Name: Grade & Section: Score:

School: Teacher: Subject: Math 9

LAS Writer: JOHANNAH Y. ACHURRA Content Editor: MA. LANI PAÑA
Lesson Topic: Six Trigonometric Ratios. (Quarter 4 Wk. 1 LAS 1)
Learning Targets: Illustrates the six trigonometric ratios: sine, cosecant, cosine, secant, tangent and cotangent.
(M9GE-IVa-1.1)
Reference(s): Bryant, M., 2014. Mathematics 9 Learner’s Material. 1st ed. Pasig City: Vibal Group, Inc., pp.433-434.
CONTENT
History gives credit to Hipparchus(180-125B.C.) of Nicaea to have been the founder of Trigonometry. He is known
to have used it extensively in astronomy. He also wrote on the calculations of chords of angles inscribed in a circle. In all
probability, his focus may have been on triangles which may account on” Trigonometry” which is rooted in three Greek
words: tri (three), gonia (corner or angle), and metron (measure).
Trigonometry is a branch of Mathematics that deals with the relation between the sides and angles of triangles and
the calculations and measurements based on these sides and triangles. . Recall that a right triangle has one right angle and
two acute angles. Opposite the right angle is the hypotenuse which is the longest side of the triangle.. Triangle ABC is a
right triangle with angle C as its right angle. The acute angles are angle A and angle B, the hypotenuse is AB and the leg s
are AC and BC.

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
sin 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑠𝑐 𝜃 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒

𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃 =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒

EXAMPLE: Determine the formula or equation to find the missing part of the triangle.
1. 2. 3.

𝜽 is an acute angle, c is the θ is an acute angle, c is the β is an acute angle; b is the adjacent
hypotenuse; a is the side adjacent to hypotenuse; b is the side opposite to side; c is the opposite side. Use TOA,
𝜽. Use CAH, that is θ. Use SOH, that is that is
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = sin 𝜃 = tan 𝜃 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑎
𝑎
cos 𝜃 = 𝑐 , cos 53° = 12 𝑎
, sin 𝜃 = 𝑏𝑐 , sin 53° = 𝑏
12 tan 𝜃 = =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑏
therefore, a = 12 cos 53°. Therefore, b=12 sin 53° 10
therefore, b = tan 67°

ACTIVITY: Determine the formula or equation to find the missing part of the triangle.

1. 2. 3. 𝜷 = 𝟓𝟓°

c = 20 b c=25 b

a 𝜃 = 35° 𝜃 = 32° a = 25

1. Find the value of a. 2. Find the value of b. 3. Find the value of b.