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WEEK 8. UNDERSTANDING LOGICAL FALLACIES

Week 8. Understanding logical fallacies

Anarbayeva Daneliya
M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University
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WEEK 8. UNDERSTANDING LOGICAL FALLACIES
1. Personal attack: Arguer attacks the character of another arguer.

How can you argue your case for LGBTQ+ community when you are
queerbaiting?

2. Attacking the motive: Arguer attacks the motive of another arguer.

Person 1: I believe that abortion should be illegal.

Person 2: You want abortion to be illegal so that you can control women's
bodies and relegate them to a societal role of breeder; we can't have that -
therefore abortion must be legal.

3. Look who’s talking: Arguer attacks the hypocrisy of another arguer.

Person 1: I think that being late is not tactful, a person should have time
management.
Person 2: Look who’s talking! Aren’t you the one who is always late?

4. Two wrongs make a right: Arguer tries to justify a wrong by citing

another wrong.

Everyone throws garbage outside, so if I throw it out too, it's not a big
deal.

5. Scare tactics: Arguer threatens a reader or listener.

If you don't believe in God, you will burn in hell!

6. Appeal to pity: Arguer tries to evoke pity from a reader or listener.

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WEEK 8. UNDERSTANDING LOGICAL FALLACIES

If you do not let me pass this course, I will lose my grant.

7. Bandwagon argument: Arguer appeals to a reader’s or listener’s desire to

be accepted or valued.

I will vote for this candidate because everyone seems to vote for him.

8. Straw man: Arguer misrepresents an opponent’s position.

Person 1: Because of the thefts in our building, I think we should add

more security cameras.

Person 2: So you’re saying you don’t trust your neighbors?

9. Red herring: Arguer tries to distract the attention of the audience by

raising an irrelevant issue.

Personon 1: It’s really hard to make a living on my salary.

Person 2: Consider yourself lucky. I earn half as much as you and feed
my family.
10.Equivocation: Arguer uses a key word in two or more different senses.

An elephant is an animal. A gray elephant is a gray animal. Therefore, a

small elephant is a small animal.

11.Begging the question: Arguer assumes the point to be proven.

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WEEK 8. UNDERSTANDING LOGICAL FALLACIES
I'm sure God exists because the Bible says so. And the Bible contains the word
of God.
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WEEK 8. UNDERSTANDING LOGICAL FALLACIES
References

Kramer L. (2022). What Is a Straw Man Argument? Definition and Examples.

https://www.grammarly.com/blog/straw-man-fallacy/

Kwan M. (2018). Begging the Question Fallacy Examples.

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/reference/examples/begging-the-
question-fallacy-examples.html

Mark. (2019). Assigning a motive and then attacking the motive.

https://www.logicallyfallacious.com/questions/VbGZmXll/
assigning_a_motive_and_then_attacking_the_motive.html