What are Geologic Landslide

Hazards?
UNISDR- United Nations International Strategy
for Disaster Reduction
Geologic hazards are processes that may cause
fatality, injuries, damage to property, and
economic disruption as they may result in the
lost of livelihood or environmental damage.
o Landslide is a general term referring to
all types of surface movement.
o Landslide (mass movement)
o Mass movement is under the “sudden”
o Land slide can be horizontal or
downslope

Geological Processes Two Types of Landslides

Shallow- mababaw
Geological Processes are
involving landforms, earth Deep-Seated- malalim

processes, change in slope, or

any movement of the earth,
rocks and soil.

Major Types of Geological Hazards

Two Major Types of Geological
Hazards

Sudden
o Happens quickly with little
or no warning.
o May be triggered by heavy
rainfall, or a disturbance of
a soil that is already
unstable.

Slow
o Slow movement of the earth
surface.
Geologic
Hazard
 vv

LANDSLIDE HYDROMETEOROLO GRADUAL

GEOLOGIC
CATEGORIES Fall GY Gradual
HAZARD Geologic
It occurs when soil or rocks abruptly Hazard
These hazards are often taken years, decade, or even
detach from a steep slope or a cliff.
What is HAZARD centuries to form and become a danger to population
Hydrometeorological
residing in a specific area. Weather
HYDROMETEOROLOGY
o It is a branch of meteorology that studies the
occurrence, movement and changes of state of water
Systems
in the atmosphere.
TROPICAL CYCLONE
Topple Sinkhole/Subsidence
Hydrometeorology o BAGYO- Philippines
It is the movement of a surface as it
It iso similar
TropicaltoDepression
a domino falling o Typhoon Belt
shifts downward.
down o when it is resting on its
Super Typhoon o 20 Typhoons
narrow edge.
o Droughts This canHurricane-Northeast
be connected to thePacific
creation
and Atlantic Ocean
o Desertification of sinkholes.
 Typhoon-Northwest Pacific Ocean
o Atmospheric  Cyclone-South Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean
o Oceanographic
o Weather Patterns Slide Signs of Impending Geological Hazards
The slide material made up of rock o Spring seeping and wet or saturated ground in
Hydrometeorology
or soil mass has a downslopeand other previously dry areas on or below slopes.
movement, and is separated from o Soil pulling away from foundations.
disciplines
more stable underlying materials. o Ground cracks or cracks in the soil.
o Offset fence lines
o Climatology SOUTHEAST MONSOON
o Oceanography Flow o Unusual bulges or elevation changes in the ground
o Tilting telephonePhilippines
o HABAGAT- poles, trees, fences
o Cloud Physics
o Rainy Season
It is otheHydrology
continuous movement of
displaced mass that resembles a
o July-October Mitigated Through
viscous liquid. Climatology o
o Heavy Rains
Record of past events
o Strong Winds
o Earth’s Climate o Use of hazard maps
o Flooding
o Longer Period of Time o Engineering Methods
o Weather Patterns
Spread o Recognizing Signs
NORTHWEST MOONSOON
Ofteno caused
Short-Term
by liquefaction or the
general subsidenceOceanography
of a fractured o AMIHAN- Philippines
rock o orEcosystem
soil mass intoWater
of Ocean softer o November-March
underlying materials.
o Organisms Existing o Little to no rain at all
o Christmas Season
Cloud Physics o Colder
o Clouds Formation & Growth
INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE(ITCZ)
Hydrology
o Water Cycle Process
o Water Quality
o Water Resources
 HYDROMETEOROLO
v

GY
TYPHOON HAZARD Thunderstorm
THUNDERSTORM AND LIGHTNING
o Blue-white color
o Strong winds
o Rainfalls
o Tornadoes
o Hails

A severe weather disturbance characterized

by strong winds and heavy rains which
revolved around a central low-pressure
area.

A result of the
atmosphere’s
natural tendency
to maintain Flood
o Large amount of water overflowing
equilibrium by from natural bodies of water.
redistributing o Is the abnormal rise of water level in
rivers, coastal areas, plains and in
heat through
highly urbanized centers.
wind from the
equatorial Flashflood
o Immediate/Sudden
regions to polar o Small streams into raging rivers.
regions. Storm Surge
o Rising waters above normal water level in
coastal area
El Nino/La Nina
 HYDRO-
MITIGATION
PreparednessChinese
(What to do before)
Term Classification of Tropical Cyclones
o Ensure what“Tai-Feng”
the house can withstand heavy A tropical cyclone is classified to its strength
rain and strong winds and grouped according to the maximum
o “Ta” means
Learn more about BIG
typhoon and other sustained winds near the center.
weather disturbances,
“Feng” means WIND their signs and
warnings, effects and dangers and how to o TROPICAL DEPRESSION- 61 KPH or
protect houseTYPHOON
and other properties. LESS
o Learn something relevant mitigation and o TROPICAL STORM- 62-88 KPH or
preparedness for tropical cyclones. LESS
o Participate actively to school’s disaster o SEVERE TROPICAL STORM- 89-117
response and drill or simulation.
KPH
Response (What to do during) o TYPHOON- 118-220 KPH
o SUPER TYPHOON- More Than 220
o Monitor through radio or other reliable
KPH
sources that has a latest official report of
PAGASA on the typhoon. RED WARNING- More than 30mm rain
o When house is no longer safe, evacuate (observe in 1 hour and expected to continue in
immediately to safer place. the next 2 hours) Seriou’s flooding expected in
o Stay indoors and away from windows.
low lying areas- RESPONSE: EVACUATION
o Keep an open line communication with
relatives that are not affected to keep them ORANGE WARNING- 15-30mm (intense)
posted. rain (observe in 1 hour and expected to
o Ensure that members of the family will continue in the next 2 hours) Flooding is
remain calm by keeping them informed of threatening- RESPONSE: ALERT for possible
latest development. evacuation

Rehabilitation (What to do after)

o Help in attending victims immediately
o Seek necessary medical assistance at
disaster station or hospital
o Help in checking house for damages
and losses.
o Coordinate with barangay officials and
LGU’s for assistance
 HYDRO-
MITIGATION
Thunderstorm and Lightning Storm Surge
o Lightning safety rules Preparedness (what to do before)
-If you hear thunder, you are within 10
o Know the storm surge risk zones and identify safer
miles of the storm and can get struck by
lightning grounds for relocation if necessary.
-stay indoors o Ensure that everyone’s familiar with the identified
-30 mins before going outside escapes routes (emergency plan)
o Calculating danger’s distance o Stay off the beach when weather disturbance exists
o Flash to Bang method Response (what to do during)
-see lightning o Move to higher grounds
-Count (1,001, 1,002... each is equivalent to o Be alert and stay away from steep, high coastal areas
1 second) until you hear thunder which are prone landslide.
- Divide the # of seconds by 5 = distance in o Switch off power supply
miles. o If caught in a storm surge, take hold of large
o Danger Indoor boulders or tree trunks which can provide protection
-stay away from windows from force of water or debris carried by flowing
-cover the mirrors water.
o Danger Outdoor Rehabilitation (what to do after)
-lightning is attracted to high area o Do not eat fresh food that came in contact with flood
-don’t shower in rain. waters
o Drinking water should be submitted to proper authorities
Flood (Before, After, During) for testing
o Check damage of the house to ensure that there is no
Long Before the Flood danger of collapse
o Know if your place is flood prone area. o Check for electrical wires
o Clean all the mud and debris
Before an Impending Flood El Nino
o Monitoring of weather forecast for scheduling farm
o Monitor activities
During the Flood o Planting varieties of rice (and other food crops that
matter) which are drought tolerant and early
o Wear safety boots to avoid diseases in maturing enough and can be harvested before
water. drought.
o Use water-saving technologies
After the Flood o Employ weather-modification methods such as
cloud seeding.
o Take precautionary measures La Nina
o Planting submergence-tolerant food crops varieties
o Adjusting the planting calendar
o Repairing infrastructure for proper flow of excessive
water.
o Use wind breaks structures to prevent damage
crops due to strong winds.
 Fire Hazard
FIRE
o Fire is tangible
o Flames can be seen
o Heat can be felt
o Smoke can be smelled

Fire Is heat and light from rapid combination of

oxygen and other materials.
INGREDIENTS OF FIRE
FIRE TETRAHEDRON
o A triangular pyramid visual aid that reminds us
of the four important ingredients required to
initiate the fire.
HEAT
It is the energy that flows from an object of high
temperature to an object of low temperature.
It can be produced in many ways, both by mana and by
nature.
It can be transferred via conduction, convection and
radiation.
o Conduction-involves direct contact of
substances, typically solids, for heat to be
transferred.
o Convection-involve the flow of liquids and
gases in the transfer of heat.
o Radiation-is manner of heat transfer that
involves only electromagnetic waves, like
sunlight, or in the case of fire-flame.
FUEL
It is any solid, liquid, or gaseous substance that can be
burned.
OXIDIZING AGENT
It is an element or a compound which releases oxygen
or other oxidizers during a chemical reaction.
CHEMICAL CHAIN REACTION
This maintain the burning, and the initial ignition
source is no longer necessary and the fire continues.
STAGES OF FIRE
IGNITION STAGE- all four ingredients for fire have
been combined.
GROWTH STAGE- it takes place when the heat
release rate increases as a result of the burning of
additional fuel.
FULLY DEVELOPED FIRE STAGE- the fire has
consumed almost all of the available combustible
materials.
DECAY STAGE- it takes place when oxygen and
fuel begin to diminish.
BACKDRAFT- is an explosive fire that happens due
the sudden introduction of oxygen into an enclosed
structure.
 Sources of Fire
FIRE
Hazard Water & Foam
HAZARDS CLASS: A&B
o This water component of this extinguisher
removes the heat of the fire, while the foam
component removes the oxygen.
Class A o Water removes the heat
o Foam removes the oxygen
o Things that transform to ashes.
o Things such as Cloths, fabric, paper, woods, plastic, Carbon Dioxide
rubber, and trash
CLASS: B&C
Class B
o Carbon dioxide replaces the fires oxygen and,
o Liquid or wet substance as the gas is contained under pressure it creates
o Alcohol, gasoline, grease, solvents, butane, a cold discharge upon release, which removes
profane, oil base paints. the heat of the fire too.
Class C o It replaces the oxygen and remove heat.

o Appliances such as electric fan, televisions, aircon, Dry Chemical

motor, transformer. CLASS: A, B, C and current
o Electricity
o This extinguisher removes the chemical
Class D
reaction of a fire, and is the most used of all
o Metals such as aluminum, magnesium, potassium, fire extinguishers because of its versatility
sodium. across multiple classes.

Class K Wet Chemical

CLASS: A, B and K
o K-stands for kitchen
o Cooking oils, animal fats, vegetable oil, waxes. o This extinguisher removes heat and creates a
barrier between oxygen and fuel so a fire
Fire cannot be re-ignited. The chemical is sprayed
o Water Extinguisher as a mist, cooling the fires heat and creating a
blanket effect over the fuel.
o Carbon Dioxide
o Powder
o Foam
o Wet Chemical
 Sources of Fire
Hazard
FIRE DETECTION DEVICES
o Smoke detectors

o Heat detector

o Flame Detector

Rules for Fighting Fire

3 A’s
Activate
o Activate the fire alarm
o Dial the hotline numbers for rescue

Assist
Attempt
o The size of fire
o Presence of toxic smoke
o A means of escape
o Instinct