RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

Assignment #01
Topic:
9/9/2021
“Selection of Research Topic & Selection of Keywords”
Submitted to:
Mrs. Farah Zeba
Submitted by:
Anam Alia (2018-2115)
6th- Semester
B.Ed. (HONS) Elementary Education
IER

University of the Punjab, Lahore

0
Question:
Select a research topic and write keywords from that topic.

Answer:

TOPIC:

“Absence of counseling mechanism: A drawback of the

Educational System of Pakistan”
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the role of counseling in schools
of Pakistan. The study was guided by Alfred Adler (1998) theory of personality, and
humanistic theory of Albert Bandura (1995) social learning model. The study adopted
a descriptive survey research design. Population of study was 31 students. Simple
random sampling and stratified random sampling was used to select 6 students. The
instruments used to collect data for the study was questionnaire. The study reliability
coefficient of 80.0 was obtained. Findings indicated that teachers employ dynamic
interactions of a group of students approach. Further, computer facilities were
inadequate counseling the students. From the findings, counseling has improved
discipline, career choices and academic performances. There is enough proofing that
lack of counseling to students leads to indiscipline, poor career choice and academic
performances which causes a major drawback to the Education System of Pakistan.
However, there is lack of legal and policy framework, lack of trained teacher
counselor and too much workload for teachers hence making it difficult for guidance
and counseling to succeed and make better career choices. There is need to embrace
dialogue in resolution of conflict. This can be enhanced through building a strong
relationship between the students, counselors, teachers and administrators to an extent
that they are free to speak out issueless the affect both parties.

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KEYWORDS:

 Absence of Counseling
 Drawback
 Educational System
 Pakistan

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 RESEARCH IN EDUCATION
Assignment #02
Topic:
“Search the literature, manage references and write review of
related literature”
Submitted to:
Mrs. Farah Zeba
Submitted by:
Anam Alia (2018-2115)
6th- Semester
B.Ed. (HONS) Elementary Education
IER

University of the Punjab, Lahore

3
Question:

Search the literature, manage references cards in the form of APA format and
write review of the related literature.

Answer:
MANAGE REFERENCES ( 10 APA Format Cards)
1.

Education System of Pakistan: Issues, Problems and Solutions. (March 2,

2015). Islamabad Policy Research Institute.

2.

Ghulam Rasool Memon. (January 2010). Education in Pakistan: The Key

Issues, Problems and The New Challenges. ResearchGate.

3.

Scope of Educational Counselling in Pakistan. (November 21, 2019).

Counselingx.

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4.

Wafa Sheraz. (June 19, 2021). The dilemma of the youth in Pakistan: Lack
of career counseling or a career choice?. Daily Times.

5.

Iqbal Ahmad, Kahil ur Rehman, Asghar Ali, Itbar Khan, Fazal Akber
Khan. (June 2014). Critical Analysis of the Problems of Education in
Pakistan: Possible Solutions. Vol.3, No.2, pp. 79~84. International Journal
of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE).

6.

School Education in Pakistan: A Sector Assessment. (June 2019). Asian

Development Bank.

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7.

Dilshad Ashraf, Takbir Ali, Anya Hosain. (January 2013). Youth

development and education in Pakistan: Exploring the relationship. The
AGA Khan University: Institute for Educational Development.

8.

Aneela Maqsood, Najam us Sahar, Najma Iqbal Malik. (2020). Counseling

Needs Of High School Students: Exploring Teachers’ Perspective. Vol.70,
No. 2, pp. 540-47. Pak Armed Forces Med Journal.

9.

SYED WALAYAT ALI. (July 13, 2018). Pakistani Youth and lack of
career counseling. The Nation.

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 10.

Waseem Abbas. (May 8, 2019). Is Pakistan’s unemployment caused by a

lack of career counseling?: Determine your child's capabilities while
they're young, says counselor. SAMAA.

LITERATURE REVIEW:

An article with the title "Lack of Career Counseling in Pakistan" got published in the
World Press highlighting the issue of the absence of career counseling in education
system of Pakistan. The article is a good read and almost covered the depth of the
issue clearly explaining the loopholes in our system. As per this article the future of
the child is decided by the parents according to their own wishes without knowing the
talent and interest of the child himself. This then causes the waste of time and
potential leading towards the destruction of career for child himself and also drawback
for the state progress.

The author Syed Walayat Ali wrote an article with the title "Pakistani Youth and lack
of career counseling". The article which got published in "The Nation" newspaper is
explaining the situation caused by the lack of career counseling mechanism during the
educational time period of a person. The major chunk of the articles is based on the
repercussions we are facing by the absence of career counseling system in our
educational institutes. The forceful opted career on the wish of elders lead to the
frustration and so the person is not able to deliver his best and so the waste of talent
and time is been observed.

"Is Pakistan’s unemployment caused by a lack of career counseling?" written by the

author Waseem Abbas on May 8th, 2019. The article got published on the website of

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SAMAA TV. The objective of the author is to draw a link between the increasing
unemployment and the absence of career counseling in this article. The author is of the
view that it takes a lot of time for the children to realize their true worth, potential and
interest. Most of the times Pakistani students came to realized after opting field at the
University level that this is not their cup of tea and they are not intended to be
somewhere else in some other field as per their abilities and interest. But until then a
lot of money and time is wasted. The frustrated minds are not able to do well in the
opted fields and so are unable to get jobs leading towards the increased unemployment
rate of the state effecting the development and progress.

Fiza wrote a research article on the Essay Writing website on April 4 th, 2018. The title
of the article is "Importance of Career Counseling for Students in Pakistan". The
author of this article wisely and precisely covered every aspect of the issue. From the
problem statement to the solution bases ideas everything is been covered by the author
in this piece of writing. While identifying the problem Fiza suggested that the career
counseling should be conducted at very early stages. The career counseling should be
conducted by the professionals who are good enough to dig out the true strengths of
the students and so give a good suggestion according to the capabilities of the student
in an effective and satisfactory manner.

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RESEARCH IN EDUCATION
Assignment #03
Topic:
“Introduction, Methodology & Survey of Research Topic”
Submitted to:
Mrs. Farah Zeba
Submitted by:
Anam Alia (2018-2115)
6th- Semester
B.Ed. (HONS) Elementary Education
IER

University of the Punjab, Lahore

9
Question:

Write the Introduction, Methodology and Survey of your research topic.

Answer:

INTRODUCTION:

Educational Structure of a state is mainly considered as the back bone of its

development, prosperity and progress. The healthier and progressive the education
system of a state and so the more chances are there for the state to achieve the higher
level of success in the development and welfare of the state. On contrary to this if the
education mechanism of a state is having loopholes and then it will have deep impacts
on its overall progress and so causes the inefficient flawed performance. Pakistan is
one of the states which is currently facing the crises and lag far behind in the
development and growth. One of the reasons of this is that the youth of this nation is
not having the idea that what they have to do and what capabilities they are having
inside themselves. This lack of the self-recognition prevents them from using their full
potential and so the waste of bulk of talent is been observed. This is not only affecting
the person’s own personality but the frustration and depression of the person is also
negatively impacting the development and growth of the Pakistan.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

For my research paper I used mix method.

Qualitative Method:

We also used the qualitative method in our research paper. The sources which I have
consulted during my research are mostly based on the research articles. Apart from the
research articles I also reached out to the books in order to search literature and news

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regarding to my topic. Documentary videos from YouTube is also been approached by
me for my research work.

Quantitative Method:

While Applying Quantitative Method on my research paper I carried out a survey.

The ultimate aim of the survey is to analyze that how the absence of the Career
Counseling in the educational Institutes is effecting the youth and the state progress
and prosperity. I made a questionnaire and distributed it among the 31 students of my
class using the method of random sampling. I didn’t confine the gender as I wanted
to get opinion from all the genders. The response I have got from this survey is been
analyzed and incorporated in my research work as a supporting argument.

RESEARCH SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE:

1. Do you feel satisfaction by the field you are currently pursuing?

a) Agree
b) Uncertain
c) Disagree

2. Do you think you would be better off in some other area of study?

a) Agree
b) Uncertain
c) Disagree

3. Is opting the field which you are currently pursuing is your own choice?

a) Agree
b) Uncertain
c) Disagree

4. Is pursuing the ongoing degree was the decision of someone else on your
behalf?

a) Agree
b) Uncertain
c) Disagree

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5. Do you feel that the absence of the clear idea of choosing any field as your
career is the reason why you have selected the current one?

a) Agree
b) Uncertain
c) Disagree

6. Do you think that the limited options as the career fields have caused you to
choose the other field from the available ones?

a) Agree
b) Uncertain
c) Disagree

7. Do you feel at this stage that if you have known more options and fields earlier
you wouldn’t have taken this current field as your career building?

a) Agree
b) Uncertain
c) Disagree

8. Have you ever felt frustrated and exhausted and think of switching this field
with some other?

a) Agree
b) Uncertain
c) Disagree

9. Do you think that the wrong choices you have made while selecting the subjects
as career is the cause of your bad performance in the current filed?

a) Agree
b) Uncertain
c) Disagree

10.Do you think the career counseling should be a mandatory part of the
educational institutes?

a) Agree
b) Uncertain
c) Disagree

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QUESTIONNAIRE RESULT:

This is the research paper questionnaire designed by me for my ease to analyze the
result. The purpose of the research questionnaire is to dig out the root cause of the
problem and to show that the real problem of our failure as a Pakistani citizen lies in
producing more effective and specialized man power due to the frustration and
dissatisfaction of the students by the careers they have opted for due to the lack of
career counseling platforms at their very early stage of education. The result of the
survey I have conducted via the above mentioned survey questionnaire was as per my
expectations as almost 80 percent of the participants agreed that they have opted the
current field due to the lack of knowledge and counseling mechanism and on the wish
of their parents. The other 20 percent are those who are satisfied by their current
fields. But among them are also those who agreed that they have selected the subject
as per their parent’s suggestion but because somehow they managed to cope up with it
and pursed it further with full potential and interest.

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

17%

3%

80%

Agree Disagree Uncertain

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