tea, Californie on ely ii on ef sal & sa ay sg no ee “ty Sbadiv awed pa U. 5. Corps Exgicen Draw. aaa he > ve wtty a ato toe a ae tt do posstble be wnrend the CBR loading conditions vsieg tae y = ds ph bP _ 4)” — ® ye pe (Ler — +) —s [cae L © Hower Lian enprustors arr appiteable Oly ohn CBR value ay Ha mace BL lows Wow IL. bolus, tsa P > whut Load, CBR > Califoramia bul Pai PB > byret promusy 2 kg low A —% Maca at Contacts on™@ The ‘tudtar Coad Co troy rArvommurcled a CBR lueqn chon ae ne eo ant ceo he 6, 08, FE awe bur qu baud on. the volun of Commeurctal velriclis, Parent eeknus Oskumtoation: a orc te due CBR mulliod, Aerak Ha soaked oe gel ts evalua! “ed, Taw thw afproprtatt didern tha. clue retul Lo sum ba A.to On tk eget ee cad i Min autictpatid te fw oe to foun Uw Aade tent ad Cu cose thaw tra oH st po Han fa ea ical ee mat ol ; com, i tug Hw CBR volue tein ane fsa tot albnem onSeus lie ticln Sh Qu te sub-care. Shute CBR wuiod ble pai clei based. — Hato Cota): (@ee -34 - (440) gn non ino cBe US The CBR tue should de ard on nemoulded sels Jw Hin Laborato Ge sen arr nok recommeded ob ? The amu rould be prtpas 4 panes Dospaition barn pootte and othewoire uawl ate aca pe . Ls Fron ta duke now %00ds, Ee 20th sameple sould be paid ab ome to rvolr clue inn sulbabe equigment Jo Available a olan bg oa Fabre. Uae sot paumple Comparlcd Lo oleate we aly bet pas Cr Care wig , thn Seunple should be vonpactod to jhe subbgnoct zoe Cok OM OA ab a Held mote marae ane po gee dag pac, Bp aig ba soaked couae wd coba ese aba fe a a lem Unoun Soa oval Box wath, Cou te boo the aubpta mad ane ach ul ogo the dl Cele no ohare poetic mest adverse wadlitren ote hin te a ella! Ls Mleart Bae seumplr shoudd de telid or car titpo ef OU ab Hu same denaty and moistan content 4 Uv wanimum Varkaten CBR volun tte Lae needs Ba spectyicd Teall + Won dukah CBR should be trot At comple. “Cte ied had vortation bw CBR oar 3y. CBR valu ube lox, Sor valun loko 80 & lon for valun 30 te 60v-). Ls te top SOum 4 mubapade AMaoudd be comparlid akleart upto ato cao i Frochor oowaety. Ls Ae utumale mye ate canted by Mu Aoad— Pavel, at wad Wipe ti be made| ® Lesage Bae gle ba set cle pat Jot ies ge Pai orp lear mee bev, Ge sud ca o bie crakg re tole, & > tag wesc pe ay dor data > 3 bonne) P > Mo. q oa lle Og your tenn a3 hreasty veltclin eur. Hy! tette and Ue vw —> No. ma care qeeuta, should be tan Aver. ae Pines from 28 oan. Com jee feces yan ei coariduc Lv ret wage 93 ove peda et “duedid ate ove A 4. the vhaten ‘ons cue sroutd ke eros! Aba, fa tlt Br thn dutan chat a ‘tol Orel dure Bsdba ee cotlicad arn tecab soak odds oot e200 by aud Nandan ante Gm IASBo tg. For Git ane doad, he eect, paddler Hult Se ae vn cng ath ny att eg nd ll tea ao ‘ Cheon de as ai Couing [open phendnadlcaget upto & San Micknon be oeliet, Lolovel the, tetAhiceknu ar donot brovean tu Maulival capailyas Poa acne a iy © Cro ' The CAR value of sukacacl fil 1. 57. Colewlale Latal Uorcnon Qa pee be . 2). leRan Cure Cate sl a, ore Ante goed ‘pinta. date Heeglwoay Pepa ced), freweta. olustapped tia US Crops Gignsun. Asus, uto0 wl Load mntdeuur bes q goo cvPD do due °e Heappe L Type Preaun 2 talant Sokiiliow + c Chat cj State Repentewi Ot at tenn ‘ph 100g vob. tea be R 25% C See 40g 10). 0) 0 dvtg chanke Accormmendd by GReC “wor 290 Ox and Beng cae Dad fr COR va 914 mk 23t.5m. cit) Deieg Aiken. ornuala. gaan gueriors be Gad —— tse b: Jaw [AF - oe be 35-50m >| Sou subpadk canny voas obtavnrdh frou the forogietCSA Metliod vsiog GIRL 8-200) be Seppe: Total ticks il a tu adaud rt oiag wud carne het tes rat, H 3 The be paver dn charete i i Peet tala oe a; ee ca 1 “4 Ettarmiaous is i Inder collide asch ch pa, cour @ ot cekmes Aur and eee ky ) a ein 9 bub-b cous & vats hg ts tay. Ay ee i Oe By oud ade a cD feeb aaa tg i oThe ain value au ditimiund at te Crttical Locators dori sain at bottom 4) re nett or Mn hapa * sel te wk tell rm rate saris dived eat whieh deg ge us mage vedteal ease on the oe 4 paris ah aoeRan Pn aad ee Aipnctinn Si ths avd wil oat ny a ie - ne Me Chee fo bo te pavement Arusture Peep daabove: he fasts Conmluud. ov Hu tan q funible povemunt? Lickers cma ee Cs CBR value > Castiat Thayte » N Ls Dewgn Me, re ‘b > Gaorot “rae welielu , LY. ar > VDE vali 4 mf Fa ae Ea ay konoExauuplye Derqr a revo te pavement ff O-Lame Undueded COMR Use Bar d, - age lettin cura, = SOY. feincbceut “age Sxcompltion. ey toattrustzan = 800 CvPD Pvesage aoa = 6.0% per Pestqyn tye - 18 vyenwts VO value 2 Os Setulbion: Lame obtstarbulron dortor an Be Ike for lame rduided Aood D= 045 * n = 365 [dcoxosxo.ts [t+ ie) - 1) hep CSA = OF msa, coy 3 msa_ Usteg cee dumgn chart, pr CBR = SY. & snc Totat ange thick = 530mm Compost tion poveunucl compoauutls Can per GRO) QSB = 230 wren GB = Oso Mor BM = Som” Pe = 2m= Tota > 93° ™9The tutor brayyce Complition contanition of a At lane olutdd linia 3500 VED Dewan Ue eakble a 5 vst Aata gus {us paw for Aye gi yo" ee qe CBR > 82 , (pote Aste = 6.5%, Prange VDF = 0h Solution “to” oun clistububoon oulon pe pur Ere = OS can. 365 CRED Cuev)™ 4) A = 865(as—0x 4 «0.46 [Lt $3) 4) 8 Shoo CSA = (00.3% mse ——— v cee a chant, er BR a BY ACSA Y L0OmMR plat” dav fleniote poveunnt = 640 a Aebopt” compose toon ee Carnpoaevita (ar per D8 gu GSB = 280 mm 4 Bo = &Somm DBM = lo mm BC = SO mm Tota «= exom™ dle Hop ctvt Faculty Pucharge ereext BS 7 a Unt 5 % Stresses ta d. Taverneut | fadors i arr Affero Une stand ge 4 ge pavernets % govern “A day a number 4 4° HA AJ, Loading hut Load and Fla Mpeldtions ‘> Maca g conkart whol | oe i eres sab. 5). Property wt Suigla | fe ag a one J Prapetine o onus . sao > Shainkage prope 2 Pe tion, Bite > Fatigu aan DY Extinat conditions : St > fraiion deb wou ESubqeack. 2). Sous : > Recugenaut: joi> Cotiualls boogpnaract Ls Catin Soe aen Ay foading 1). tobe dood § ith Anpelitions? | Ae whul Load Ludo tte static in dlab, Pee (te volt Load, thu oxcalir aw the drowns de_acts Inc ora ‘geusw gett thine aia § aia cusbomany £6 Convar suk te Loada iw tawmn va standard all load 1 £200 Gu Cudta, the baste oben apnea a 48 - pectontil arte 4oad. Lee ie ati Co. stiew eo oe * ta lip la. Sajshy facto CSF) a ake Truk Moods. Fos tanporkant Avads, oe i & olin Avady wilh uninbewnp hd lew, \ th Aaa gee Be For rvacls ees A I a bask dapic, ee (at ay Yor taken a> det oe uth Urals rye Aualt suas Je commuadiaL bage, ASE > 41.0, | as ea te hed Load has daw be a He saat eyed oc gia pavement per forint ra AASHO Qoad a ad proud sina moo tee ane Me Atpedrtions taweams, the eoviceabiiy tadex Comuiby sax jatg. Q vohen sub { Aopratlid lad ope, Sta ts endo dg, difgn. prowctuay sottou dow mettiod, 4 accounbiag efor Load ‘gepebitions.® D con eae browsing He pee gta ae pe ae paced fe Combsuchen » ohn af ire aco i vail a@Cuua he a odie” peuiod op bw. Wet and Pe pe “seage & alo suet ee: who manele age Oe available , Lo Je A dese fea" commonly todo pt 7 poved 2e 9. in jae { whet t He vohuel Doad dao ti aaa Abed t tw Mab Crum a cntarct ara (oom ra prbur She Presun varita / iy ann Lun (0,53 to ane a 0.68 Ra) for most tommerciad fcleo, Gu Oudion a tips 08 Mpa ts advplid. The a Ana ts alent nd tree ae be Cautar to Honplity 2), Location Uw Load will 9 tte He eb Shut pontoons coundond dor etimating Mu Abreu L one Ln & conventional method designe ttbuatralid fu Sarai Howat vennthabecueat th bend «ta Fg. lodg ILemaile abe ak Me dots doh pouch a adubp ct amottun small bel. abren at tha Lap g te alah ob Il tp Comey Loading papderors Mbonsile actveesu nt puall bo brucsloy @ te tanner angleEig We Galevi iY GZ oad » Bs —> heading position, for Nigel = “espe ¢ (Hq 4) Praprtinn q Subpads: D Subgrads.cbangt & proper biee: the Aout Kou dubgtade has an tmpostant pear On the Al cid j toe bout Aor a tandefotern. ani , Lt demon. bs "eienplefted. Ae A power ly taka plalt nas Vatag a YAsom ta, cnutar plate, We measured fh the “moduler g subgrade reaction”, K. whuck to the meaning t isthe Ha ou 40 dpornation onder the Preis Comnd by Lhe sab, Oller -propety oy ths tbqrac oobiich paromont perfprrnance Ga fe dina eHnaste vats, conprrbalily ko Volumabice wilh Chava, bu He mobsline content Youd Ausceptibaltiy te -frbak ation. Subbox provision Ok Owrissioa: Sub ban tBax bo tu & Aelia grawuley material plaud vce tugabe joa teks olow ta coanurte powernant, He hubbax a5 L5T proveda a vaefoarn 6 ceria {ie povernad support Us Lo Vp promt vad pumping on clogs aukow | > 4% Preven Larduce poe | Us 1 ponde a Avabling Couvse on citoded & uadlaeg® Us atk ow wo aga] cuk- oH Subbaw add» to} ie ag tsp nodes et th 1 diageute ko daw mudd addict lus oeb base. Me mun, Bae provision sili te ications & Hacknun aw axbe & vouy Dagantsation Ue isahew. Poattaud Cement Assouation (PCA) allous aw foewean fv hs subgrade strung wolua Sub bans provided. Troperttia_o| Coasts 0.8 ca ange connate powermt Aloe 2 olyrencink a a nn od pope raeoatng tie 8 rangi Covet how Ce te ow wut oO ne wi ia gig easy a4 jeuid a aad toate cg 150X150 mm KGuaw, Atlan aud about 'te-onn . He span Hing th equal fo Jour Ltivug te te Load U applic ot flr third -poruty gt span, Bu. ugh (6 walualich 9 Ue WrocuLure Aucpliine, Tudou. ye Paci. ka ininum wdiulin lewd CH Midbn?), Lei i Ua de ablained Jone as CBr ein ahrevigts not lea Mow 300 ke lore C0 ray) | ~ 9) Modulus 9f Elaatcity + Ca) © Oo} Coals tarreasy wilt ola 4 . Up Lnport role Th Akmiatag Lee Aclatiinw (rem ay Lee a E Donte th bo @ governing aude ta duntgn. “yn pak 7 Celamined by te Atatie Vines by ahrea-alaain velationhipOn dynauate milod. TA value & abou 2x kyle yah ameg qual dig Bie Boa Adauge, gy se baled 3). Pot ssorin aalio: Ca Me oul minaltanr Abyents bu wane Aaa, Potsson hatio bb a pao} that %& ee Gh value Cam be clterme ned by ok. & nate. multiods, Ba {oxen vol bee Around” O15 & My Aalle OKOuUnd 0,24, 1) Shainkage Propertus oy Conunte Commute tponds sti Auawag self ys Lio huchak fou g temout, dut On sUbaquout oly t aides , Suk a rhage comme some atrean, Subsigumat in moidin watent may alo caun tri [eapansion, Stuth Voluuuhue nuuwlt iw additioaal stremnr Sn Hy Mab. °)-Fabgut. behavtour © Coawwte: As toate & subjedid te Arpurtu atremu, progress tu pumauenrt frtemnat atAuctinal alarmage. Kalk place. Gt has beer qound nuearch Ahat a ta ratio area fe Mu ey C shea ratio) ocrear, thr Canute & able te rok fewer & Jewer repetitions, Ct has bu that jrolun te MivaKatio dou nol tncerel 0.56, conmbe wild vertu rm withitand Unlimited etre reputohons wl Cliouet redlente ren tw load camyy capa jf cehgow ding. pace tn aio mato 9 wanted vepetitions 0% aduud fiom 06 Lo O& war Comervatir, vol 4 O45,2 a, ) ® Exkevnal Coadatirns : 1), Temmpuatinn change: Changi tu teomaperalioe afteet Ce Atria tu tt Mab tn Duoaigs. ls dw th towypualioe grace ta slab wee Cour obigarutZ at sapamaron | toatvou betvoew tw top amd bbttow tw sab, the tab Uhow trob te Wteyp 1 but Preudia ee eee dite Hu Mob woghr & te ak Lo trong dove, Stet ote ducked ty suck vestraul’. S Ve erpansonr | contrartion of thu stab luc to tenrpraty che As nUtAained oud bo Ha 4rclion beware ths sabia & tte slab. Hur caus ‘streets Lu tleb, 0). icting betwun Slab & Subba: Te amount of -pteliow betwocn tu Mab & Hu sub bax debrmines fe tacked Renposea On tA pAMGOR & conkaactven dus be tomperatans . The spacteg a joints ts dro ene a Hite $aetiow, Vompatid sand and grew, covered wok th, Wr “09 Papers paovidir & Very Aonootle Ausa.8. Wally Hound macadiw 540 qaauel mite ,nolld lea tonorele, Limes Puplonc Ccormte efi» Pave rough Mufoan. otal : ; Dy Arranaeanuat us Actus wa Oa oe allocoing expamion , toatrarttorn aud warpi tte cad “hy Yeasons diseuned above, Se spac ond ousanae naw” ob you my ti stv Pooiured tuPon Slab cam be Um-ainioraud Or Audfoaud, Hee aoa Related ch aw Liaportanct Convicleraltar 2a cc «Oa dant Sy od c ; — ee chemged ta a mullio Nea aap i sa ap ‘omunt Cormult Mal olan fr a tony feel, | Puosetieal onal paouediunws Toots sera on dns and some a Mum Ore % tenable in problire Dutqn. provedin or achat teals amd a aesternalte A avenue runcruce One Le 5 OAL GUM scl oat. bonus fos Int tel oot gee Thowdina i bg gunk tert to Oo Hegheny ; Mestevgaards Probyte: | dhe proneentag work Zu conve. slab com be altubuled bo westergaard, who presenlid Bis ruudls 24 Sa bok as 1425. rn J Assumptions; His amalieis roa basi Or fotovieg aseuruptiony & The conti slab % homo and wotropte and has - Waar dastie propatira . > thd acaction g the SLbi ads ¢@ vatteal Only owed % propoational 4, tw Hu sab, Gotan words, the Support paovicled th adk ts — to Gat Cum | ree ay & Dt, gpa. no® ee eee wean plast » Ute combamt K deiag ty vote q Subs ads veaultby. Pin = = & cOmtauk = K Chea Lew) Us Jue lab ts am Gur Brrelenoexs. > We Load fu trkeriog ane ths canner fo Avestan daw shape, poationed os indicated iu fg +: Dyed ab toad. Draction = Ye tiow rq 21 Rackiny wens vactey concrett tab, i, ee tg aad a -pro} woliel the. termed as “A wen ie subgrade. Wr vacews 4 oun ee Va ia a Em -# | Wher, 2 -S Ractiiry ualioe digo 9c a Slab © > Modul ae Cen Loncrele kglent AL > Potson's katho . ey (015) k= Subgrads “oad I modudus ot reactionvolat Load Stresey : SSG SST aT cece or ogee equations for Mu atresen und thy Chae “ann adiag coadetions presusliel by Westorgaard, aus 0, oad Stream, SC due Js tateio, Lo Re ee [4 tog | }-+008%8 2) dead Stren, Se’ dun fo edge Ioading Se= oswt [4 bog, (4) + 0.354] 5), koad Strem, ‘Se’ kur b corner loadieg: Sc = ae ft “8 ] vole , 80, Se, Sc > Maaimum atress a tatertoy, & codner rao ts slab arspectovcly dus bo Applied oad P kglen? Slab Chicknou , om Ps — > whe hod, raolin a — Lodtur slut loo destrbulion larca of waates () 4 L 5 Ladion q relat “frees 4 > equiv radtun a resi Section , Cm bz 0 Stbateh> — 0.648 whew als lou Won (24h ea volun a 1s great law, (20 AL, tie ta Le corm doadicg, toile soon Sa clulopped Or @ ta paverneul acvom Che Loxner bfseclov On Loe tpt Adu corner Load strey saceedo Me ce. il a eg he he kop cre© Marimum atrew prodisted 4 ya whol Load at cornea dow not east ono thr Lo et OCULLM at some Amante. Ka et "ths distance a Corny “oe = 0.58 “ee Pohus, X > Pestance from ape apex Gila’ comer Lo dethion mrariatin atren al Le corner’ biscelor Or egenas a Padi ieee dood clistribution , oe Fo L— hacker 0 adiative Aiiyrn ome Ereaunsyhes; cua ab ta rua tir stipeun f (Sem Bick coment Bob Umi ta Jotog aala : Comuit coaerehe = &.1xt0° kglomn> Pao wots adi fo coadret. = OLS 4 Modlin q subpads veastion, K = @ 2.0 kta ») ‘2 the Solution : % ®) Tor k: 2.0, 1 J" (nhac? \ RECN) 18% 3CL-0.5?) Le 640m . % 4) Fo ko 45, Es “TaK4§ (t- 0.15?) 2. 53,3um de nolid Ave that Mu subi koa a On tu Ancien a bo sla Oe & lakivelu Amall.> wi Lin equivaleut radio @ vesidtivg subion g Ooovn Chuck fs au Bal ts tad HD et te tc 50m Sdlulion: — Azvoum, als f - Boots Siege - 0.6450 ~ Vi tsfr ep — ©. 64s 420) 4: Ia.0F um | Ustag Mu data geurn below, calewtalt tt led Load shen Jor )intertor 4b) _ OC)Comw ms g a comourt corte [pavemonls Osd Wetewqaards stews inns Hr dntenmine La probable Vocation "vohoe Ubu crack & Hebert, fo dus bop cus £0 Cornev hug « whut Load, P= sod & = 3x08 kglun Ravemonk tHrickmey A= '8 om Porwonn Aatia AL = 01S Modulus of subqiad reaulion » K= 6 glu’ Cocltuy 4 coatack area, a= ISem. L Stull: en! Yu Cadluiva 4 arclabiw stiyyros, Le (S| Yy s 3 2(Seoxlt (2% 6 (1-052) Le to.bom —Ke Bs 093 < ah fous, b= Sréaeh 0 64S i [esos i Oedsnte) D> Aho wr ), Stam at Ou taterter Se ag = te [x tog, %-) +6968) = 0. esi toa »fset} ¢ woe] Sts 14. 8 kalo ) Stan at the Edgy: Se Se = tela [x loqo( 4) £0 354) - OSA2KS100_ 0.6 7) 4 9,35: Tee [2 tog ee A) y ces anh yb ).Sben ak the Com: Se. Sez a ed | > al is te? dos Se = ahat . fea). Aota.tion hue corny Load Crack ~ ocalidn wfue tu orack ¢ ee cutlop on 2 comer toed , the desta from ths rer gt deb, z oss Sar X> 9539 \esxd0d) = 93.96 x. Bam Modgea Wesergarardy equations Le cow aunrbar Wer epied by Wokerqacr d. and Telly ant Sutherland .£ . dq boas Load stem by Tule & Seutlivelond: $e = 0.524 £ Ctto.544) x1 tog (%) slog gb o.uotd) Common baad ua eat fy Kaley: eat ea, dale ge eu Rrawmple L, cheb min a rdq Load Vas uae «d spralicon @ Tell & Sutherland 5) Comer ne ong) wardifced Ngan P=s100 kg ; Lede, Azols, Arison, Qesto. bum be When ® Edge Load a asa by Fel & Settirvland ? > 0. sored a [40 544)x [bog o( Mp) +loge?- °. «08 Se > 0.529% ss [e@sronya le te, (18. Hot }« Log Uee- 0.04)“hee 81.4 fag leon B) Cornen oad hum vadng equation doy keltug? Sez bet. 22(t- 0.2362) Se> 36.0% Kale an ! cnaline Strere « These stremen ane 4 Arlopped du Comurt Coawretr povernont dur fo vartation fu stab tenpuatiue, The voutalida Ba beurpuraline across Mu oltpla q@ Mu Mab ts cara key dagty Voukation wlueas an Ouerall Saeveaie On drerea ba slab fempralin 5 coumed by seasonal vartatiion bu lup rari . Teo 5 FF po gq sbresnan duced dun Ca alae rawtatn, i ee panels, These aan, “ep @), boxping stents dur bo bemperalioe olijperertiat between Str top land btn te panto a orate dott vad La berpualcin at thr Location, Hb). FrRetional dtremes dur le ouealt (rcrear or decreas fa Fema: -alon tle haveutut Mab asa MELE Oy searonat vaabion ha Couperatons at tu Location. Was pag Stres’ Wed worked Out: Ha lade @ htremun dur la Warpe 1 ce sols QL Bu tal ou De k Oecd coq Dre Potscon's nolo and Vatag he oe Cog Bradbusay, Fe dor malian Isp Beeson YeadonCapon dbres ak totertoy, Stay % vem bog, Bley = Kee Cat 2 Lae dene y a 3 = tpg ea akiatevtoy, so ee glow e@ 2 Hurmal : + Rapala ep to Cx RN Be diac which pends on ta Rakin Cy = Coupreimk iw olituction Y voluade olipeucle om tht Rata [2 fg one ta (wate & wan. o slab along © 8 alco RX > Porson ratio ce. (0.18) Hu. value q api stron oop Cady foc Camm Coamli. pavernent the chant dweloped 4 nad bey. ib eee (ewe) Ste ac O% whichoun ZL 02 SE greats) Hoping Situ ote corner, Sheey Chum) Ske = ek 7 SIM) Hew a" So te fed chu € ts q Adaliiar Akt hroer- € elt ine th worpieg atremen at theron, ede, EK corrwr of 250" ck coment coanrty! uh tramsverac j at 5.0m hero aud Coafendinal pide (es at 26m fatervods We modulunr 4 On, K & 6.9 wlemand sade g load ara ISomn « "Reaae rnantniim, nputans Apel din to & O68 ee falevior & Jand mantrum ot. pene de uc dan Ho 1 ge Go ads ° let COaner). AcddRtionot data aoe fiver elo 5 e= coxes§ le 3K um cay solution: Ceo: Ae W5um, Exario kglom, Xrois , Reto, e= cone per °C ees S00em , Wy = S60LM, deppeal © 0.8% Por om ea tly dusig mney @ o.nfe caning te Aah. bys 0.8r25 2 SC Tempraline ob dawsd a bn Oueeae > we Touperatine dipuntaol Cleat te mar q wage ve 2 ranctes* | , Ss (1a KbS (1-01 > gAt.oan Re Bhs dh , 500 25.43 @ Bt2ja chart , torrtppeacling ho Ha 543, Cxz 0,88 L Meo dts, Cy 2 OS brew (2) iukei Ue moot moe “ (a 6 2 BKK LOK X eos” jos CO.1sa =) 2 to. zu Sk = 22.18 hore Sly = abet = 18 lem Skea = eo oe 3(I-) Spa Pix Corkiantion, Mab “ b= Slab dt, me. eer “et Exawple: D | She epaurg between the correction fours g & CC pavement & Wamn. Determiag Mu tensle ora ba Me oe pavement dur £0 contraction {ha aafortay g partion hws. the doltowr of Che Pavernent a IlanHe wit weegh 9, Ct 4 2490 Taba’ feu, team, deur, a ad Sf = Wales _ SLLOOKA.2K II 2 U0 Riot Sf = osske Falun Crt tea Combinations @ Srressea: GH So ecesey fo contd Hiv emdttieny undloy tn varkoun Serer bw Comont Cortrete up be er fe most vPttcal cali ie ptt et a ac pavemue, dur Lo b uaud a CL pavernont ttn alps 4 ical concn tions ae comtdiud bo vg A ee Saas wiht augue ct ih ew a. Summer or tag SUM kh dag, mandmaes tonale stress fs & Uta Plandaped abt Lotto ta 2 Be ii ns talento Led a etait, a dates aio iu tlab, ob bt fewile abrotis abe te slab die cule: Pekinan ee fit due ke vy ee ahres abe Sipe op ape th re Ie ‘i seca at Ba ter hough. voarpe ‘Sgt mp tl oration % Lower thaw thot “at tatdrtor,@ dood oud waaping Akresses at the edge ts generally Value egher that ob tatert Ler whens in OP UL- suamer due tr say “hawsover tb ts aclatt Muy lems. uniag aun wid Low c&tiecad combinations & stress To at edge vegton and ts gee by, Lbbreat combinatvon 4 chen akedge = toad trees + boarpieg Se - ridin stro a Set Ste- & Le wxpametore WS Quxrag wtater wird dows das sector lta, a kurt ren te cold ab tx. Sota tie Mab dur to wi ng, ak Sabertor amd Mw Pha Load stress abo VA ita ‘potions the glove, ak Har eatevtor aud te Sl et, Mees te tee ti weber sonore Ost contaattiony the slorb. Sha. exttocas. [combination of 4 Pig sol a egy mie Se gue Lhe ettical ies combinalrvenr dbreins ae Age = (oad skye euoawpiag chen t PriclionalL shrew) = Set Stet S¢ Sune ti maluar pwoukial panernuils at voc 9 Hix Locations dauosteg wiater secunn Th th Lower Dhan, Thal in Sewn seaton, tr combination chuniog bummer rid dow ray be woret ot rwost ott LocaLinys. > Duereg Summer ca Desig dummy fi » tle cestral Parbinalire 9 Kstvea occa at the Coane dale on ttn. Mop robou te lob Leds bo warp Upward} and % vUdated thy di at meas,Hue %&% no ptuitinal stves at the connen replOn. \ He oftica ares combinalian h light ab eoenov = (bona ahve warping bres) = Se t Ste. Ls Most Ceetreat toabrnahan : Fhe meats ck cal combination q streHr So te te ie conditions Ca), B) &@ abou. on several ‘pou he nah lo. sum Play tnd Boal es combination oy abrede Ht € es Hop covit , faut Gucdonge De aan_ _ 0 | Oner ¢ a PES Det 4 pe Beene Daten § 6c Payerneut By gee: 58-2903: She whet load shea dur GH duat wbul Dood Lge al ante and Landen analy applied near the fav Oa dilroninedd UA mee chart te Ya ts tee Guta ng tle t for Me rus cet ge pr ou gevin below \ The veutous distgn paxauubers saush as ante load | Con facets tanh, mil tre te Lo | Koval @ Ha support ft sat pel Gkeaak Conte ase | The spac been fa lnpudinad joints and tramever ae Peel Miche g fewer te oxwamed Auping fy veud the pede 34 Se load cana the focatttgf votive Pare contancled. [> Vsieg ioe chant fa Toad. shrers Lue bo sty, dustin. ane! food and fsb ant dutumined; y the Adlon %a fee Lower thaw On, Ma taal iscknuy ts tous i aecpled: ners buftable Antal ticknus tt assumed onion Umble mie ee opie aber 4 How qdaprnit anit Lond oj wage Asgher. Rand I od eputed cg Ws Cnn purod ft compulid. lestimalid . Ls Skremen due be lhe pent aud tandem ant Loads ie iy Pa Rade eed SS eee“|G che stres nation, thu. Htions aie 7sputiios Loads dans ie ‘abo Cho seatine ose le (Se Jou Le Q Hu wunulabivw ang dom ed £0 Bat, dtocboun tavichouh and the Se ed. at aS ed feligue deme th rapeatad utils te The woxpa oe Ste ak He dlectid, Caicknony Gr Mabtrmtced Ons Se ae ta era Tua Af pauitio, ab Ww focality. > det Mae ealge dood stren, due Go the hi Load Pen vorpeted re tear sll ts sly Be Boland od Lotab Lo w Ad Be 2 (Ske+ Sera) Y Hu total ives ue tre ign. thackras % ateeplil- | Bis? mxcaods Toe ak ba. JRial &% repealid ae fa i tan nefaent Hee AU Sane pre ela kag Les Ajti, dust ie Pavccrcned Hrachoras raguiiurran o &% desc oe a ie plat das sae a jaw ows iw bar, on dhe han Lood distsabutiven studies be multiplied by a 4aysly autor 42.0, bo bake cave ‘yal sosseble seg wid 5 1- ® Shrek ration Quid dey aanalytis Pinte load) Fave | kdge load | Sikes Fotigus Expudis no Ratiguee 2 load, -| Serta, Se | Aatio Sy ibvons qe rylone | Sel “4s date tyes clad Oo |S ® Ge © 6) © eal, Pm | Sed [set ISG] nt C1 cls Py, [Ser Kealsg} me Co chs P| se 3 bes lg | Ns Cs cal 3 Fionn] % las lasts | as | ce Pain Tota. scin Petafoncanut dv Slabs funtion s cama ww & fab ai tn ti Se Hn tose Heres caumd pole 40 Lo control tte. npn g ti cabs. A hotas Belt Hes th & sedis a Gok yds prevents Mu cradle ao also coumterc aon dur fo ot bw bemnperalure Aceunent The dueqe or 4 et eee un Cometh pavernurk can Je done On an? ompiatcat batts Soone- Gadi for bate a diay ona Bee Taw fom ta durations. Usthe madre bnwow Suv tha det acrds fy ovark equals th gore required Lo overcame fxkélion between theeet Og age, Ponda drowttr cxode to the nearit Pt i teottint vole te Cradle occes at tu waddle a tw sla tow i ee jen ag aunt witch, Ls Dn Onder oblauw tw iar Q qhew aa acemmnt, a par a fege atl be’ te fina, dine i hag dimomion 2h a slab. The Longttindinal bara thun be heavtw & wore clo Uapaud Thane Hoe rss bare, to cpimule t popularly ond bo dinge te Ingtusial « wove ish, Ac a vob, A= Pa tn une rageluaed [ve wid lt. + octagte de Fee de me betwunr tromsverae ¢ Cow lng le Miah) Or free. ‘ithe gow’ for tramsverae y toe oral 9 a oh aa if La Ma Su tglone Cosel akon 94 69 bs ay ths vranBmitin pi Here 4 teu.)@ 8. Working Atroy Iu Steel? L400 tglome Ctho WN] m2), Solutions Ae Lod. os W = Wotght blab fe kal = O.2XIK1 C00 K100K100K23 (000 w= 460 gb’ Para tudinal stubs isxsxu6o 2 4 tog “eelno = 34m Promale Owe ctia bam ak ose cenbin gery am ORLA. 4 5.9 Owe, Arto A bansvere it 5 345 rmsnuso 48 wt @ <1 QeO | Roma 6asmm ota bars at Zem conduo arg Llosa, | Rocation Beis EMA ¢ the stil Pronded tn commt coanuti lala io not Crpecticd bo tale cowe 4 Ktremu. Honee tb fs wot Lemportant vole et ie plianced. Sree cracks ung votth bk Fewtle atremes ak the Lop eee ane more UR Heat ohou bend £0 Open, Gndion practios, 22 plate Ha Mech ab about Somm bel th Sanhae- equineunencs Aoents ¢ lone. He ued duunptiion q eau Lype jont grr té % “approprhale to outline the Vpenast apd melt ya ipo 9 jake, Sug a 5reomovls toed Aods mastrunbven, : hoot “pla jomded conn ag con Te ree syn ene ts riley 6 fale aioe pact y bu Pad Law 4op anh iio i aa oCLonn. a ce panement a HExpamiton goicl Pou Dok season @ Wu ba Oe pede lochs Cxpand i fe Sco. tavean tate on the pavemmnt, Sink Cold season that Thchjoe Sn oxdlos lo tum br Utes vaskalion tw fe ec oa capant ore jou oes one proided Bur Bn -bramsvevse bu CC paveeneab Ls one A ewer a gous. gal ene oovdss thy k vol dab oe Prat ous eon the tno [ tn CO pawernenk sab ts spn aoross thie epamesoe k and Hates er Ler 14 10 a — ifotak, Yas dn weak oross seelion re nls. oe edhe mw Locatins 4 tm CC havnt ies “amd to provide od as tat expan pink» susable sx ‘doer dears’ 008 io J ond ve lied eg conrt neubiion. Coast rutin auction soit t Hea coostunsTion @ CC pavemuds hon Du coneneting pon ed ot Ate oe om & vormli. pavi oud srl a eb ee As te vow au foiata acres Low te Beet & pr dey uttably 1 theta bars for a oi &6 {© CAs — tb tn advisable fo Lh contain eat don on oe macpendlngt a stat. [Dovoel| tudinal “ps vss fore Roach ranger Koy ce jours ba CO bavemenls On punt vant Dbtects te fbn conurehiog work et thn nearcect inpandione fo i tat dowel das atl be avalable for Load bamye. Gane ce heeled face aa tha Conmbrrolian yout vay be eointiolsd whore Tne veal ee oropetaatd dood Prematir dow {pans ou aes ba dense he baw | = Cross Sectfow | rama yi ee d "Ait- [Destgn a Petals: 1) Destgr Dowel bars; he Load + é aK dovoel bar bs giver by Bu gollowing et age Gs Shear 5 Ps o.tesd §,! 30 be Sandirg of boa 5 Pe od#fs 4 Yesee ® Cu Beart cout, Po ford “ 3 las Crtlsz) © robs P Peumiat ble Anats ‘um dovoek bar Clore’) 1 foe Peruuxatble rag Baum Or coomdli Clg) Fon balanced dustan, Jor capaidy fn bend and gs eg et ee te oblaiud equating P alr fron as ©) 63), feta, cartel Yeas 02 and ho . ae oll aa ~ Kuoourr -domd &, Be foad tromjer capa? o abs at fw alan BY_ ® To calwilak tu spac thu Dovel. oe the require Capa ati favor, N, "bh te. allednind fom > "7 nz Aoack taants}er capaciliy saguiad dy dev dood tamer ae ey i a dh vel bar The Aistanwe on etther ede ye postlron upto upto vobsch. Hr cbovosl bars am efyettiame, fon Joi Taaenies 4 Aaken as 1-84, wha 2% the radtiin oy relink aby nue. pigle dasnt Liatay raation a tr caprilg factor for a ne peal ae eee ot ala oben etre qetou qo the daw ok system One “Tia which corresponds fo tt, taped pac ra n, ts Elna for aoloptton. ra, dtr Bator OS ren a te Mp mong Se we “f Fr for ee betel ni & Z00mm for 20 [oblew : Dueym a. dowel bot mylim sonar ttt commute stab for Bax Ho conditions. 4, Dugan vous Load = LOo 2 Dutgr load te = AY, 3, Slab thicknn, Ao = Bow he Totuk width, % 2 20 0% 5. Rrmiat ble flmurat lural ais In lourel bor = M00 Kg low 6, Pamaisicble shear ative im howl or 2 100 4 Pauniascble Maun dw Conurt, 2 100 bate & Ke value tubede 6 8 kgluwe 4. €2 seuf lor 4 Yo A = OSAssume dia gq dawck bar ar 2,5om Ye i a= 5d, (55 x Atl 2) fe RB 9Z . woo. 243 ;| i a 6 (1200. y At coal eas A+ Utd A= hOSow ertez 2 hOsta Thee d dowel heuglt, oe cay LS um. Shun, Load tramaur Copnals o douil 5 Dp zp Poa. Shea’) 7 0.495 As = 0.405 RAS R (000 = 4100 lea wa) * ad’ fs Yt R BL Peba b < QKASH WOO RRRSA OO | 10,5 + @.3%8) 2 258 ke tend — ? Cn beariag " 105 (‘7465 2) 195C 40.540.5 42) J d54 ee Taking tha Leont -vabue, i “4 P= 453 kg@ hood Acometer capacity 4 Alu. dovodl ayslims = 4100 K4OK: DET Caper datDn Requheid, mp : se, -&l8 fox Ke =f lalom, E> 3%? ene Heois, Le to.4Som Distane Our wht dovel bar = neh = i8(#0.45) . gee 2 108 um Assuuac a dow baw spacing 4 3Sern, aa Capacity faliy = 1+ (Las) + (8-25 )atitear use / 19g : ta(let ae (Sa) (sc) « (28-1) wf) figdau. Moun La - L a er rev Ti govt te Msuse® spoung * 5 Ok) => peas ae otc aa ~sliso fe sie ses} eat- Design Tie bass Ha arta g thu it, bor ts obtdimud rou ta foulovoieg qosuustas Lh > vohun, Ns = Ant @ sta Bn on™ pee web, lengti lata 9 pene = dis bean rh te qusstion & vost free edge, fe £ s couxeaut bebwem pavemoul ound eee ue Ww = WO slab tn \glm Be noob thn fs a, keg Loni? oa reraree pas eee a bond atereugth. eqpal te Ch. voorkig abres ua te a Aus dint 5 0 BP wh, 2 2 tin bor Co S = Mtowbhte vooy ccerers bow aleak 5 kg om A = Cress sedhiona h = Pasnetin te bor, em Pumescebte) bond b B284,6 “glin ad qe" ne ee Fis blond) (Probl. £ ee a dinar syst fon a cet tonvute. pavernmnt, 4. Slab Phicknus, dur 20 mn ® Slab width — b- 235m 3, Atuaber a fo be Hed = 2 I Cousteruat a fptelion bebwen slab & serbqracl. a OS| & boot Slab = rene 6. Atlowab dk Ba SELL = Moo FegLum” 4 Hieron pelea beak strens D Platw bars + tt. leglom ti) Deonened bare: ate gleam Solution: fies BEM 8. 85K S KURO S Ve As = Lt2 oe [mn. Assuming olia gq bar bo be lOwm | A, arta q woe sution a Gu bars Ot8Sem™ 5 = Pecan & On bar's 3.tu2 om Mo. 9} Ai bars taguind perm, | N= As 2 M2 2 geo | 4 0.185 { : Spasiva > 100. 100 is Nv a4 a shovat ce bar = 285A 9x 100K 0.85 _ apg Bp Be 3.1ur & > Heo houm dor pla bar, lts = +00 st 24.2 un dor degonrrnh bas Com be made Som for plain bara £350 for tpt Yerpiog am. additional Sem. margin for tn. placing,Derommendid dimenstorys aud Spacing tv boxe fa lngtindiva =the recommended dtamuter of fv bars for CC. pow ernonls 4 Ladera moar Uraw oF om 12 & Lomm 5 Hr meracmum red bars are br and 80cm Aupi 5 Me tan 25 as& aap bebws fin b a con for slaln Saar "he kau qf wow, Mower? ‘oun apauicg Oe faa ig Lengt 4 He Bara votth closer | Bramght (Hs) > ae comurt conwute pavernente an a. abun & BS. Deg Ke. ke bows along the ‘he Inge —o 1 | | t jot, of Sem onag tha data Atlowwabl worlui dv ‘un tay tae bare > 1250 Lem Unis Wr Comme Commute > QLD0 glean” 2 bed Maaicum value ol ft ction | Allowable tewaile aA a. ae hole > 2200 Atlowablte bond sbrems stn in cpm bars > 8.6 tegten |dolutiont : As BSl0 | Asxpan sued. 6 1250 Mop cfyie . Fowulty Guchage Qh. SM© UNat. ft - Flextble Pavement gue Yatitmauce Oud Evaluation: Paveuent aeluvess Geual? A” steatbte, paweununt yatlure te distoed by ho 3 Pe holes, nuts, ovacks , Arcalized depresiok amd Frvent, Locabigea tepreaion: nosnally loved wit, Aeaving ty Me Vicinity. Tee Beguernte olevelops al Long pavement nee, The Bar Or iow components gy Cha abract UAL, the Wavts aud cor : ont, pores’ jee. Ov Longtbuctinal guts aud “lroviag, Pavement uneveness fay be contcheud aka yoklur vole it Cs exces@ve. m The Subjete o perv Mistress amd gailurr ts constder red cowplen as several eae contatbule Lode pavernenk peti Coration ve ee and aud oxtdatian @ beturnia Ws fi Acad bho dultiiorat Ltiumiao, ‘lvementa Pebremental action tur pewements ard rapidly Lucreard » frollen ences watr ts adkained fu lu void. Spaces g Letumin JOU pavements OL Ln tir Cracks auc pocak Hw Contrd Pavemonts, 4 Fettuves Lye Plentble Pavements: He Locabind settlement our compoaent layer th AAD poveoand tute cola be ei de cand J ument gokture, Hrio demands Mak eel Owe the trout c den aud Laid. Shuo te maintos tHe tur ababecit ena phreanent stawelore asawltele, each de stable welt fay and La lal pavemenk maintar fs Atalayquae tutratn tr above concept ey aed al ttu. ir ade, baw course and the jones i sr fue ak ee ceo. Trak fatal d sprain gett haku paw etter lw bub saga) c ee ba i, Stubppade Gu. prime veument jotlure es ecw & 0 ead ont ytd ie tia iw ade. Hol. Fis cam be sets “po ice excnssye Um dl O Wavy aud Co: Jace and also okpress?onn Lk tg ad pavernen bad the eee chong fever cand edge alog volreet pe fe fee reais Capacel nee ba bubqads. Zuen of vDaevere, rs joer toy u bs coridered as as pavement yo9. he takture ade de athibutid duu bh & base vhuow Ded af Stabelet, HErecsseve strey application, . gat stabeli Wy abe dur ko taherent weakarrs Lar soth ie O wuestive weisture Oo oper Campacton, ony tt vesistauce Lo dione ace Ca stress, Eo nen a tertiiealn. ts daly Bo Srodsquoll. pavwnenit echoes ay Loads ta once 9 cvs valud. The hi ior bon subgrad and olter materials fod to faerean “ba number load vepelettons. Lox applic strem tte hoy ve ishen. composed ho ete uae areas po se te pr fi ood ts metered. G tt, coup ig fey Adequate kth, bie saben aration eer ar hk « ara tinvr. read os Ga tee ee tet bo Heobailg auch Rakes place as fa thr cam fron fis catted plastic dyp vie s ata ee recoverach, Eactawres “we Sub- w Sub-base OrBase 6 Gousses: Following coe the cd Mpa gah baw baw Cour fetes Stra stability” Or Stn oS fos dt “fe i oss ‘te materials YS Guadiduati umoriag course Ly tee af fatertor vraberale B Crushing ot dase ers metals,wy Ls dock 4 doliual cael on tte. frontier base course. adequate stabtity [straugth: Poor wi. proportconiog Or Pradequate thicknus are main reasons for tox tad stabili ty Or er i 4 Aub date oy base course. Sot vata étone eagugots ake thu bare Course tor ah Guypebper reel corkiot, dasning Ma corvtauction roscis Sur poor base Koss Peatieg action» Que Go Ltr fatrnal movemes dw ‘bubba, Or dbase Course wader he te Ibtvess! applications, dtu. composete stauelt g te A ops Histunbed. thts resulta ion tonne the Lata? max aud Joona uw aigalr De charks Orthe beturtwmous Suyau heatble pode ts also Lacs a bial wthow she de Low Atak ly aud poor Load tx i - Pp Mw powremaent: aye Rxuhue pownanual i 4S tase camed dw hoes y base coune_vaatertals: The Joss | bare corde matertals % duly posseble twbon etthur Hu base code ts mot covend tli a ing COurse Or Che WR ing Course has roorn out, Dur Ye owls vere Playcag On Aad , Ce bution Could beet Ye Pprevrmater amd bin eApoad bore cours Material. Tts caus revwovat oO Pracieg matertak [ur WBM base and tu slur apg ter oar tn at boose stake. The eposed qregats ay es baw. cours alo may form dus dun bo obra her auck altnition. wth Ghar ose buch Pavenurk Subibrs , fe 4 Loss oy sConn formic os hehe namoval q waterfals ts called Pere Suit netisance alro deurtopsd wader Busy Rroumtances. Reverting measures Paelude Aepalr 4 tte pot Arolrs ando wane Cee 9 Agios wy be ected tna bo fecvo by paiaking Mu furgace wth chur paltivative or provid a sktabe Kaya baratmort. Gu W8BM Aoads, FE es Komentionat te piead a thin sot fo sewe as He makertal Bl Aakas, oe fom a bubtlable cushedy ts prevent tte eae q fon. le Wroning Course: Absence cag course. Or inach thickead r wag, me exposes lt bose course bo sol ply gat s vattabelee A dur be vate le gun tla baste. Dep rpow He ps en oc ik R Autbable bipe and te course fs Our tte bo course Bullock sat tye ne ch to Uo ce course. Pesous v0 soy onto soeges Fe ye veal Lo ten Ue bose gouree tthe seg “t Ose jertor mateals: Mew aC otiuelural aids ae athibutid dine to! dex om fete mater © Me pow faved fp jobs. Some enatertals ealabre gh et dat st but show Aad Alrionation, ray The U yatta pavg matetak 4 hould ha, facies fe. rember q tah , Faure weariog course: fatluce meaning COura, Cer Phewwed unt tack proper 3 Guuproper radia. met 8g ake , bhadequate, Bader cortent and tafertor te il bt ty fade La ow poor belamiaous neg: ate A. cleston aspect, te bfturrinous conctau~ “ Ye a contol, ate over ov nds aaa btadur me botw grally dames ito Hu rs povieg dix fulusding lempaatins con Volatilization and oaidalion baer alo vadke (he pane phe Es sien and enaaleig The ain mare 3 ie enact allows Atta Locate ed Distrewes iw B&iwrwinous Faves & Multa of igtatin Pe hole: Gumrat duscrigtiion : ee hotu are smal bool roles dovebepd Om th g, fob. prwnintis Glu. Raver. Toxtion pot bolts ts (ta rnast commen Ey pe destarms Ov that ausbtop 4 iw ble paverrunts vot th pow seme aag , at vce rdolabid Locations. a Raven ano comtauclid in dt bervatay worth vo topo & environme e wl be ae r Pe ton om sok aba aia aw Or undune Bu gavernent oy wet hin Hannes fae: Gu due ci tmey ttn, luo ior duwelop a4 spot, Or tread bo o.ppieg q trtumen bindu wom vie aggregate 7s Sw dommnaalon eo pot hols. . be ome Csolatid weale” podecla bn yn pave or) dus. 16 fradequodt compauivow Or pres et some weak wmatertal denied comtauden ot Mae Locotiens. Asmat potion q tt. material may at detatled from the pavemenle puacs be su weale 4po forrniog a. pots hole.mad gasp one Magte unattended, both the ptr and ttux pot-holis Ercvease dk a raptd Aalt, develope ot oles, dun bo te combined attiow at aan sak pa be shal oe en. tty possible time gay lpot- hate es formed , ey Wa main i — Causes: nnn! The most commen caum for dclepmumt 4 pot -holer che Gud up as ” hpleon waker Ou tu paverent surface at Loco sn fe Eva. cross dope and “pe 7 4 bitumen bincker from Che bes, Ls Craven 4 voatey ilo ba pavement Thoough. the aud tt Mlrouldens a tiie pavement tage Loe Onc te agqugats Or Tn ale Coura qin (205 LS lak bond between the betiimiaous bax chur below du te Ompr? per app’ on prow Coat audloy bark coat. { Ls Cusco belumen conte at some Location on Me \ Couree, psy ation g betumiaous mix du rads SO sop poumrable due an td ecb Ine ogginegala ak came Locakions > Presemer gaat of a Min pavernenl is ak some 4 vcatxo., 4 tr sd oy at ha eae we qe ey.Remedial Measure: The steps favollud Cir proper patching af pot holes Oe O4 AoWows - Ls, ing a Arch Of 422, around thy polk Nig one yap ane oS ing Aaouna br Pot-hale arra to Acecbang wor cal. upto mani mim Lepsth Vey the enastiog fot hotre and ae 09g . Ks Chawing and aumovi alt ivr. materiah & dust, [> Apptication @ tack. Austable béumncaous binder at Ba bottom, al vat ehges qe cuk pot-hots, Pag a hp & Rew the Prepoaid pot-hok with a denn bilirnirous P An, OMOmatt om Opun quate premix, and. Seal coat alm led, LL loumpaction q fis pakdud mix viieg a suttall volley und ichving? Lover with bu adfoial pavement ee, > Gpeneig fey VR. ic agths th predenbel Cur ports. dupe ow Ua’ tape Qf witae aud Dadar Med for patting, 9 Barty: Ly On sone road stacks wet Prumisid bituminous aung, Progrustve disintigrabion g Ohi su pea ead ee Arn inl jatiog! to beck ocund ftumen bindlr faliiag’ to btad Haw og 5 Onin resutty “ow Hy oggagoten Mh aug qtr Ghodeatty Looamed fom tu Suyace 4 Wovitg An \ Astrem &s call ‘ “ys Hus type "ey Paw’ novllng'# RaveLuceg may caund due. te One Or@ qotiaun exvors (hat couldhave occrernd troy Contact bw. Procens q Sha. betiminour pavernont cobeaat &S “foto dustin vot weather conditions tract WProper Coat binder or At waded toe ggg ty bitumen hol fia bttminaus mix has coblect down ee nel ace cus by feodeguots Oterren Ca Heper gnece te enin ie aig ad ane pea Pe ae raf atetintcons mia, Peeoctiot Measures: At te tate ah 4 Aaweliag thu Aowdial measure Or treabment ts ana acnptb Cla AlEps aru Ly The sua es cle, ko Asmave loose poate & Auat- DN susk te Uqutcl seal coat: Or “slurry seal" cs applica on are. wo ray has Progress more, tha aemucial rreaau comnts ta Ss enon Roose sg qua aad ty rcaty tavk Coat Rese ot a sed p : x 4 Agere3), & loge Cdimet ae ral note tu pan’ ak Cl paths Ned pu 7 nd clue to ea f tet te some vohul wat Loads alo 7 aS hon Queoverable Or permanent thr pavernunt layers nelurcluing subgrade One oA more pavernimt Lh. “oh VOrkOUs Came ing mary by, surmed. up ow jotows: 4 mating “” Couses * noes vole sterbrlily Lgl tage ee ee Or ‘dee cow. a l-> Ms ual Compacti shape oramy J tt. pavemt Oa vertical Mace) or the sub Bb cation, Or durian 4 eu VX, Ls Tua nde, te qletbl pavement Or vowae Pavemunrt saute, > tomudiat ircasures: 4 inadequate Chickrua aa Prement Ataucture ts ruled Out bad Ov On size, aud hope aus and con duck Paeiabar ere Holy the al meakure &s 4 & a Cleat gaa = typtcadova 4 Ue coat oe Mu rnuts. bs Felttag the “3 Usiog ether a gnadsd Kt minous vateOr Open qraclid PAL-rrte fellowes Sa coat. Ls Com tivo L> 9, t ted nous nvenasig couvxe Le Athiwre qrot aaa qualia 4 wore. pavewnunt a fs Sndteatid ancl 4 Ain % no ewtdurce aature 4p have occured Lan the subir up thy Aut aa mentione a abou, chet Ne a tum Riiriaous a.tiag > ae pe wilh Qn oat tccknon, | eo ts Clear evil hear dodlure subav ~ae co subsiclonce oka heh wl perende, we ae ot cians hs tn bead Soe Aekarkd tov! int tin remedfal measure La ae ve tia powumenk 4 ake : Coin ena * Shallow undulations fe Applio a Cormuciations gq Opth upto 5m ned On thu, bili usa eee tr road Or wPvaa @ in Lew oie vera npplis ™ be ee aut 0 to 3m inkowals, Sur Smale ob Anat th ts Conpiacd to ty betumivous ougate COUN AL only ond as the bor, coma fs not aeetecCauses: wwe LsiGxew binder content fx tla détiiminous mor. US Reem propodlion, 4 ian ow ta Mor. mew Gael qi ves aly wrt the emperors 4 Cs. oO; Use op Smooth teakured Or Adumced qrauel Lesa geht iw tae wit. Lo aes undulations cur te tmpropet whe tlye LoThe osettctrey and Aap ar el coud by We Pe Comat Aone Reeds Measures: ate tom ay hoy Cao Bien a. with covrugatrons, te cay ot ln te ig Sef portion, alike ae) base Cura riley ver coubaut the tevtal app bid oe Coat & sae. coat amollaur gl de Lath using @ mechawical paver, onlay Gx ter con thick betuminous sy with, Co tte Apots mroyy de cut Oting td cil Spreas or Vitog QS mil mathine, @ ing CoubAc tee ict te tl a pa : Ede Breaky: emural: The Kote. from Hu earth abrouldews abi Pavewenl HD, ad evodid te Pavemmte el Aux do, vopil on ey Suggoue wake duaieg, heawy vOknA.(y . The hott eroston vtll eo more near the pavement edges fpeeteg Zs wi tation el 4A oe chou Reads to tin J vn ekg tomato ea euler —— ete oe aud 0 Soe ee Bah Met od ape 9 Aus ko tnackgquolt "etiatsaqpove t , pave fds ah cates her ocd adlaatatera dee, o to pave ee oe fsssiot Measuve portion, o te pavemmdl vee calla ee! mM Cqudee - width & clepth “dy the ta, poor tule ae Aawoved, The joraiha eat. ichsutten arr alo stultaneo a! ed toy Ha duscred width, t cuit te wr rolls and pani machine Urat arr to de used or Ve beats 4 Pavewunt. aud tt shoulders. The paw \ aud te Chonldrer on oa tat, veg ppp’ tate materia & Compacbed Cu du be prevent ALO rrence “ae erosion. tre Shoulders, % es duty to make vee 4 onbenit Boll At abdlesotvon, on ue. Whe piatshed faa! slope th routers / b& tepe Ore per cent? thom. fits the pavernen © 9aah the hrowldura he Ba pa E edges ae = by vebicularProyee duatag hea E « fo, thes duinable to provide “ pawed arouldiva’ der the Puguicsd oot, 4d Cvackeng* cs de eatsting betuminouns Pavenunt Jace that has Clevelopped ratemmve Cracks which arr tatercodnerted or rning a number 4 bloeks, thn crack Potten recembluy ay lei x aoe alligator ; uth, Crowle pattem thy Pave rt 4, Ot called * alttoatay Cracking’ ot crackiag’, te nln aan Q lat pavement onde A gevew dood on bo a Or sta bilite tal penne étruckure’, Mie in Dest 2 ella CaM On pornme. Ripeatid appli what Xwads On uth weak. Pavements welt least bo daualopant cranks im tha pavene Pm Bapate 5 ey bls Weak eat paw fs net al ne Ita beatash Hoh Wal % 490n as Fak tial vvacks one “obser > thr Crakk wet : inter Connected ancl gor ada: bboy Cracks. The Auelop ator cvarkind on be lube nous Oe COU Bn On neat “ati eflure’ al easure Once entenstve. akor Chae, Fane cluvetaprd On Che betiomiaoers & & AOad Mere ee es toy lak to by c K Atiog O Kentlay meaurey for : e) crack “caling ss Canteot Our Sell axvotinn betamanow dover for cg meng & Lotd , ‘aaphebion, cracks’ an ML te duo soon© Or Hiro re ee me Overlay will CCS Rating «This ts becaue tu atld'hayer vith f vhtL aArrnaim asa weak Layer, band wie belwe Ln tr bas Wurm and thr Overlays CThesnpons 5 Be cnglarn should by to uhabrtlot ta pavernink, Gis aot dyttabt te rekaim Ta, Pitiminodk pavement - vobiich has cuvebopeat excken Ave allBoalay eva.cking . Ae tly bituminous Paw ones loyer weth Gookenave. Cvatks €4 vomond, MR Chowk desttrbing Ue dar coum unden » Ober A, bath aso tuminous biadwy course and ace! opryfirg tha pricey coat amd lor, additional 4 ing mt ng ieee Oe dunganiag the Orta thi cknwy ae) ‘orack artowding’ ow sul as aruthable geo- errata tee, be and a be tumivous “a font abeds” sou Be fLts essectiat bo qk. Svetouy exput! advice from a dpectalist defor reworks opppak; alr “Pets duivobl, fo woak out alalw Cfononnice bebween btn conventional approach mentioned j-bove and the Ma Go gntitic legen