Professional Documents
Culture Documents
AMZN-USA
Overview
05 Overview
Valuation
19 Valuation
Profitability
23 Profitability
Statement Analysis
29 Statement Analysis
M&A
33 M&A
Company Overview
35 Supply Chain
74 Event Calendar
StreetAccount
76 Amazon.com said to be developing new POS system -- Business Insider ($3521.84, +12.55)
77 Amazon planning to launch its own branded TV in the US as soon as October - Business Insider ($3463.12, 0.00)
78 Amazon to take proactive approach to remove more content that violates cloud service policies - Reuters ($3463.12, 0.00)
Transcripts
Investor Slides
Broker Research
119 Thursday's Analysis + The ECB and the Keymaster (Stock Traders Daily) 9 pages
128 Wednesday's Analysis + SPS has begun to trigger (Stock Traders Daily) 9 pages
Overview
Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) $3,525.50 Next Rpt Date: 28 Oct '21 Report as of 09 Sep '21
Profile
Amazon.com, Inc. engages in the provision of online retail shopping services. It operates through the following business segments:
North America, International, and Amazon Web Services (AWS). The North America segment includes retail sales of consumer
products and subscriptions through North America-focused websites such as www.amazon.com and www.amazon.ca. The
International segment offers retail sales of consumer products and subscriptions through internationally-focused websites. The
Amazon Web Services segment involves in the global sales of compute, storage, database, and AWS service offerings for start-ups,
enterprises, government agencies, and academic institutions. The company was founded by Jeffrey P. Bezos in July 1994 and is
headquartered in Seattle, WA.
$3,525.50
YTD 8.2%
3M 8.0%
1Y 11.9%
Beta 1.06
FY1 PE 66.2x
Key Items
Trading Information Valuation 5Y Trend Current vs. Ind vs. Bmrk
Current Price $3,525.50 P/E (LTM) 61.4 2.2 3.1
52 Wk Range $2,871.00 - 3,773.08 P/E (NTM) 55.9 2.0 3.0
Avg Daily Vol (3m) 3.29 (M)
P/Sales 4.1 2.8 2.1
Short Int (% of Float) 1.2%
P/Bk 15.5 1.7 5.8
P/CF 30.5 1.9 2.8
Key Statistics EV/EBITDA 30.8 1.8 2.1
Mkt Value (B) $1,841
EV/Sales 4.1 2.7 1.7
Ent Value (B) $1,802
Basic Shares (M) 506.4 Profitability (%) 10Y Trend LTM Ind Bmrk
Dividend (Ann) $0.00 Gross Margin 40.7 27.4 26.4
Div Yld 0.0% EBITDA Margin 13.3 9.1 17.3
EBIT Margin 6.6 6.3 11.1
Event Calendar
Enterprise Value
Fiscal Date Jun '21 Mar '21 Dec '20 Sep '20 Jun '20
Basic Market Capitalization 1,740,721.0 1,559,416.3 1,638,235.8 1,580,662.5 1,382,168.8
Diluted Market Capitalization 54,010.5 44,864.2 49,505.3 51,639.2 44,692.9
ITM Convertible Debt - - - - -
ITM Convertible Preferred - - - - -
Stock Compensation 54,010.5 44,864.2 49,505.3 51,639.2 44,692.9
Fully Diluted Market Capitalization 1,794,731.5 1,604,280.5 1,687,741.1 1,632,301.6 1,426,861.7
ST Debt Total 1,155.0 1,156.0 1,155.0 155.0 1,154.0
Net LT Debt Total 50,279.0 31,868.0 31,816.0 32,929.0 33,128.0
Total Debt 51,434.0 33,024.0 32,971.0 33,084.0 34,282.0
Market Capitalization 1,794,731.5 1,604,280.5 1,687,741.1 1,632,301.6 1,426,861.7
+ Total Debt 51,434.0 33,024.0 32,971.0 33,084.0 34,282.0
- ITM Convertible Debt - - - - -
- Cash Equivalents 90,159.0 73,569.0 84,653.0 68,677.0 71,769.0
+ Total Preferred - - - - -
- ITM Convertible Preferred - - - - -
- Invest. in Unconsold. Subs. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
+ Non-Controlling Interest 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
+ Pension Liabilities - - - - -
Enterprise Value 1,756,006.5 1,563,735.5 1,636,059.1 1,596,708.6 1,389,374.7
All figures in millions of USD. Source: FactSet Equity Capital Structure, FactSet DCS, FactSet Fundamentals
Revenue & Expenses 10Y Trend Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
Sales 135.987 177.866 232.887 280.522 386.064
Merchandise Margin (%) - - - - -
Net Rental Expense 1.4 2.2 3.4 4.635 6.257
New/Relocated Store Expense - - - - -
Operating Lease Expense 1.4 2.2 3.4 4.635 6.257
Capital Expenditures -6.737 -11.955 -13.427 -16.861 -40.14
Key Statistics 10Y Trend Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
Same Store Sales (%) - - - - -
Domestic - - - - -
International - - - - -
Average Sales per Store - - - - -
Sales per Retail Sq. Ft. - - - - -
Floor Area Sq. Ft. (000's) - 21286 20073 20903 21988
Selling Space Sq. Ft. (000's) - - - - -
Store Information 10Y Trend Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
# Comparable Stores - - - - -
Average Store Size - - - - -
# Beginning Stores - - 472 527 571
# Ending Stores - 472 527 571 618
Key Estimates
Earnings Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Jun '21 Sep '21E Dec '21E Mar '22E
EPS - GAAP 41.83 53.24 67.51 15.12 9.05 12.70 17.09
Growth (%) 81.8 27.3 26.8 46.8 -26.9 -9.8 8.2
EPS - Non GAAP 41.83 58.03 74.73 15.13 13.13 16.13 19.29
Growth (%) 81.8 38.7 28.8 46.9 6.2 14.4 22.1
Industry Metrics Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Jun '21 Sep '21E Dec '21E Mar '22E
Same Store Sales - - - - - - -
Net Sales per Retail Sq. Ft. - - - - - - -
Selling Space Sq. Ft. (Gross) - - - - - - -
# Stores at Period End - - - - - - -
Income Statement (B) Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Jun '21 Sep '21E Dec '21E Mar '22E
Sales 386.1 476.2 563.6 113.1 111.7 143.0 125.5
Growth (%) 37.6 23.3 18.4 27.2 16.2 13.9 15.6
EBITDA 57.3 72.6 90.9 19.3 16.4 19.4 21.7
Growth (%) 32.5 26.7 25.2 34.2 9.4 16.9 15.9
Operating Income 22.9 30.4 42.8 7.7 5.7 8.2 11.0
Growth (%) 57.5 32.7 40.9 31.8 -8.6 19.4 24.3
Net Income 21.3 27.2 35.4 7.8 4.8 6.8 9.1
Growth (%) 84.1 27.7 29.9 48.4 -24.2 -5.3 12.6
Corporate Information
Ownership Summary
FLOAT 86.4%
Shares Out 506,441,000
Short Interest 5,094,460
INSIDER 13.6%
Inst. Ownership 59.7%
North American 49.3%
Non-North American 10.3%
Inst Ownership as % of Float 69.1%
Top 10 Inst. Holders 23.4%
Institutions Position (000) % O/S % Port 3M Chg (000) Mkt Value (USD)
The Vanguard Group, Inc. 30,907 6.1 2.2 371 107,497,000,000
BlackRock Fund Advisors 17,565 3.5 2.0 -593 61,090,700,000
T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (Inves... 16,174 3.2 4.7 538 56,253,200,000
SSgA Funds Management, Inc. 15,963 3.2 2.7 9 55,521,500,000
Fidelity Management & Research Co. LLC 14,593 2.9 3.5 -114 50,756,700,000
Geode Capital Management LLC 6,749 1.3 2.6 289 23,474,600,000
Northern Trust Investments, Inc.(Inve... 4,840 1.0 2.7 -74 16,834,900,000
Norges Bank Investment Management 4,581 0.9 1.6 0 15,931,500,000
Capital Research & Management Co. (Gl... 3,732 0.7 2.2 -220 12,980,800,000
Capital Research & Management Co. (In... 3,332 0.7 2.4 212 11,588,300,000
Capital Research & Management Co. (Wo... 3,253 0.6 1.2 107 11,315,000,000
BlackRock Investment Management (UK) ... 3,185 0.6 1.8 97 11,078,800,000
Insiders Position (000) % O/S % Port 3M Chg (000) Mkt Value (USD)
BEZOS JEFFREY PRESTON 51,142 10.1 100.0 -2,068 177,873,000,000
BEZOS MACKENZIE T 17,404 3.4 100.0 0 60,532,800,000
Wellcome Trust Ltd. (Direct Investments) 177 0.0 5.1 27 616,700,000
JASSY ANDREW R 91 0.0 100.0 4 315,115,000
WILKE JEFFREY A 49 0.0 100.0 0 169,931,000
FY Ending Guidance # of Ests Mean Low High Std Dev 3 Mo. Rev
Dec '20 - - 41.83 - - -
Dec '21E - 47 53.24 44.66 63.50 4.26
Dec '22E - 47 67.51 42.96 89.43 8.66
Dec '23E - 26 92.34 67.88 127.06 12.74
Latest 12 Mo. - - 15.12 15.12 15.12 -
Next 12 Mo. - - 63.10 43.49 81.40 -
FQ Ending Guidance # of Ests Mean Low High Std Dev 3 Mo. Rev
Jun '21 - - 15.12 - - -
Sep '21E - 41 9.05 5.25 13.43 1.82
Dec '21E - 40 12.70 7.22 17.56 2.50
Mar '22E - 22 17.09 12.57 24.05 3.04
Jun '22E - 22 16.78 13.64 21.32 1.80
Sep '22E - 20 15.12 8.82 19.88 2.43
Dec '22E - 20 18.82 11.35 27.46 3.78
Mar '23E - 3 24.13 22.51 26.32 1.97
Jun '23E - 3 23.83 23.69 23.98 0.14
Actuals 10Y Trend Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E Dec '24E
Sales 386.1 476.2 563.6 657.3 742.4
Online Stores 197.3 238.1 272.7 290.5 290.8
Third-Party Seller Services 80.4 104.7 128.1 156.3 160.4
AWS 45.4 60.3 76.6 94.3 115.6
Subscription Services 25.2 32.1 38.6 44.7 49.7
Other 21.5 33.6 44.1 55.3 66.2
Physical Stores 16.2 16.5 17.2 17.7 17.5
Whole Foods 16.2 16.6 16.7 16.9 17.0
Advertising - 31.1 40.3 54.9 -
Growth (%) 10Y Trend Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E Dec '24E
Sales 37.6 23.3 18.4 16.6 13.0
Online Stores 39.7 20.6 14.6 6.5 0.1
Third-Party Seller Services 49.6 30.1 22.4 22.0 2.6
AWS 29.5 32.9 27.0 23.1 22.5
Subscription Services 31.2 27.2 20.4 15.7 11.2
Other 52.5 56.5 31.3 25.3 19.6
Physical Stores -5.6 1.6 4.2 3.0 -1.1
Whole Foods -5.6 2.1 1.0 0.9 0.8
Advertising - - 29.6 36.1 -
Guidance History
Estimate Table
Sales (B)
FY Ending Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E
Q1 (Mar) 22.7 29.1 35.7 51.0 59.7 75.5 108.5 125.5 145.7
Q2 (Jun) 23.2 30.4 38.0 52.9 63.4 88.9 113.1 133.2 152.9
Q3 (Sep) 25.4 32.7 43.7 56.6 70.0 96.1 111.7 136.3 156.2
Q4 (Dec) 35.7 43.7 60.5 72.4 87.4 125.6 143.0 172.8 189.9
Fiscal Year 107.0 136.0 177.9 232.9 280.5 386.1 476.2 563.6 657.3
EV/Sales (x) 3.0 2.6 3.3 3.3 3.4 4.3 3.9 3.3 2.8
CY Ending Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E
Cal. Year 107.0 136.0 177.9 232.9 280.5 386.1 476.2 563.6 657.3
EV/Sales (x) 3.0 2.6 3.3 3.3 3.4 4.3 3.9 3.3 2.8
Growth (YoY%)
FY Ending Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E
Q1 (Mar) 15.1 28.2 22.6 42.9 17.0 26.4 43.8 15.6 16.1
Q2 (Jun) 19.9 31.1 24.8 39.3 19.9 40.2 27.2 17.8 14.8
Q3 (Sep) 23.2 29.0 33.7 29.3 23.7 37.4 16.2 22.0 14.6
Q4 (Dec) 21.9 22.4 38.2 19.7 20.8 43.6 13.9 20.9 9.9
Fiscal Year 20.2 27.1 30.8 30.9 20.5 37.6 23.3 18.4 16.6
CY Ending Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E
Cal. Year 20.2 27.1 30.8 30.9 20.5 37.6 23.3 18.4 16.6
Estimate Table
EPS
FY Ending Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E
Q1 (Mar) -0.12 1.07 1.48 3.27 7.09 5.01 15.79 17.09 24.13
Q2 (Jun) 0.19 1.78 0.40 5.07 5.22 10.30 15.12 16.78 23.83
Q3 (Sep) 0.17 0.52 0.52 5.75 4.23 12.37 9.05 15.12 22.07
Q4 (Dec) 1.00 1.54 2.16 6.04 6.47 14.09 12.70 18.82 27.06
Fiscal Year 1.25 4.90 4.56 20.14 23.01 41.83 53.24 67.51 92.34
P/E (x) 540.7 153.0 256.5 74.6 80.3 77.9 66.2 52.2 38.2
CY Ending Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E
Cal. Year 1.25 4.90 4.56 20.14 23.01 41.83 53.24 67.51 92.34
P/E (x) 540.7 153.0 256.5 74.6 80.3 77.9 66.2 52.2 38.2
Growth (YoY%)
FY Ending Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E
Q1 (Mar) -152.2 - 38.3 120.9 116.8 -29.3 215.2 8.2 41.2
Q2 (Jun) - 836.8 -77.5 1,167.5 3.0 97.3 46.8 11.0 42.0
Q3 (Sep) - 205.9 0.0 1,005.8 -26.4 192.4 -26.9 67.2 46.0
Q4 (Dec) 122.2 54.0 40.2 179.7 7.1 117.8 -9.8 48.1 43.8
Fiscal Year - 292.0 -7.0 341.7 14.3 81.8 27.3 26.8 36.8
CY Ending Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E
Cal. Year - 292.0 -7.0 341.7 14.3 81.8 27.3 26.8 36.8
Valuation Summary
Valuation 5Y Trend Current 5Y High 5Y Low 5Y Avg vs. Ind vs. Bmrk
P/E LTM 61.4 388.0 59.9 148.5 2.2 2.6
P/E NTM 55.9 171.8 49.0 87.5 2.0 2.5
P/Sales 4.1 6.0 2.8 4.0 2.8 1.4
P/Sales NTM 3.3 4.4 2.1 3.0 2.4 1.3
P/Bk 15.5 31.2 13.0 21.1 1.7 3.6
P/Bk NTM 10.2 20.8 8.5 13.9 1.4 2.5
P/CF 30.5 55.3 21.3 31.5 1.9 1.9
P/CF NTM 21.6 32.4 15.6 22.4 1.2 1.3
EV/EBITDA 30.8 62.2 25.8 38.6 1.8 1.6
EV/EBITDA NTM 19.9 32.0 15.6 20.3 1.4 1.3
EV/Sales 4.1 6.0 2.7 4.0 2.7 1.2
EV/Sales NTM 3.4 4.5 2.1 3.0 2.4 1.1
Charter
Amazon.com Alphabet A News A Microsoft Communications A Alibaba Group Holding
(AMZN) (GOOGL) (NWSA) (MSFT) (CHTR) (9988-HK)
P/E LTM 61.4 31.2 39.7 37.3 42.5 20.2
P/E NTM 55.9 27.1 29.6 33.3 29.7 15.8
PEG NTM 1.8 1.6 - 2.3 0.8 0.7
P/Sales 4.1 8.9 1.4 13.6 3.2 3.9
P/Bk 15.5 8.1 1.6 15.9 7.6 3.0
P/CF 30.5 24.2 10.5 29.7 10.2 13.5
EV/EBITDA 30.8 23.9 10.9 27.3 12.5 21.8
EV/Sales 4.1 8.2 1.6 13.1 4.8 3.6
Div Yld 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.7 0.0 0.0
Price to Earnings
Valuation Multiples
Financial Valuation Ratios Dec '20A Jun '21LTM Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E Dec '24E
EV/Sales 4.60 4.01 3.73 3.15 2.70 2.39
EV/EBITDA 44.91 30.16 24.49 19.55 15.73 12.57
EV/EBIT 77.87 60.76 58.47 41.49 29.95 22.94
EBITDA/Interest Expense 24.03 35.16 41.69 44.95 60.31 68.81
EBIT/Interest Expense 13.86 17.45 17.46 21.18 31.68 37.71
EBITDA-CapEx/Interest Expense -0.34 3.99 14.09 23.15 35.21 43.88
Total Debt/EBITDA 2.54 2.08 - - - -
Total Debt/EV 0.06 0.07 0.03 0.03 0.03 -
Price to Earnings 83.16 60.62 65.32 51.52 37.66 28.41
Financial Summary Dec '20A Jun '21LTM Dec '21E Dec '22E Dec '23E Dec '24E
Revenue 386.06 443.30 476.18 563.61 657.30 742.44
Gross Income 152.76 180.33 197.32 236.97 279.67 316.98
EBITDA 39,572.0 58,936.0 72,574.0 90,897.0 112,996.0 141,363.0
EBIT 22.82 29.25 30.40 42.84 59.35 77.46
Net Income 21,331.0 29,438.0 27,242.8 35,379.5 49,169.2 65,114.2
Profitability Ratios
Profitability (%) 10Y Trend Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
Gross Margin 33.0 35.1 37.1 40.2 41.0 39.6
Operating Margin 2.2 3.2 2.4 5.5 5.3 5.9
Pretax Margin 1.5 2.9 2.1 4.8 5.0 6.3
Net Margin 0.6 1.7 1.7 4.3 4.1 5.5
ROA 1.0 3.1 2.8 6.9 6.0 7.8
ROE 4.9 14.5 12.9 28.3 21.9 27.4
ROTC 8.3 12.3 7.7 15.4 12.7 13.7
ROIC 2.3 7.6 6.1 13.5 11.1 14.1
Efficiency 10Y Trend Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
Revenue/Employee (000) 463.6 398.3 314.3 359.7 351.5 297.4
Net Income/Employee (000) 2.6 6.9 5.4 15.6 14.5 16.4
Receivables Turnover (x) 18.9 19.6 18.2 16.6 15.3 17.2
Days of Sales Outstanding 19.3 18.6 20.1 22.0 23.9 21.2
Inventory Turnover (x) 7.7 8.1 8.1 8.4 8.8 10.5
Days of Inventory on Hand 47.2 44.9 44.8 43.6 41.5 34.6
Payables Turnover (x) 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0
Days of Payables Outstanding 91.4 93.2 93.9 94.7 92.3 92.3
Total Asset Turnover (x) 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2
Working Capital Turnover (x) 41.6 69.2 76.9 34.7 32.9 60.8
Charter
Amazon.com Alphabet A News A Microsoft Communications A Alibaba Group
(AMZN) (GOOGL) (NWSA) (MSFT) (CHTR) Holding (9988-HK)
Gross Margin (%) 39.6 53.5 41.1 68.9 36.0 39.8
Operating Margin (%) 5.9 22.5 6.4 41.6 17.6 12.7
Net Margin (%) 5.5 22.1 3.5 36.5 6.7 21.0
ROA (%) 7.8 13.5 2.1 19.3 2.2 10.0
ROE (%) 27.4 19.0 4.2 47.1 11.7 17.7
Revenue/Employee (000) 297.4 1,348 389.9 928.7 500.5 3,262
Receivables Turnover (x) 17.2 6.2 6.6 4.8 21.7 13.8
Inventory Turnover (x) 10.5 98.1 18.3 23.1 - 20.0
Payables Turnover (x) 4.0 15.2 16.1 3.8 39.7 51.7
Credit Ratios
Liquidity Analysis 10Y Trend Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
Current Ratio 1.08 1.04 1.04 1.10 1.10 1.05
Quick Ratio 0.77 0.78 0.76 0.85 0.86 0.86
Cash Ratio 0.59 0.61 0.56 0.61 0.63 0.67
Credit Analysis 10Y Trend Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
Interest Coverage (EBITDA) 15.1 21.5 15.3 17.9 19.0 24.0
Interest Coverage (EBIT) 5.2 9.0 5.1 9.0 9.2 13.9
Fixed Chg Coverage 5.2 9.0 5.1 9.0 9.2 13.9
CFO/Int Exp 26.0 34.0 21.7 21.7 24.1 40.1
Total Debt/EBITDA 2.5 2.0 3.4 1.9 1.7 1.6
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.4 -0.6 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.4
Net Debt/(EBITDA-CapEx) -1.1 -1.7 11.6 0.6 1.6 -27.9
LT Debt/EBITDA 2.0 1.5 2.9 1.6 2.1 2.1
Total Debt/Total Equity 131.1 105.8 159.3 113.2 124.9 107.6
Total Debt/Total Capital 56.7 51.4 61.4 53.1 55.5 51.8
Total Debt/Total Assets 25.9 23.7 33.6 30.3 34.4 31.3
Net Debt/FFO -0.3 -0.5 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.3
LT Debt/FFO 1.5 1.2 2.0 1.3 1.5 1.6
FCF/Total Debt 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.3
CFO/Total Debt 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.7
CDS Curve
Charter
Amazon.com Alphabet A News A Microsoft Communications A Alibaba Group
(AMZN) (GOOGL) (NWSA) (MSFT) (CHTR) Holding (9988-HK)
Interest Coverage (EBIT) 13.9 116.3 16.3 29.8 2.2 20.4
Fixed Chg Coverage 13.9 116.3 16.3 29.8 2.2 20.4
CFO/Int Exp 40.1 482.4 33.4 32.7 3.8 51.8
Total Debt/EBITDA 1.6 0.3 1.6 0.9 4.6 1.1
Net Debt/EBITDA 0.4 -2.0 0.9 -0.6 4.6 -2.5
LT Debt/EBITDA 2.1 0.5 2.4 0.9 4.6 1.2
Total Debt/Total Equity 107.6 12.5 43.5 57.9 353.3 19.4
Total Debt/Total Capital 51.8 11.1 30.3 36.7 77.9 16.2
Total Debt/Total Assets 31.3 8.7 21.3 24.7 57.6 10.7
Dec '13 Dec '14 Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 LTM
Asset Turnover 2.01 1.82 1.73 1.77 1.64 1.58 1.45 1.41 1.43
x Operating Margin 1.2 0.3 2.2 3.2 2.4 5.5 5.3 5.9 6.6
x Interest Burden 0.59 -0.36 0.65 0.89 0.88 0.89 0.95 1.06 1.14
x Tax Burden 0.54 2.17 0.38 0.61 0.80 0.89 0.83 0.88 0.88
= ROA 0.7 -0.5 1.0 3.1 2.8 6.9 6.0 7.8 9.5
x Equity Leverage 4.12 4.77 5.14 4.71 4.62 4.13 3.67 3.51 3.28
= ROE 3.1 -2.4 4.9 14.5 12.9 28.3 21.9 27.4 31.2
x Earnings Retention 100.0 - 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
= Reinvestment Rate 3.1 -2.4 4.9 14.5 12.9 28.3 21.9 27.4 31.2
Charter
Amazon.com Alphabet A News A Microsoft Communications A Alibaba Group
(AMZN) (GOOGL) (NWSA) (MSFT) (CHTR) Holding (9988-HK)
Asset Turnover 1.4 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5
x Operating Margin 5.9 22.5 6.4 41.6 17.6 12.7
x Interest Burden 1.1 1.2 0.7 1.0 0.5 1.8
x Tax Burden 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.9
= ROA 7.8 13.5 2.1 19.3 2.2 10.0
x Equity Leverage 3.5 1.4 2.0 2.4 5.4 1.8
= ROE 27.4 19.0 4.2 47.1 11.7 17.7
x Earnings Retention 100.0 100.0 64.0 72.2 100.0 100.0
= Reinvestment Rate 27.4 19.0 2.1 34.4 11.7 17.7
Financial Statement
Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 LTM 10Y Trend 5Y CAGR 10Y CAGR
Sales/Revenues 177.9 232.9 280.5 386.1 443.3 29.3% 27.4%
COGS incl. D&A 111.9 139.2 165.5 233.3 263.0 26.6% 24.3%
Gross Inc 65.9 93.7 115.0 152.8 180.3 34.0% 34.9%
SG&A 61.6 81.0 100.2 129.9 151.1 31.6% 35.7%
Other Oper Expense 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
EBIT(Operating Income) 4.3 12.7 14.7 22.8 29.2 56.9% 31.2%
Nonop Inc (Exp) - Net 0.2 0.1 0.8 1.5 4.5 - 51.2%
Interest Expense 0.8 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 29.1% 45.4%
Unusual Exp (Inc) - Net -0.1 0.1 -0.0 -1.5 -1.4 - -
Pretax Income 3.8 11.3 14.0 24.2 33.5 72.8% 32.1%
Income Taxes 0.8 1.2 2.4 2.9 4.2 24.7% 23.3%
Minority Interest 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
Net Income 3.0 10.1 11.6 21.3 29.4 104.5% 33.9%
EPS (recurring) 5.997 20.329 22.977 39.767 55.337 99.8% 31.7%
EPS (diluted) 6.150 20.146 22.992 41.826 57.379 101.8% 32.4%
EBITDA 13.0 25.3 30.5 39.6 58.9 41.6% 34.9%
Financial Statement
Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 10Y Trend 5Y CAGR 10Y CAGR
Curr Assets 45.8 60.2 75.1 96.3 132.7 29.5% 25.5%
Cash & ST Inv 26.6 32.3 41.7 55.3 84.7 33.3% 25.2%
Accounts Receivable 7.7 11.8 16.3 20.5 24.3 31.7% 32.7%
Inventories 11.5 16.0 17.2 20.5 23.8 18.4% 22.2%
Other Current Assets - - - - - - -
Curr Liabilities 43.8 57.9 68.4 87.8 126.4 30.1% 28.4%
STD & Curr Port LT Debt 5.2 6.2 9.5 14.3 16.1 36.8% 53.4%
Accounts Payable 25.3 34.6 38.2 47.2 72.5 28.9% 24.6%
Income Tax Payable - - - - - - -
Other Current Liabilities 13.3 17.0 20.7 26.3 37.7 30.1% 33.5%
Total Debt 20.4 44.1 49.3 77.5 100.5 41.8% 60.9%
Total Assets 86.0 131.3 162.6 225.2 321.2 36.5% 32.8%
Total Liabilities 66.7 103.6 119.1 163.2 227.8 33.2% 34.3%
Shrhldrs Equity 19.3 27.7 43.5 62.1 93.4 47.5% 29.8%
BVPS 40.430 57.250 88.695 124.618 185.694 45.6% 28.4%
Use of Cash
Cash and Liabilities Dec '15 Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
Cash and Short Term Investments 20,093 26,581 32,321 41,676 55,342 84,653
Share Repurchase 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dividends 0 0 0 0 0 0
Debt Servicing -4,694 -4,845 -7,219 -9,871 -13,939 -13,895
Net Change in Reporting Period Cash (FX adjusted) 1,333 3,444 1,188 10,317 4,237 5,967
Cash Flow Increases/Decreases 6,048 7,880 -8,537 19,771 15,833 8,100
Cash Received (Paid) from Debt Activity -4,341 -4,224 9,012 -9,103 -11,666 -2,751
Dividends Paid 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cash Received (Paid) from Change in Equity 0 0 0 0 0 0
Financial Statement
Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20 LTM 10Y Trend 5Y CAGR 10Y CAGR
Net Income 3,033 10,073 11,588 21,331 29,438 104.5% 33.9%
Deprec & Amort 10,933 15,341 21,789 25,251 29,687 34.9% 52.0%
Other Funds 4,670 5,911 6,779 6,555 5,284 16.6% 33.2%
Changes in Wk Cap -173 -1,043 -2,438 13,481 -6,149 39.4% 23.9%
Operating Cash Flow 18,434 30,723 38,514 66,064 59,323 40.8% 34.2%
Cap Ex -11,955 -13,427 -16,861 -40,140 -52,256 - -
Other Investing, Total -15,864 1,058 -7,420 -19,471 - - -
Investing Cash Flow -27,819 -12,369 -24,281 -59,611 -63,659 - -
Free Cash Flow 6,479 17,296 21,653 25,924 7,067 28.7% 26.3%
FCF/Share 13.142 34.592 42.962 50.831 13.749 27.0% 24.9%
FCF Yield (%) 1.1 2.3 2.3 1.6 0.4 -7.3% -6.5%
% of Net Income 213.6 171.7 186.9 121.5 24.0 -37.1% -5.7%
Cash Divs Pd 0 0 0 0 0 - -
Change in Capital Stock 0 0 0 0 0 - -
Iss/Red Debt 9,860 -7,686 -10,066 -1,104 6,246 - -
Financing Cash Flow 9,860 -7,686 -10,066 -1,104 6,246 - -
Net Change in Cash 1,188 10,317 4,237 5,967 2,825 35.0% 33.5%
Revenue & Expenses 10Y Trend Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
Sales 135.987 177.866 232.887 280.522 386.064
Merchandise Margin (%) - - - - -
Net Rental Expense 1.4 2.2 3.4 4.635 6.257
New/Relocated Store Expense - - - - -
Operating Lease Expense 1.4 2.2 3.4 4.635 6.257
Capital Expenditures -6.737 -11.955 -13.427 -16.861 -40.14
Key Statistics 10Y Trend Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
Same Store Sales (%) - - - - -
Domestic - - - - -
International - - - - -
Average Sales per Store - - - - -
Sales per Retail Sq. Ft. - - - - -
Floor Area Sq. Ft. (000's) - 21286 20073 20903 21988
Selling Space Sq. Ft. (000's) - - - - -
Store Information 10Y Trend Dec '16 Dec '17 Dec '18 Dec '19 Dec '20
# Comparable Stores - - - - -
Average Store Size - - - - -
# Beginning Stores - - 472 527 571
# Ending Stores - 472 527 571 618
Takeover Defense
Bullet Proof Rating
0.75
0 10
Strengths Weaknesses
The ability of shareholders to call special meetings is limited to 25% Action can be taken without a meeting by written consent
shareholders
Directors may be removed with or without cause
All vacancies on board are filled by remaining directors, including No poison pill in force
vacancies as a result of removal or an enlargement of the board
Board is authorized to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws without
shareholder approval
Cumulative voting is prohibited
Blank check preferred stock
Advance notice requirements for proposals/nomination
More
Alibaba
Alphabet Charter Group
Amazon.com A News A Microsoft Communications Holding
(AMZN) (GOOGL) (NWSA) (MSFT) A (CHTR) (9988-HK)
Bullet Proof Rating 0.8 1.8 5.2 1.2 1.2 4.0
Classified Board No No No No No Yes
S'holders Can't Call Meetings No No No No Yes No
No Action By Written Consent No Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Fair Price Provision No No No No No No
Supermajority for Mergers No No No No No Yes
Directors Removed w/ Cause No No Yes No No No
Supermajority to Remove No No No No No No
Poison Pill In Force No No Yes No No No
Relationship Overview
Rel Type Rel Rank Company Ctry Industry 1D Return 1W Return 2W Return 1M Return 3M Return 6M Return 1Y Return 5Y Return
Supplier,Cus 1 Arlo USA Electronic -1.93 -2.56 0.00 2.01 -12.61 -11.98 19.61 -
tomer,Partne Technologie Security
r s Equipment
Supplier,Cus 2 Telos USA Administrativ -1.12 3.39 5.33 20.27 -4.06 14.14 - -
tomer,Partne e Services
r
Supplier,Cus 3 GoDaddy A USA Internet 0.16 1.64 2.45 5.04 -7.35 4.14 -1.61 130.75
tomer,Partne Hosting
r Services
Supplier,Cus 4 Blue Prism GBR Enterprise -1.39 5.16 41.20 40.95 33.67 -4.60 -15.16 370.84
tomer,Partne Group Management
r Software
Supplier,Cus 5 Celsius USA Beverages 2.04 4.16 19.31 15.69 20.91 59.24 368.20 3,993.46
tomer,Partne Production
r
Supplier,Cus 6 Hasbro USA Other -2.10 -0.75 -0.34 0.12 2.50 2.23 29.33 38.27
tomer,Partne Leisure
r Goods
Supplier,Part 7 NVIDIA USA Specialized -1.43 -0.45 0.59 9.71 28.02 92.83 87.71 1,347.24
ner Semiconduct
ors
Supplier,Part 8 Equinix Inc USA Equity REITs 0.06 1.55 9.26 7.95 8.41 49.42 20.90 159.67
ner
Customer,Pa 9 PagerDuty USA Enterprise -2.06 5.28 12.58 8.65 18.37 35.21 93.53 -
rtner Management
Software
Supplier,Cus 10 iRobot USA Small -0.82 -1.67 -1.17 -4.65 -19.13 -30.27 14.37 103.68
tomer Appliances
and
Accessories
Manufacturin
g
Millions, Sources: FactSet Revere, FactSet Fundamentals, FactSet Prices, FactSet Mergerstat, FactSet Estimates, and the World Bank
2W TR 1M TR 3M TR 6M TR 1Y TR
Rel Type Rel Rank Company Ctry Industry 2W Corr. 1M Corr. 3M Corr. 6M Corr. 1Y Corr. Corr. Corr. Corr. Corr. Corr.
Supplier,C 1 Arlo USA Electronic 0.84 0.85 0.16 -0.34 -0.01 0.65 0.81 0.18 -0.35 -0.01
ustomer,P Technolog Security
artner ies Equipment
Supplier,C 2 Telos USA Administra 0.79 0.76 0.04 -0.22 - 0.73 0.78 0.07 -0.22 -
ustomer,P tive
artner Services
Supplier,C 3 GoDaddy USA Internet 0.69 0.86 0.65 0.59 0.52 0.67 0.87 0.66 0.57 0.51
ustomer,P A Hosting
artner Services
Supplier,C 4 Blue Prism GBR Enterprise 0.89 0.86 -0.05 -0.54 -0.55 0.88 0.88 -0.02 -0.52 -0.54
ustomer,P Group Managem
artner ent
Software
09 Sep '21
12:58a NVDA Supplier,Partner EU sets provisional deadline of 13-Oct to rule on
NVIDIA's acquisition of Arm(roughly 12:00
ET/01:00 JT/18:00 CET)) (¥7105.0000, -160)
07 Sep '21
12:26a NVDA Supplier,Partner NVIDIA running into opposition from EU over
acquisition of Arm - FT ($228.43, 0.00)
02 Sep '21
4:09p PD Customer,Partner PagerDuty reports Q2 EPS ($0.13) ex-items vs
FactSet ($0.15) [9 est, ($0.17)-(0.14)] ($44.25,
0.00)
01 Sep '21
10:31p EQIX Supplier,Partner Equinix completes acquisition of data centers in
India; deal was announced 10-Aug ($868.84, 0.00)
31 Aug '21
10:02a PRSM-GB Supplier,Customer,Partner Blue Prism Group confirms it is in discussions with
TPG Capital and Vista Equity Partners regarding
possible offers for the company's entire issued
27 Aug '21
12:19a NVDA Supplier,Partner EC to formally look into NVIDIA's acquisition of
Arm - FT ($220.68, 0.00)
20 Aug '21
8:32a CELH Supplier,Customer,Partner Celsius Holdings announces new board members;
names CEO John Fieldly as Chairman ($65.89,
0.00)
19 Aug '21
12:31a NVDA Supplier,Partner Nvidia CEO is confident that regulators will clear
planned acquisition of Arm - FT ($190.40, 0.00)
18 Aug '21
4:23p NVDA Supplier,Partner NVIDIA reports Q2 EPS $1.04 ex-items vs FactSet
$1.02 [37 est, $0.97-1.07] ($190.40, 0.00)
16 Aug '21
5:41p EQIX Supplier,Partner Elliott discloses material changes in holdings in
13F filing
4:22p TLS Supplier,Customer,Partner Telos Corp reports Q2 adjusted EPS $0.04 vs
FactSet $0.02 [6 est, ($0.02)-0.07] ($24.56, 0.00)
12 Aug '21
9:01a GDDY Supplier,Customer,Partner GoDaddy enters accelerated share repurchase
agreement with Goldman Sachs ($70.60, 0.00)
8:26a CELH Supplier,Customer,Partner Celsius Holdings reports Q2 GAAP EPS $0.05 vs
FactSet $0.02 [4 est, $0.01-0.04] - 10-Q ($77.81,
0.00)
11 Aug '21
2:05a GDDY Supplier,Customer,Partner Minds + Machines Group completes sale of assets
to GoDaddy Inc. affiliate Registry Services
(7.1000p, 0)
Upcoming Events
EPS Sales
Date Time Type Description Actual Mean Surprise(%) Actual Mean Surprise(%)
28 Oct '21 - Q3 2021 Earnings Release (Projected) - 9.05 - - 111,715 -
Past Events
EPS Sales
Date Time Type Description Actual Mean Surprise(%) Actual Mean Surprise(%)
29 Jul '21 05:30 PM Q2 2021 Earnings Call 15.1 12.2 23.6 113,080 115,421 -2.03
29 Apr '21 05:30 PM Q1 2021 Earnings Call 15.8 9.54 65.5 108,518 104,510 3.83
02 Feb '21 05:30 PM Q4 2020 Earnings Call 14.1 7.19 95.9 125,555 119,701 4.89
29 Oct '20 05:30 PM Q3 2020 Earnings Call 12.4 7.41 67.0 96,145 92,778 3.63
1
© 2021 Factset Research Systems Inc.
StreetAccount
Amazon.com said to be developing new POS system -- Business Insider ($3521.84, +12.55)
Wednesday, September 08, 2021 06:02:56 PM (GMT)
Article indicates the Amazon is developing the new point-of-sale system in order to attract merchants away from
Shopify (SHOP), Square (SQ), and Paypal (PYPL)
Reference Links:
Business Insider
Industries: Misc. Financial Services, Restaurants, Retail (Internet & Catalog), Computer & Internet Services, Office
Equipment, Software & Programming
Primary Identifiers: AMZN-US, FISV-US, LSPD-CA, NCR-US, PAR-US, PYPL-US, SHOP-US, SQ-US, 0FPTRK-E
Related Identifiers: AMZN-US, FISV-US, LSPD-CA, NCR-US, PAR-US, PYPL-US, SHOP-US, SQ-US, 0FPTRK-E
Subjects: Articles, Reports, Conjecture, Media Summaries, Published Reports
Amazon planning to launch its own branded TV in the US as soon as October - Business Insider ($3463.12,
0.00)
Thursday, September 02, 2021 11:47:08 PM (GMT)
Reference Links:
Business Insider
Citing sources familiar with the matter, the article reports that Amazon will hire a small group of people in the
AWS division over the coming months to develop expertise and work with outside researchers to monitor for
future threats
In a statement, AWS said that AWS Trust & Safety works to protect AWS customers, partners, and internet
users from bad actors attempting to use its services for abusive or illegal purposes, and when AWS Trust &
Safety is made aware of abusive or illegal behavior on AWS services, they act quickly to investigate and engage
with customers to take appropriate actions
A source notes that the new team within AWS does not plan to sift through the vast amounts of content hosted
by companies on the cloud, but rather will aim to get ahead of future threats, as it seeks to determine when
misinformation on a company's website reaches a scale that requires AWS action
Reference Links:
Reuters
Cover Story
The dangers of illiberalism
Discusses the threats of liberalism specifically in America following recent decisions made by the
Supreme Court as classical liberalism is called on to push for equitable process
Leaders:
American engagement with the Taliban
Following the recent removal of American presence in Afghanistan, the United States will have to
decide how to engage with the Taliban without having a physical presence
Delta variant putting pressure on global economies
The spreading of the Delta variant has slowed economic growth while raising inflation as
policymakers must decide the best way to combat the virus despite the apparent lack of care from
consumers compared to earlier in the pandemic (GPS, NKE)
Chinese firms struggling to repay debts
As Chinese firms have some of the highest levels of debt in the world, the Chinese government is
calling for better ways to restructure debt which could improve the efficiency of capital allocation in
the country (2799.HK, 3333.HK)
Business:
The future state of business meetings
With the Delta variant continuing to spread, more businesses have had to postpone office
reopening plans which has meant video calls/meetings will not be going anywhere as employees
push for hybrid meeting formats to remain (ZM, MSFT, FB, JPM, NOKIA.FH)
Rivian preparing for IPO
The high level of competition in the electric vehicle market looks set to continue as Rivian, a
maker of EVs, is seeking a valuation of over $70B and already preparing for business after the
firm's IPO (+RIVIAN, TSLA, AMZN, F, GOEV, ARVL)
Databricks growing in momentum and popularity
Databricks, a software maker, is pursuing plans for an IPO to rival the valuation of Snowflake
which could price the firm out of a potential rumored acquisition from Microsoft as the artificial
intelligence/business intelligence market becomes more saturated and competitive (SNOW,
ORCL, MSFT,CMCSA, ABN.NA, HM.B.SS, AMZN, GOOGL)
Chinese crackdown on video game industry
The video game industry became the latest recipient of regulatory crackdown as the Chinese
government is trying to establish anti-addiction rules for children under the age of 18 which could
see Chinese and Western firms struggle for new customers (700.HK, NTES, AAPL)
Finance and Economics:
Vietnamese economy seeing growth despite the pandemic
Despite the widespread effects of the pandemic, the economy of Vietnam grew in part due to
integration with global manufacturing as the World Bank predicts even greater growth in 2021 if the
country remains open to trade and investment (NKE, 005930.KS, VIC.VN, VHM.VN, +VINFAST)
Industries: Unspecified, Auto & Truck Manufacturers, Auto & Truck Parts, Footwear, Misc. Financial Services, Money
Center Banks, Regional Banks, Broadcasting & Cable TV, REIT, Retail (Apparel), Retail (Internet & Catalog),
Communications Equipment, Computer Hardware, Computer & Internet Services, Semiconductors, Software &
Programming
Primary Identifiers: 005930-KR, 2799-HK, 3333-HK, 700-HK, AAPL-US, ABN-NL, AMZN-US, ARVL-US, CMCSA-US,
F-US, FB-US, GOEV-US, GOOGL-US, GPS-US, HM.B-SE, JPM-US, MSFT-US, NKE-US, NOKIA-FI, NTES-US,
ORCL-US, SNOW-US, TSLA-US, VHM-VN, VIC-VN, ZM-US, 0FMGXN-E, 0KSNWW-E
Related Identifiers: 005930-KR, 2799-HK, 3333-HK, 700-HK, AAPL-US, ABN-NL, AMZN-US, ARVL-US, CMCSA-US, F-
US, FB-US, GOEV-US, GOOGL-US, GPS-US, HM.B-SE, JPM-US, MSFT-US, NKE-US, NOKIA-FI, NTES-US, ORCL-
US, SNOW-US, TSLA-US, VHM-VN, VIC-VN, ZM-US, 0FMGXN-E, 0KSNWW-E
Subjects: Media Summaries, Economist Summary
Amazon.com invests to help restore portions of Brazilian rainforest ($3500.81, +21.81)
Thursday, September 02, 2021 04:22:07 PM (GMT)
Partnering with The Nature Conservancy on launch of new Agroforestry and Restoration Accelerator, with initial
investment supporting 3K farmers and restoring 20K hectares of deforested land within three years to remove
10M metric tons of carbon emissions by 2050.
Part of Amazon's commitment to meeting The Climate Pledge which it co-founded and encourages other firms to
reach net-zero by 2040.
Reference Links:
Amazon Announces Investment in Nature-Based Carbon Removal Solutions in Brazil with The Nature
Conservancy
29-Jul-2021
Total Pages: 13
1-877-FACTSET www.callstreet.com Copyright © 2001-2021 FactSet CallStreet, LLC
Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
CORPORATE PARTICIPANTS
David Fildes
Director-Investor Relations, Amazon.com, Inc.
Brian T. Olsavsky
Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President, Amazon.com, Inc.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
OTHER PARTICIPANTS
Douglas Anmuth Stephen Ju
Analyst, JPMorgan Securities LLC Analyst, Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC
Colin Alan Sebastian Ronald V. Josey
Analyst, Robert W. Baird & Co., Inc. Analyst, JMP Securities LLC
Brian Nowak Jason Stuart Helfstein
Analyst, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC Analyst, Oppenheimer & Co., Inc.
Youssef Squali Justin Post
Analyst, Truist Securities, Inc. Analyst, BofA Securities, Inc.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
For opening remarks, I will be turning the call over to Director of Investor Relations Mr. Dave Fildes. Please go
ahead.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
David Fildes
Director-Investor Relations, Amazon.com, Inc.
Hello and welcome to our Q2 2021 financial results conference call. Joining us today to answer your questions is
Brian Olsavsky, our CFO.
As you listen to today's conference call, we encourage you to have our press release in front of you, which
includes our financial results as well as metrics and commentary on the quarter. Please note, unless otherwise
stated, all comparisons in this call will be against our results for the comparable period of 2020.
Our comments and responses to your questions reflect management's views as of today, July 29, 2021 only and
will include forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially. Additional information about factors
that could potentially impact our financial results is included in today's press release and our filings with the SEC,
including our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent filings.
2
1-877-FACTSET www.callstreet.com Copyright © 2001-2021 FactSet CallStreet, LLC
Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
During this call, we may discuss certain non-GAAP financial measures. In our press release, slides accompanying
this webcast, and our filings with the SEC, each of which is posted on our IR website, you will find additional
disclosures regarding these non-GAAP measures, including reconciliations of these measures with comparable
GAAP measures.
Our guidance incorporates the order trends that we've seen to date and what we believe today to be appropriate
assumptions. Our results are inherently unpredictable and may be materially affected by many factors, including:
fluctuations in foreign exchange rates; changes in global economic conditions and customer spending; world
events; the rate of growth of the Internet; online commerce and cloud services; and the various factors detailed in
our filings with the SEC.
This guidance also reflects our estimates to date regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our
operations, including those discussed in our filings with the SEC, and is highly dependent on numerous factors
that we may not be able to predict or control, including: the duration and scope of the pandemic including any
recurrence; actions taken by governments, businesses, and individuals in response to the pandemic; the impact
of the pandemic on global and regional economies and economic activity, workforce staffing and productivity, and
our significant and continuing spending on employee safety measures; our ability to continue operations in
affected areas; and consumer demand and spending patterns as well as the effects on suppliers, creditors, and
third-party sellers, all of which are uncertain.
Our guidance also assumes, among other things, that we don't conclude any additional business acquisitions,
investments, restructurings, or legal settlements. It's not possible to accurately predict demand for our goods and
services, and therefore our actual results could differ materially from our guidance.
Brian T. Olsavsky
Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President, Amazon.com, Inc.
Thank you for joining us today.
Before we get to Q&A, I'd like to first thank all of our Prime members, our vendors, our 3P [third-party] sellers, and
my Amazon colleagues, especially the worldwide ops team, for a record-breaking Prime Day in June. Third-party
sellers, who are mostly comprised of small and medium-sized businesses, were a big contributor to Prime Day's
success. The Prime Day event was the biggest two-day period ever for these SMBs in our stores, and our 3P
revenue continues to grow significantly faster than our online stores revenue. Third-party units represented 56%
of our total paid units in Q2, up from a 53% mix one year ago.
Our second quarter net sales were $113 billion, or at about the midpoint of our guidance range. That's a year-
over-year increase of 27%, or 24% excluding the impact of foreign exchange, and included the shift of Prime Day
into Q2 this year, which added about 400 basis points to the year-over-year growth rate.
Q2 of this year was a transition period for many of our customers. As the quarter progressed, people were at
home less as restrictions and lockdowns eased in some of our largest geographies, including the US and much of
Europe. As a result, while Prime members continue to spend more with us, growth in Prime member spend
moderated compared to spending seen during the peak of the pandemic.
As you look at our recent revenue growth rates, I want to give you some insight into what we are seeing, as there
have been some noticeable intra-quarter changes in our revenue run rate. Prime Day has also been in three
3
1-877-FACTSET www.callstreet.com Copyright © 2001-2021 FactSet CallStreet, LLC
Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
different quarters the past three years, so In will normalize for this impact in my growth rate comments. Also,
since FX rates have bounced around, all of my comments exclude foreign exchange.
Here's a quick recap of our growth rates in 2020 and 2021. First, before COVID-19, we had been growing at a
revenue growth rate close to 20%. 2019 full-year growth was 22%, and revenue growth the first two months of
2020 was 21%. Once the pandemic hit and lockdowns began in March 2020, the initial growth rate jumped into
the mid-30% range. Q1 of last year ended with a revenue growth rate of 27%.
However, our operations network took time to step up to serve this growth in demand due to space constraints
and our need to ramp up hiring quickly while prioritizing employee health and safety. By mid-May of last year, we
had made good progress to open up more capacity by adding hundreds of thousands of employees. This allowed
our revenue growth rate to jump to the 35% to 45% range and remained at that level through Q1 of this year,
when we had 41% growth.
In Q2 of this year, we began to comp this high sales period from last year, and the year-over-year revenue growth
rate has narrowed. It has also narrowed as vaccines have become more readily available in many countries and
people are getting out of their homes. Since May 15, again excluding Prime Day, our year-over-year growth rate
has dropped into the mid-teens. Our Q3 revenue guidance range of 10% to 16% growth reflects an expected
continuation of this trend.
Given all this volatility, it is useful to consider the two-year compounded annual growth rate, which remains strong
in the 25% to 30% range. Recall this compares to our pre-pandemic growth rate of 21%. This reflects the
acceleration of Prime membership and Prime member purchase levels over the past 18 months.
While I am not giving forward guidance beyond Q3 of this year, we do expect this pattern of difficult year-over-
year revenue comps to continue for the next few quarters. As we move forward and start to comp COVID's impact
on our revenue growth, we encourage you to also look at the multiyear compounded annual growth rate since the
onset of the pandemic to better put this growth in perspective.
Now back to the Q2 highlights, we continue to be very pleased with the Prime member growth and engagement
we're seeing. We've been fortunate to welcome more than 50 million new members in the past 18 months, and
Prime member benefits usage remains high. That includes continued strong engagement in Prime's family of
digital offerings, like Prime Video's original movies. For example, Prime members helped make The Tomorrow
War and Tom Clancy's Without Remorse the number one streaming movies on their respective opening
weekends.
Amazon advertising is innovating at a fast clip, launching over 40 new features and self-service capabilities in the
quarter, making it easier for sellers, companies, and authors to grow their businesses by helping customers
discover their brands and products.
Other revenue increased 83% year over year in Q2 excluding the impact of foreign exchange, driven largely by
continued acceleration in our ads business.
Moving on to AWS, revenue growth accelerated across a broad range of customers. We see strong growth in
enterprises, governments, educational and research institutions, and our startup and digital-native customers.
We've recently announced new commitments and migrations from customers across a diverse set of major
industries, including Swisscom and Bell Canada in telecom, BMO Financial Group and Bancolombia in financial
services, and Ferrari in automotive.
4
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Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
AWS customers recognize that the move to the cloud is very positive for their businesses in the medium and long
term. Disruptive economic events like COVID have caused many people to step back and think about how they
want to change strategically, and many have come to the conclusion that they do not want to own and run their
own data centers. They see that they can save money and gain agility and innovation by moving to AWS.
I'll finish up with some comments on our ongoing investments in operations. As we think about the pull-forward in
demand we've seen these past 18 months, it has required and will continue to require a significant amount of
investment in our fulfillment network. Our teams have done a remarkable job stepping up to serve customers and
support our vendors and sellers, and we have worked hard to increase capacity at a rapid rate.
For the trailing 12 months ended Q2, CapEx and equipment financed leases increased 74% versus the prior
trailing 12-month period. And as usual, most of our 2021 spend in building openings are planned in the second
half of this year. This is all part of a multiyear investment cycle for us. Unit volumes, while obviously growing at
lower rates off last year's large comp, continue to remain high, and we see strong demand for FBA [Fulfillment by
Amazon] and third-party sellers. So there's more work to do, including additional build-outs of our FCs as well as
our middle mile and last mile capabilities to support our fast improving delivery offers for customers.
I encourage you to read the business highlights in our press release. It's a diverse collection of efforts supported
by many thousands of customer-focused Amazon employees, from Amazon Pharmacy, to Business Prime, to
AWS's plans to add seven new regions, to NFL Thursday Night Football starting next year, to the Black Business
Accelerator program, to Alexa's collaboration with Ford Motor Company. We remain heads-down focused on
driving a better customer experience. We believe putting customers first is the only reliable way to create lasting
value for our shareholders.
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Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
Douglas Anmuth
Analyst, JPMorgan Securities LLC Q
Thanks for taking the questions. Brian, I just want to ask two. Just going back to the 2Q revenue, beyond Prime
spend moderating and the reopening, is there anything else you'd point to in particular that may have kept you in
the middle of the range versus obviously where you've been over the last year versus expectations? And I guess
in particular, can you talk about Prime Day relative to your expectations?
And then secondly, the BigCommerce partnership a couple weeks ago, you seem to open up more to working
with merchants away from Amazon. I was just hoping you could talk more about the multichannel fulfillment
opportunity. And do you think you now have the logistics capabilities, and has everything recovered to the point
where you can offer these services more to third parties? Thanks.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Brian T. Olsavsky
Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President, Amazon.com, Inc. A
Sure. Thanks, Doug. As far as Q2 run rate is concerned, if you look back the last few quarters, we've not done a
great job of nailing the impact of COVID. We've generally over-performed our guidance range. I think last quarter
we had kept the same process coming off some very high volumes for the prior four quarters.
And really the only difference I see in Q2 versus Q1 and before is the year-over-year comp, which we had
factored in, but also the increase in mobility. I think the impact of people getting vaccinated and getting out in the
world, not only shopping offline but also living life and getting out, it takes away from shopping time. It's a good
phenomenon and it's great. And we just have to appropriately gauge our run rate going forward.
Prime Day was very successful. We passed the record set in last fall's Prime Day, which was a very different time
of year to have Prime Day, and it started to bump up against early holiday shopping. So we're really pleased. And
again, I think it was a great day then for third-party sellers, as I've pointed out.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
David Fildes
Director-Investor Relations, Amazon.com, Inc. A
Doug, on your second question, it's Dave here. I'd just say our focus is really squarely on adding capacity to meet
the current high customer demand that Brian talked about in his opening remarks. We're always working to
develop new and innovative ways to support partners, SMBs in particular who sell on Amazon, and that includes
testing shipping programs and newer initiatives that can help those businesses get packages to customers quickly
and reliably. So continue to see us look for ways to be able to innovate where it's appropriate relative to the
customer demand we're already seeing in our network.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Operator: Your next question comes from the line of Colin Sebastian with Baird. Please proceed with your
question.
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Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
And then secondly, is Prime Day still a once per year phenomenon, or would you consider separate events
spread out during the same year to capitalize on different seasonal trends? Thanks.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Brian T. Olsavsky
Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President, Amazon.com, Inc. A
Sure. On the second question, I don't have anything to announce today. Our trend has been once a year. Of
course, it's moved between quarters the last three years. So that's all I have on that one.
As far as the higher margin areas and whether that's a purposeful strategy, I'd like to say it is, but if you look at
what they are, third-party is kind of a continuation of strength in our FBA program in particular. I think the sellers
are doing a great job of adding additional selection that's very valuable and reinforces our flywheel, and we like to
see that. And you see that third-party percent of units went up from 53% last year to 56%. And that's a steady
march. We've seen that. As we said, the third-party sellers are doing a great job, and we like to see that.
On advertising, advertising is again another part of our flywheel. We have traffic coming in for the consumer
business. And if we do a good job with advertising, we'll make it an additive experience for our customers and our
sellers and vendors. So that's what we work on is to make sure that it's a relevant experience and adds to your
shopping experience and helps you find selection that perhaps you wouldn't have found otherwise or it would
have been harder to.
And then on AWS, AWS is again its own separate part of the business. It has been 15 years in the development,
and we think our scale and experience really pays dividends. If you look at the last quarter, AWS added more
revenue quarter over quarter and year over year than any quarter in our history. We're now a $59 billion
annualized run rate business, and that's up from $43 billion at this time last year.
So those are output measures, as we like to say. The input measures are doing a good job on products, adding
new capabilities and being able to work with our customers to solve their problems, and I think that's what you're
seeing. And it's matching up well with a renewed emphasis on getting to the cloud by a lot of companies out there.
And when they are looking to make that transition, it's giving up control and putting yourself and choosing a
partner for the long haul, and we're proud that companies choose us for that journey.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Operator: Your next question comes from the line of Brian Nowak with Morgan Stanley. Please proceed with
your question.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Brian Nowak
Analyst, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC Q
Thanks for taking my questions. I have two, one a little nitpicky and one big picture. The nitpicky one, Brian,
fulfillment cost on a per-unit basis was pretty high in the second quarter relative to normal seasonality. Can you
just talk to us about what's driving that? Is that new build, new square feet, or are there sort of inefficiencies that
went on in the quarter in fulfillment?
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Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
And the second one, sort of bigger picture, last quarter you talked a little bit about same-day in Europe. There
have been some headlines about same-day. How should we think about a larger same-day offering being part of
the investment process right now just to sort of maintain and grow your share of grocery and consumables?
Thanks.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Brian T. Olsavsky
Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President, Amazon.com, Inc. A
Sure, thanks. I would say on the fulfillment side, there are a number of things. First, we're adding a lot of capacity.
If you step back, the Amazon fulfilled units volumes, so that's the units coming out of our fulfillment centers, both
retail and FBA, have doubled in the past two years. And the AMZL, the delivery arm of our business, has more
than doubled in that time period. So you can see there has been very strong multiyear demand here that we are
still catching up with from last year.
So I mentioned earlier our year-over-year growth in CapEx and equipment leases of 74% at the end of June
compared to 38% the year before. So we are continuing to add, and most of that development is really ahead of
us in the second half of the year. So if you've been with us a long time, you know the cadence is that as we add
capacity, there's a lot of additional costs, from hiring, starting up, to training, to getting that building or sort center
or delivery station up and running. It usually takes a multiyear period to tame those assets, and we've literally
nearly doubled our network here in the last 18 months from a size standpoint. So there's a lot of that going on, a
lot of strong effort by our fulfillment and ops teams to help mitigate the cost.
The other thing is wage pressure has become evident. We've talked about this a bit. The wage increase that we
normally would do in October we pulled forward into May. We're spending a lot of money on signing and
incentives. And while we have very good staffing levels, it's not without cost. It's a very competitive labor market
out there and certainly the biggest contributor to inflationary pressures that we're seeing in the business.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
David Fildes
Director-Investor Relations, Amazon.com, Inc. A
Brian, on the second point just around speed, as we've talked about many times, customers respond well to the
fast high-quality delivery. And of course, back in 2019 we were talking at that time about expanding the one-day
delivery in the US into Europe, one-day delivery as part of Prime. In most of those sizable European countries
where we operate has been standard for many years.
We're investing in the transportation network to support the demand, a significant part of the capital investments
we've been talking about for the past few years, and certainly since the pandemic's start has been to support
those efforts in middle and last mile capacity to keep pace and support with that demand. So as we've been
saying here, that work's not done yet. We're continuing to expand. You'll see that investment throughout 2021.
And that growing transportation network will support faster delivery times for customers. One-day delivery is
improving in the US as well as same-day delivery where it makes sense and where the network is growing there.
So we'll have to continue to see how we go, but we're focused on those data points. And we're also focused on
improving delivery precision as a way of improving the quality of the overall offering.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Operator: Your next question comes from the line of Youssef Squali with Truist Securities. Please proceed with
your question.
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Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
Youssef Squali
Analyst, Truist Securities, Inc. Q
Thank you very much. I have two questions. One, within online stores, was there any particular area of softness
during the quarter? I'm just thinking about maybe some product categories that may have come back – or actually
the opposite, may have gone down the demand for, with the reopening that you can maybe highlight?
And then as you look beyond Q3 and Q4, what kind of growth assumptions for e-commerce just in general for the
next couple years are you guys working with to build your budget and invest against the opportunity? I'm just
thinking, are you guys assuming that e-commerce growth remains – goes back to pre-COVID levels or stays kind
at an elevated level versus not? Thank you.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Brian T. Olsavsky
Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President, Amazon.com, Inc. A
Sure. Let me start with the online stores revenue. You're probably looking at the growth rate of 13% in Q2 versus
the FX-neutral revenue growth rate of 24%. I would point you back to last year in Q2, that online stores grew 49%.
There were restrictions on what we stocked in our warehouses. And as you'll remember, we had to constrain
space for a lot of third-party sellers as well as our retail offering. But the mix shifted for the early part of Q2 last
year to be more of a retail mix and an MFN [Merchant Fulfilled Network] mix, and then it flipped back to be more
of a balanced mix that you'd seen in the past.
On forward investment, here is how I would explain it. Again, we are sitting here with demand volumes that have
gone up on an Amazon Fulfilled Network basis that doubled in a two-year period. So we are not back to where we
want to be on a number of dimensions. We handled Q4 last year. We've been playing catch-up pretty much since
the pandemic started, but what suffered is space and space constraints. And it's gotten better, but it was a factor
last year. And also, our one-day delivery percentage has dropped and has not returned to levels seen pre-
pandemic in the United States. It's on par and getting better than pre-pandemic in Europe, but in the United
States, while it's improving, it still hasn't reached the pre-pandemic levels. So we have a lot of growth to do there.
As far as the stickiness of purchases, I think there's certainly a number of things that were purchased last year
that didn't repeat for a lot of retailers, things like consumables early on, gloves, cleaning supplies, computer
monitors, things you use to outfit your house. You could probably go through your own checklist of purchases and
say okay, I probably will not do this every year.
But there has been a healthy movement to online commerce. We've added Prime members, and the Prime
members that we have, have ratcheted up their purchases with us, which has always been a part of the plan and
a good sign. It means we're offering them more things that they can buy and satisfy more of their demand needs.
So even in Q2, when as I said rates were starting to moderate in the quarter, those Prime member purchases still
grew year over year on a per Prime member basis. They just didn't grow at the same clip that they had in the prior
three or four quarters. So that's a good sign, and we like the engagement levels and the retention levels that we
see with Prime members.
So all in all, a very positive story on that front has accelerated the model quite a bit. There's just, again, some
comparison issues that we'll just have to realize and perhaps look at a two-year compounded annual growth rate
for a period of time to judge where we are on that progress, because there's been a lot of ins and outs, especially
with Prime Day moving around. So hopefully that answers your question.
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Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
Operator: Your next question comes from the line of Stephen Ju with Credit Suisse. Please proceed with your
question.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Stephen Ju
Analyst, Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC Q
Thank you so much. So, Brian, it seems like the pandemic has touched off what looks like a greater urgency
among SMBs to accelerate their presence online. So I was wondering if your third-party marketplaces platform is
seeing perhaps a faster influx of more sellers or emerging brands.
And following up on the labor market commentary there, do you think you will see any incremental headwinds
hiring the necessary people for fulfillment centers this year? Thanks.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
David Fildes
Director-Investor Relations, Amazon.com, Inc. A
Stephen, it's Dave. I'll take that first question just around SMBs and behavior. Look, we've seen a 20-year
progression in terms of building out the services that we thought were resonating with us and our business but
also sought very early on to externalize those services and offerings to sellers and particularly small and medium-
sized businesses over time, obviously noteworthy with FBA and many other features.
And so I think what you see is really just a continuation of that effort put out by the teams around, whether it's
logistics, brand representation, more recently in recent years with some of the advertising features we've been
able to develop, surface for all our selling partners. And so I think that's a big area and a big part of the
commitment. So I don't know that I'd call out anything specifically in the near term other than to say that we
should continue to see great momentum on a units basis, as we give that metric every quarter. About 56% of our
overall total paid units are third-party. That's up about 300 basis points year over year. So I expect for us to
continue to put forth that effort in FBA around the world for sellers and some of these other SMB features to gain
momentum there.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Brian T. Olsavsky
Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President, Amazon.com, Inc. A
And on the labor comment, we can't predict too far in the future. We've got a labor estimate in our Q3 guidance. I
would say it's a bit of a complicated mix of economic growth and industries opening up, government payments in
some areas that may impact people's working, and then whether or not children are back at school fully in the fall.
So there's a lot of dynamics. We do count on having more employees in Q3 and Q4, as you know, from our ramp
up to the holidays. So I would probably count on wage pressure remaining for the immediate future.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Operator: Our next question comes from the line of Ron Josey with JMP. Please proceed with your question.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Ronald V. Josey
Analyst, JMP Securities LLC Q
Great, thanks for taking the question. I wanted to ask on just international operating income. If you look at the
results, it's now producing consistently positive results here. And so can you talk to us a little bit more about
what's driving that? Is this the result of most major builds are now completing, you're seeing efficiencies in
fulfillment centers, and so we should see this trend continue, or is there something else that's driving international
operating income just remaining positive here? Thank you.
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Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
Brian T. Olsavsky
Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President, Amazon.com, Inc. A
Sure, Ron. Thanks for your question. Yes, we have had strong international results in the last five quarters or so.
Noticeably, they've been positive operating income, which had not been the trend prior to Q2 of last year. I would
say the major factors here are the acceleration of growth. So we've in some ways put two years outgrowth on top
of today's assets. That's a lot of stress, but it's a lot of leverage of the assets that we have. And as we've talked
about before, our fulfillment centers and operations have been running pretty much at peak since May of last
year. It's starting to mitigate a bit, but it's a strong undercurrent.
But having said that, we continue to invest in international expansion. You may have noticed that we added
Portugal as a Prime country last quarter. We have investments in Brazil and India and the Middle East and a
number of countries. So we continue to add new countries. We have strong performance in our more established
countries like Europe and Japan, and so it's a bit of a mixed bag. But right now, again, the performance is very
strong. The foreign exchange rate has been favorable as well the last few quarters, so that has helped. But really
pleased with the performance of our international teams.
And we'll see, again, our investment plans, our plans are to make money obviously in the long run, but we have
forward advance Prime benefits in a lot of these countries before they would have been able to see them if they
had run the same trajectory as we did in the US. So there's a bit of forward investment on Prime benefits,
especially things like video that we know resonate with customers and are good for the Prime program and turn
into eventually really strong businesses.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Operator: Our next question comes from Jason Helfstein with Oppenheimer. Please proceed with your question.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
And then just to follow up, maybe your point about the ability to kind of keep up, is there any kind of throttling of
FBA that's going on just because you don't have the capacity, or are you trying to say that you might be losing
share to other sellers who can kind of promise to get an item to customers faster, given still some of the
challenges with logistics and last mile and everything? Thanks.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Brian T. Olsavsky
Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President, Amazon.com, Inc. A
Hi, Jason. Thank you. Let me start with that second question. No, my comments were really about throttling of
space last year, which did impact our vendors and our retail business as well as our third-party business. It was
probably more pronounced in Q2 of last year, especially April and into early May, as we were working to get fully
staffed in a healthful and safe way and also build out more capacity. In Q4, again, we were handling volumes that
were somewhat unheard of year over year. Our Q4 growth rate was 42%. That's usually not the case, and it's
magnified at peak when we're already handling the highest volumes of the year.
So all I was trying to say was that our space planning and, if you will, throttling of space for third-party sellers is
not something we like to do. We don't think we're the only ones who had that issue, and that's why we're building
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Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
out our network so quickly in our minds. It's hard to do quickly, but we're moving as quickly as possible. And
again, we have a lot of new capacity being added in the second half of the year.
On AWS growth, if you look at the run rate last year, we had 33% growth rate in Q1, and it dropped to 29%, 29%,
and 28% the last three quarters. There's always a lot of year-over-year things going on, but we do note that last
year there was a lot of effort by companies to limit their spend and operate more efficiently as we were all plunged
into kind of an unknown demand curve, and some industries were hurt worse than others.
If you'll remember, we actually worked very hard with our customers to help them lower their demand for AWS
services as best we could to match any new demand patterns. We also helped people scale very quickly.
Companies like Disney+, Netflix, and others were very glad that AWS was there to help them scale to meet
volumes very quickly.
So there's a lot of mixed bag there. We think that it was a strong performance this quarter. We do see good trends
with new contracts and new clients that are either signing up with AWS and making the journey to the cloud or
accelerating their journey to the cloud or setting up new longer-term contracts with us.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Operator: Our final question will come from Justin Post with Bank of America. Please proceed with your
question.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Justin Post
Analyst, BofA Securities, Inc. Q
Great, a couple. No one's really mentioned the CEO change, so I was wondering if he's on the call. But any
change in direction, investment philosophies, or any more integration of AWS or anything that we should be
aware of related to that change?
And then second, AWS margins, really strong revenues. The margins came down quarter over quarter. Can you
just remind us of what drives some of that margin fluctuation? Thank you.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Brian T. Olsavsky
Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President, Amazon.com, Inc. A
Sure, let me start with the second one. So, again, at any point in time, there's a lot of cross-pressures in the
operating margins of AWS. There's growth, which helps us leverage our assets. There's increasing the efficiency
of our servers and the efficiency of our sales force. Those are all positives.
On the flip side, there are price decreases. There are new contracts signed with large players for multiple years,
so there's pricing pressure. There's also the expansion of the sales force and building infrastructure to add new
regions globally. So as we said, these margins are going to bounce around. We're happy with the Q2 margins. I
would note that there was a negative impact from foreign exchange. That was about 150 basis points. But even at
28.3%, it's a strong margin for this business. We know it's going to bounce around as we invest, but also work
very hard to scale our businesses and efficiently run our assets.
On the leadership change, as you expect, Andy has hit the ground running. He's continuing to have a very high
bar for customer experience, high standards, operational excellence, inventiveness, willingness to fail, and
everything else that Amazon is known for internally and externally. I think we've had a good handoff. Jeff of
course is moving into the Executive Chairman role, and he will not be leaving. He's obviously continuing to be
very involved in, as we say, the one-way door decisions.
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Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) Corrected Transcript
Q2 2021 Earnings Call 29-Jul-2021
We've also had a good leadership change at AWS with Adam Selipsky coming in. Adam himself comes with a lot
of Amazon history and knowledge and external CEO experience that has made him even stronger as he comes
back, so we feel really good about the transition. And of course, don't expect any drop and expect Andy to add his
unique brand of positive attitude and optimism and forward-looking focus to help Amazon keep going and
delighting customers.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
David Fildes
Director-Investor Relations, Amazon.com, Inc.
Thanks for joining us today on the call and for your questions. A replay will be available on our IR website for at
least three months. We appreciate your interest in Amazon, and we look forward to talking with you again next
quarter.
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Investor Slides
Q2 2021 Financial Results
Conference Call Slides
This presentation may contain forward-looking statements which are inherently
difficult to predict. Actual results could differ materially for a variety of reasons,
including fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, changes in global economic
conditions and customer spending, world events, the rate of growth of the
Internet, online commerce, and cloud services, the amount that Amazon.com
invests in new business opportunities and the timing of those investments, the
mix of products and services sold to customers, the mix of net sales derived
from products as compared with services, the extent to which we owe income or
other taxes, competition, management of growth, potential fluctuations in
operating results, international growth and expansion, the outcomes of claims,
litigation, government investigations, and other proceedings, fulfillment,
sortation, delivery, and data center optimization, risks of inventory management,
variability in demand, the degree to which the Company enters into, maintains,
and develops commercial agreements, proposed and completed acquisitions
and strategic transactions, payments risks, and risks of fulfillment throughput
and productivity. Other risks and uncertainties include, among others, risks
related to new products, services, and technologies, system interruptions,
government regulation and taxation, and fraud. In addition, additional or
unforeseen effects from the COVID-19 pandemic and the global economic
climate may give rise to or amplify many of these risks. More information about
factors that potentially could affect Amazon.com’s financial results is included in
Amazon.com’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including
its most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent filings.
2
MM Free Cash Flow -- TTM (1) (2)
$60,000
Up 101% Y/Y
$31,852
$30,000
$12,146
$0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
3
Free Cash Flow Less Principal Repayments of Finance Leases
MM and Financing Obligations -- TTM (1)
$40,000
$21,292
$20,000
$595
$0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
4
Free Cash Flow Less Equipment Finance Leases and Principal Repayments
of All Other Finance Leases and Financing Obligations -- TTM (1)
MM
$40,000
Down
Down 78%50%
Y/Y (2)Y/Y(3)
$20,000 $19,429
$4,185
$0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
5
Shares
MM
700
517 522
16 16
350
501 506
0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
Common Shares Outstanding Stock-Based Awards Outstanding
6
MM
Net Sales
$200,000
$113,080
$100,000 $88,912
$0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
7
Net Sales – TTM
MM
Up 38% Y/Y;
Up 36% F/X Adjusted $52,655
12%
$443,298 $124,008
$400,000 28% $266,635
$321,782 60%
North America
International
AWS
$0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
8
Operating Income
MM
$14,000
Up 32% Y/Y
$7,702
$7,000
$5,843
$0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
9
Operating Income – TTM
MM
$50,000
Up 76% Y/Y;
Up 73% F/X Adjusted
$29,634
$25,000
$16,868
$0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
10
Net Income
MM
$14,000
Up 48% Y/Y
$7,778
$7,000
$5,243
$0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
11
Net Income – TTM
MM
$50,000
Up 123% Y/Y
$29,438
$25,000
$13,180
$0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
12
Segment Results – North America
MM Net Sales MM Operating Income
$130,000 $6,000
$67,550 $3,147
$65,000 $3,000
$55,436
$2,141
$0 $0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
13
Segment Results – International
MM Net Sales MM Operating Income
$70,000 $3,000
$35,000 $1,500
$30,721
$22,668
$345 $362
$0 $0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
14
Segment Results – AWS
MM
Net Sales MM Operating Income
$25,000 $8,000
$14,809
$4,193
$12,500 $10,808 $4,000
$3,357
$0 $0
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
15
Appendix
16
Free Cash Flow Reconciliation – TTM
17
Free Cash Flow Less Principal Repayments of Finance
Leases and Financing Obligations Reconciliation – TTM
Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
MM
Principal repayments of
finance leases (10,504) (11,054) (10,642) (11,448) (11,435)
Principal repayments of
financing obligations (56) (68) (53) (103) (116)
Free Cash Flow Less Principal
Repayments of Finance Leases
and Financing Obligations $21,292 $18,379 $20,325 $14,859 $595
18
Free Cash Flow Less Equipment Finance Leases and Principal
Repayments of All Other Finance Leases and Financing
Obligations Reconciliation – TTM
MM Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Q2 2021
(1) For the twelve months ended June 30, 2021, this amount relates to equipment included in “Property and equipment acquired under finance leases” of $9,976 million.
(2) For the twelve months ended June 30, 2021, this amount relates to property included in “Principal repayments of finance leases” of $11,435 million.
19
Management & Board
Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN)$3,525.50 Next Rpt Date: 28 Oct '21Report as of 09 Sep '21
Management
Brian T. Olsavsky, MBA Chief Financial Officer & Senior Vice President 57 19 0.000 $160,000 $17,174,185
David A. Zapolsky Secretary, Senior Vice President & General Counsel 57 22 0.001 $160,000 $17,174,185
Management
Board Members
Andrew R. Jassy, MBA President, Chief Executive Officer & Director 53 <1 0.018 $175,000 $35,848,449
EVITAR CORTE, A TAIL RISK HEDGE FROM STOCK TRADERS DAILY, HAS HELPED
PORTFOLIOS PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM MARKET CRASHES SINCE 2000.
Request Access to Evitar Corte by visiting Stock Traders Daily. There, you will see a trial form. This will
allow you to investigate this in detail. Once you have done this, then select one of the access options
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09.08.21 @ 16:13 --
General Commentary
Typically, by the Thursday following Labor Day the hangover is over. This year, at least for now, the
popular notion is that the market will get back on the exact same path that it was on before Labor
Day, and that means the consensus suggests buying every dip, valuation is not a concern, and there
are no risks, just like before, but Labor Day typically marks a material shift in psychology, and we
need to be aware. Everything can turn on a dime, because everything that seemed to not matter
before actually does matter, it was simply masked by fabricated demand.
The most immediate catalyst is the ECB, whose meeting is scheduled for Thursday, and the most
important facet of the ECB stimulus program is the corporate debt purchases. Very few are
expecting anything shocking from the ECB when they meet on Thursday, the beginning of tapering
maybe, but even that is expected to be minimal if it happens at all.
The opinions that are being vocalized are that the ECB does not matter, that the FOMC does not
matter, and ultimately that the tax debate does not matter ether, but those opinions are foolhardy.
The opinions that you do not hear are coming from the biggest investors in the room.
Admittedly, the concerns of the biggest investors have been quieted by smaller investors all year,
but the influence of the smaller investor is behind us. That new (free) money they had to invest is
now old money. They cannot influence the market like they did earlier in the year, which opens the
door for the things that should matter to the market to matter again.
Namely, the pace of stimulus matters, taxes matter, and valuation matters.
Although unlikely, if the ECB were to do the unthinkable and cut their corporate debt purchases to
$0 after their meeting on Thursday I would be very concerned that a 20% pullback would begin
immediately, and there would not be any ‘buy the dip mentality’ anymore.
The ECB is the ‘keymaster’ right now, but it is just one of a handful of keys that can unlock the sell
side, and the opinions that are not being vocalized right now are very aware of this list. The ECB
happens to be the most immediate, so that is where our attention is, but make no mistake. The
post Labor Day Market is not the same as the one that existed leading up to Labor Day.
ECB Corporate Debt Purchases and the Capital Gains Tax Hike could turn the market on its head.
Please read the combined technical analysis associated with this commentary for price-based
observations too, but remain aware that the most powerful investor class is back in action, and
they do not like what they see. The PE of the SPX is 35x!!!!!!
Evitar Corte helps you avoid market crashes using the FOMC.
How to Efficiently Manage Risk:
Review our Boot Camp page to see how to most efficiently manage risk
Book: Evitar Corte & the Covid-19 Crash (by Thomas Kee)
Available on Amazon
Institutional Entitlements Available:
Reuters
Factset
Refinitiv
SP Capital IQ*
Interactive Brokers
Bloomberg Terminals
Zacks
Disclaimer: Past Performance is no guarantee of future results. Substantial losses may come from
investing in the stock market. Consult with your personal financial advisor before making any
decisions to invest. These are DIY results except where references to managed accounts are
made.
Strategies Summary
Review these strategies on our Website
CORE
CORE is neutralized.
STRATEGIC PLAN
The Strategic Plan Strategy triggered short DJIA and has a tight stop loss.
SWING TRADING
SWING TRADING
DAY TRADING
Technical Analysis
NDX DJIA
R2 15658 R2 35144
R1 15642 R1 35079
S1 15598 S1 34938
S2 15576 S2 34000
SPX RUT
R2 4523 R2 2278
R1 4520 R1 2261
S1 4514 S1 2250
S2 4505 S2 2220
Trader Psychology
Traders sound the same as before Labor Day, but conditions do not look the same.
Heads Up
From the Past weekend's Newsletter.
Expect the first day next week to be unusual, but slowly the market leaders will return, and by the end of the
week the big boys will be back in control.
Combined Analysis
Our combined analysis for Thursday tells us to expect the markets to begin the day looking for direction, but if slight
declines follow thereafter the declines can get worse fast, and momentum driven declines can push the market down hard.
The midterm support levels remain broken, the longer term charts remain ominous, and if slight declines follow that will
manifest across all markets too. The SPX would need to increase back above 4520 for this to change. If the SPX fails to do
this, the markets could have much more room to decline.
Stock Trading
First Review our Combined analysis and Commentary, then select the appropriate plan-type. Or, use our Correlation Tool in
Real-Time when support or resistance is tested to get the best result.
WMT SPG
WMT SPG
Buy over 147.37, Buy over 132.15,
PEP CAH
Buy over 151.44, Buy over 54.32,
KO INTC
Buy over 55.99, Buy over 53.58,
MCD JNPR
Buy over 236.18, Buy over 28.29,
WMT CAH
Short under 147.37, Short under 53.49,
PEP ETR
Short under 156.56, Short under 114.80,
KO GILD
Short under 56.36, Short under 71.91,
MCD VZ
Short under 238.67, Short under 54.99,
Institutional Research
56 53 30
21 81 37
3 28 108
Economic Analysis
How Retail Sales Data Prove Stimulus is Exhausted
Consumers have received free money from the government during the pandemic, and many have used that money to make
exorbitant purchases. When the last round of checks were issued our Random Walk evidenced lines around the block to get
into stores like Louis Vuitton, and those lines were populated by a demographic who did not seem compatible with the price
points.
Of course many citizens really needed the money, but many of those who did not made purchases that would have been
unreasonable otherwise. This caused a surge in retail spending that is now being reversed.
Not surprisingly, as the free money from stimulus checks is exhausted (it only has a very short half-life) the influence on
retail sales dissolve, and the inflation pressures abate. This is exactly what we are seeing in the recent data.
Today’s retail sales data supports recent changes to inflation pressures too.
Stimulus checks not only influenced spending and inflation, but they also influenced the stock market. Many citizens who
did not need the money and who did not choose to spend it made investments into the stock market instead. This was
tangible at the time, and it did not require a Random Walk.
Arguably, the free money allowed MEME conditions in stocks likeGameStop (NYSE: GME) and AMC Entertainment
Holdings (NYSE: AMC) to exist, and it strongly influenced the Russell 2000 Index (INDEXRUSSELL: RUT). Smaller
investors often are attracted to small cap stocks, like those in the Russell 2000, so not unlike prices and inflation pressures
associated with stimulus checks, the Russell 2000 was an initial beneficiary as well, but that’s not the only correlation.
The Russell 2000 fell like Retail Sales and Inflation Data, but it came first.
The Russell 2000 fell by as much as 10% after the retail buying surge associated with the last stimulus checks was finished.
This happened as the other markets, like the S&P 500 INDEX (INDEXSP: .INX), hit all time highs over and over. The
decline in the Russell 2000 was a tell, it came first because stocks act in real time and the data is not delayed, and it told us
that the retail investor was done. Now the new Retail Sales and Inflation data support the notion that the benefits of that
free money program are officially dissolved.
The government allowed our country to go into deeper debt for a temporary boost in retail sales, and there was very little
reward from that effort now that the dust has settled.
However, our assessment is that inflation will not ramp up until such time as natural asset demand also ramps up. The
Natural Rate of Change of the amount of NEW Money available to be invested into the US economy, which is another way of
saying new asset demand, is measured by our proprietary macro analysis, The Investment Rate (IR).
The IR has been declining since December 2007, when the longer term trend peaked and started to decline measurably.
The asset demand growth being witnessed in the economy since then has been largely due to stimulus measures. The
capital infusions since 2012 in particular have resulted in additional monies for institutions and high net worth individuals
to buy asset such as stocks and real estate. In those asset classes inflation has been increasing at an unparalleled rate, but
the level of the stock market does not impact CPI or PPI.
The central bank actions were specifically designed to spur investment-based asset prices higher, but they are not
impacting inflation.
The inflation rate is affected by natural forces, and the natural rate of change in the amount of NEW Money available to be
invested into the US economy is still declining from the December 2007 peak in the IR.
Until the third major down period in US History comes to an end, according to the Investment Rate, inflation is likely to
remain subdued.
Investment Rate
About Us
Reuters: We have been sending Reuters about 1000 Stock Reports like this daily for the past 15 years. They provide our
reports to their institutional client base.
Disclaimer: Past Performance is no guarantee of future results. Substantial losses may come from investing in the stock
market. Consult with your personal financial advisor before making any decisions to invest. These are DIY results; managed
money results may differ slightly.
EVITAR CORTE, A TAIL RISK HEDGE FROM STOCK TRADERS DAILY, HAS HELPED
PORTFOLIOS PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM MARKET CRASHES SINCE 2000.
Request Access to Evitar Corte by visiting Stock Traders Daily. There, you will see a trial form. This will
allow you to investigate this in detail. Once you have done this, then select one of the access options
Trial Access:
Biggest Readers of our Research include Blackrock, Two Sigma, Invictus, Citadel, RenTech, etc.
09.07.21 @ 16:12 --
General Commentary
The NDX vs DJIA divergence was palpable again on Tuesday, and initially it seems that the Market is
picking up right where it left off, in terms of tech (AAPL), but there are technical concerns stemming
from the longer term charts again, and these were not there before.
Namely, the DJIA is threatening to break longer term support. The reason this is important is
because there are no immediate support levels under these, in any of the chart patterns for the
DJIA, so the declines could come without a clear downside target. That’s risky.
Support is beginning to break, and if it breaks the market can get ugly.
Our Strategic Plan Strategy (SPS) Indicator triggered long Tuesday when the DJIA tested support, and
that is the way it went out too, but the stops are tight, and it can turn short if needed.
The strategy purposefully only trades when longer term support and resistance levels are being
tested, so the simple fact that the Strategic Plan Strategy Indicator is triggering should be
meaningful, but the lack of additional support this time seems peculiar.
Evitar Corte helps you avoid market crashes using the FOMC.
How to Efficiently Manage Risk:
Review our Boot Camp page to see how to most efficiently manage risk
Book: Evitar Corte & the Covid-19 Crash (by Thomas Kee)
Available on Amazon
Institutional Entitlements Available:
Reuters
Factset
Refinitiv
SP Capital IQ*
Interactive Brokers
Bloomberg Terminals
Zacks
Disclaimer: Past Performance is no guarantee of future results. Substantial losses may come from
investing in the stock market. Consult with your personal financial advisor before making any
decisions to invest. These are DIY results except where references to managed accounts are
made.
Strategies Summary
Review these strategies on our Website
CORE
CORE is neutralized.
STRATEGIC PLAN
The Strategic Plan Strategy triggered long DJIA and has a tight stop loss.
SWING TRADING
DAY TRADING
Technical Analysis
NDX DJIA
R2 15837 R2 35133
R1 15713 R1 35130
R1 15713 R1 35130
S1 15673 S1 30000
S2 15635 S2 29000
SPX RUT
R2 4531 R2 2297
R1 4522 R1 2284
S1 4486 S1 2263
S2 4393 S2 2200
Trader Psychology
Traders are not concerned with AAPL, but they are concerned abut almost everything else.
Heads Up
From the Past weekend's Newsletter.
Expect the first day next week to be unusual, but slowly the market leaders will return, and by the end of the
week the big boys will be back in control.
Combined Analysis
Our combined analysis for Wednesday tells us to expect the Market to begin the day looking for direction. If the markets
decline slightly more than they did on Tuesday they would offer concerning technical reads because there are no immediate
support levels under the ones the market tested on Tuesday, in the DJIA. Longer term support is being threatened in the
DJIA, and it is the focal point. If longer term support breaks lower aggressive declines are likely to follow, and only if the
market stays above longer term support would these concerns diminish. For most of Tuesday the early tests of support held
successfully, but by the end of the day the markets had fallen back and the DJIA was threatening a breakdown. Risks appear
to be high.
Stock Trading
First Review our Combined analysis and Commentary, then select the appropriate plan-type. Or, use our Correlation Tool in
Real-Time when support or resistance is tested to get the best result.
THO DIA
Buy over 112.95, Buy over 351.50,
DIS ALL
Buy over 176.65, Buy over 131.45,
MCD IBM
Buy over 236.18, Buy over 138.11,
MO WMT
Buy over 50.62, Buy over 147.33,
LVS WMT
Short under 43.68, Short under 147.33,
MCD CTXS
Short under 236.18, Short under 103.57,
ABT COST
Short under 128.22, Short under 460.00,
EA ABT
Short under 145.00, Short under 128.63,
Institutional Research
39 72 28
22 79 38
3 28 108
Economic Analysis
How Retail Sales Data Prove Stimulus is Exhausted
Consumers have received free money from the government during the pandemic, and many have used that money to make
exorbitant purchases. When the last round of checks were issued our Random Walk evidenced lines around the block to get
into stores like Louis Vuitton, and those lines were populated by a demographic who did not seem compatible with the price
points.
Of course many citizens really needed the money, but many of those who did not made purchases that would have been
unreasonable otherwise. This caused a surge in retail spending that is now being reversed.
Not surprisingly, as the free money from stimulus checks is exhausted (it only has a very short half-life) the influence on
retail sales dissolve, and the inflation pressures abate. This is exactly what we are seeing in the recent data.
Today’s retail sales data supports recent changes to inflation pressures too.
Stimulus checks not only influenced spending and inflation, but they also influenced the stock market. Many citizens who
did not need the money and who did not choose to spend it made investments into the stock market instead. This was
tangible at the time, and it did not require a Random Walk.
Arguably, the free money allowed MEME conditions in stocks likeGameStop (NYSE: GME) and AMC Entertainment
Holdings (NYSE: AMC) to exist, and it strongly influenced the Russell 2000 Index (INDEXRUSSELL: RUT). Smaller
investors often are attracted to small cap stocks, like those in the Russell 2000, so not unlike prices and inflation pressures
associated with stimulus checks, the Russell 2000 was an initial beneficiary as well, but that’s not the only correlation.
The Russell 2000 fell like Retail Sales and Inflation Data, but it came first.
The Russell 2000 fell by as much as 10% after the retail buying surge associated with the last stimulus checks was finished.
This happened as the other markets, like the S&P 500 INDEX (INDEXSP: .INX), hit all time highs over and over. The
decline in the Russell 2000 was a tell, it came first because stocks act in real time and the data is not delayed, and it told us
that the retail investor was done. Now the new Retail Sales and Inflation data support the notion that the benefits of that
free money program are officially dissolved.
The government allowed our country to go into deeper debt for a temporary boost in retail sales, and there was very little
reward from that effort now that the dust has settled.
Investment Rate
Inflation concerns are front and center on Wall Street as the dollar index rises, and additional excess liquidity is set to be
proposed. With over $9 Trillion in fabricated asset demand already infused over the past 10 months by Central Banks, an
imminent inflationary environment seems set to exist.
However, our assessment is that inflation will not ramp up until such time as natural asset demand also ramps up. The
Natural Rate of Change of the amount of NEW Money available to be invested into the US economy, which is another way of
saying new asset demand, is measured by our proprietary macro analysis, The Investment Rate (IR).
The IR has been declining since December 2007, when the longer term trend peaked and started to decline measurably.
The asset demand growth being witnessed in the economy since then has been largely due to stimulus measures. The
capital infusions since 2012 in particular have resulted in additional monies for institutions and high net worth individuals
to buy asset such as stocks and real estate. In those asset classes inflation has been increasing at an unparalleled rate, but
the level of the stock market does not impact CPI or PPI.
The central bank actions were specifically designed to spur investment-based asset prices higher, but they are not
impacting inflation.
impacting inflation.
The inflation rate is affected by natural forces, and the natural rate of change in the amount of NEW Money available to be
invested into the US economy is still declining from the December 2007 peak in the IR.
Until the third major down period in US History comes to an end, according to the Investment Rate, inflation is likely to
remain subdued.
Investment Rate
About Us
Reuters: We have been sending Reuters about 1000 Stock Reports like this daily for the past 15 years. They provide our
reports to their institutional client base.
Disclaimer: Past Performance is no guarantee of future results. Substantial losses may come from investing in the stock
market. Consult with your personal financial advisor before making any decisions to invest. These are DIY results; managed
money results may differ slightly.