Name: ______________________________________________________________________ Section Code: ________

Major Output 1
Basic Interview Techniques

Objective: To review basic interviewing techniques and to provide a framework for evaluating strengths and weaknesses
of structured and in-depth interviews.
DIRECTIONS:
1. Read Chapter 2 (interviews) of Marvasti's QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN SOCIOLOGY.(pages 14-31) as your
guide in answering this activity.
2. Since the chapter is about interviews, your task is to find a person (e.g., friend, relative, classmate, etc) who is willing
to help you with this major output. The topic for your interview will be "Exploring the extent to which men and
women adhere to traditional notions of masculinity and femininity". Formulate four (4) to six (6) questions and record
the answers in a yes-or-no format. However, make sure that you follow the guidelines suggested in the reading
assignment and avoid questions that are offensive or too direct.
3. For the second interview, find another person (to interview), preferably one with similar social characteristics to the
first person you interviewed. Then, ask him/her about the same topic, but this time let your interviewee elaborate and
take detailed notes of their answers as they speak. Unlike the first interview, do not limit the answers to a simple yes
or no.
4. Transcribe the interviews you have conducted (see sample on the next page of this activity sheet ).
5. Next, from your transcriptions, compare the answers/findings from the two interviews by completing the table below.
6. Finally, See the rubric found on the third page of this activity to know the basis as to how your output is going to be
scored.

Advantage Disadvantage

- More reliable and valid than unstructured
interviews as they allow for standardization
of questions and responses.
- It can be used to compare respondent's
Structured interview
answers more easily.
- Are less likely to be biased as the
interviewer is not allowed to deviate from
the predetermined questions.
- Time consuming as the interviewer has to
stick to the predetermined questions.
- Participants may feel uncomfortable
answering such specific questions.
- It can not provide a full picture of the
respondent's reason as they are limited to
the predetermined questions such as
answering it in "Yes or No."

- It is time consuming and expensive to

- It allows for more detailed exploration of a
conduct.
topic than a survey or questionnaire.
- It is difficult to ensure that all participants
- It provides insight into the feelings and
are providing hinest answers, as there is no
motivations behind people's decisions and
way to verify their responses.
actions.
- The result can not be generalizable to a
In-depth interview - It provides a more personal connection
larger population, as the sample size is
between the interviewer and the
usually small in this case, only one
interviewee, which can lead to more honest
respondent.
answers.
- The interviewer may introduce bias into
- It allows for more flexibility in the questions
the results if they are not careful to remain
asked and the order in which they are asked.
impartial during the interview process.
Structured Interview Transcription
Topic: “The extent to which men and women adhere to traditional notions of
masculinity and femininity”.
Question 1: Do men and women have different expectations for
their roles in society?
Answer: Yes
Question 2: Are traditional gender roles still prevalent in modern
society?
Answer: Yes
Question 3: Do people's view on gender roles differ across
cultures?
Answer: Yes

Question 4: Do adhering to traditional notions of masculinity and

feminity limit one's potential?
Answer: Yes

Question 5: Is there a difference between how men and women are

expected to behave?
Answer: Yes

Question 6: Do gender roles affect the way people interact with

each other?
Answer: Yes

Question 7: Are gender roles static or constantly changing?

Answer: Yes

Question 8: Does the changing nature of gender roles shape our

society?
Answer: Yes

Question 9: Do gender roles influence people's behavior?

Answer: Yes

Question 10: Do gender roles have an effect on power dynamics?

Answer: Yes

Finding/s:
The interviewee answered "yes" to all questions that were presented. Therefore,
the participant agreed that gender roles in the society, men and women, are
affected and still adhering to the traditional notions of masculinity and feminity.
Additionally, the participant also agreed that gender roles affect the way people
interact and behaves.
In-depth Interview Transcription
Topic: “The extent to which men and women adhere to traditional notions of
masculinity and femininity”.
Question 1: Do men and women have different expectations for their roles in
society?
Answer: Yes, because of the traditional notions of how a man and a woman should
act, the expectations for their roles to act in the society must be in line with their
gender.

Question 2: Are traditional gender roles still prevalent in modern society?

Answer: Yes, as we can all notice, some establishments hire more men then women
because of the physical characteristics of the opposite gender (woman) which cannot
survive in the workplace.

Question 3: Do people's view on gender roles differ across cultures?

Answer: Yes, Some culture accepts and respects women doing things intended for
men and vise-versa based on their culture. For example, men must not wash dishes
for it might change his gender.

Question 4: Do adhering to traditional notions of masculinity and feminity limit

one's potential?
Answer: Yes, There are jobs intended for men which women must not do where in
fact women can actually do it as well.

Question 5: Is there a difference between how men and women are expected to
behave?
Answer: Yes, Men must behave as a strong and bold person while women must
behave like how a woman behaves, such as gentle and feminine.

Question 6: Do gender roles affect the way people interact with each other?
Answer: Yes, I agree with he gender roles affecting how we interact with each other
because if you have friends who are all girls and your are a man, people might
misinterpret your gender as another gender.

Question 7: Are gender roles static or constantly changing?

Answer: Yes, Gebder roles actually is changing because of the new notions that
people raise to he government such as women empowerment or gender equality.

Question 8: Does the changing nature of gender roles shape our society?
Answer: Yes, People always accept the changing of gender roles as one factor
affecting society in terms of politics. They said that only men are allowed to rule a
society but actually, women can also do the same, in fact, most women who are in
politics are well-known.

Question 9: Do gender roles influence people's behavior?

Answer: Yes, A person told to act like this and that would surely follow especially if
it's what the community told them to do. Therefore, even if a woman wants to act as
a man or behave as a man, she is deprived, she'll lose confidence.
Question 10: Do gender roles have an effect on power dynamics?
Answer: Yes, If the majority of people in the society are men or dominated by men,
then, some of women's suggestions or concerns will be declined and set aside
especially if it doesn't benefit them (men).

Finding/s:
The interviewee gave a thorough and detailed explanation about his reasons or
opinions on he questions that were presented. Overall, the interviewer concluded
that the participant's opinion regarding the traditional notions of masculinity and
feminity affects the view of modern society in terms of how men and women must
behave, interact, and their expectations for their roles in the society.
RUBRIC for Major Output 1: Basic Interview Techniques

EXCELLENT VERY GOOD FAIR POOR total

CRITERIA
(5) GOOD (4) (3) (2) (1) score
Number of interview Student is able Student is able Student is able Student is able Questions
questions formulated to formulate to formulate 3 to formulate to formulate formulated is not
that are appropriate to four (4) or (three) (two) 2 (one) 1 appropriate to the
the given topic (for more interview interview interview interview given topic
structured interview) questions that questions that questions that question that X2
are appropriate are are appropriate are appropriate
to the given appropriate to to the given to the given
topic the given topic topic topic
Number of interview Student is able Student is able Student is able Student is able Questions
questions formulated to formulate to formulate 3 to formulate to formulate formulated is not
that are appropriate to four (4) or (three) (two) 2 (one) 1 appropriate to the
the given topic (for in- more interview interview interview interview given topic
depth interview) questions that questions that questions that question that X2
are appropriate are are appropriate are appropriate
to the given appropriate to to the given to the given
topic the given topic topic topic
Finding/s derived from Finding/s Finding/s derived
structured interview is/ derived from from structured
are based on the structured interview is/are
content of what is interview is/are NOT based on X1
transcribed based on the the content of
content of what what is
is transcribed transcribed
Finding/s derived from Finding/s Finding/s derived
in-depth interview is/ derived from from structured
are based on the structured interview is/are
content of what is interview is/are NOT based on X1
transcribed based on the the content of
content of what what is
is transcribed transcribed
Correctly identified the Correctly identified Correctly identified DID NOT identify an
ADVANTAGES of two (2) one (1) ADVANTAGE of
ADVANTAGES of ADVANTAGE of STRUCTURED
STRUCTURED STRUCTURED STRUCTURED INTERVIEW (as
INTERVIEW (as INTERVIEW (as INTERVIEW (as discussed in the X1
discussed in the source discussed in the discussed in the source material
material provided for) source material source material provided for)
provided for) provided for)

Correctly identified the Correctly identified Correctly identified DID NOT identify a
DISADVANTAGES of two (2) one (1) DISADVANTAGE of
DISADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGE of STRUCTURED
STRUCTURED of STRUCTURED STRUCTURED INTERVIEW (as
INTERVIEW (as INTERVIEW (as INTERVIEW (as discussed in the X1
discussed in the source discussed in the discussed in the source material
material provided for) source material source material provided for)
provided for) provided for)

Correctly identified the Correctly identified Correctly identified DID NOT identify an
ADVANTAGES of IN- two (2) one (1) ADVANTAGE of IN-
ADVANTAGES of ADVANTAGE of DEPTH
DEPTH INTERVIEW IN_DEPTH IN-DEPTH INTERVIEW (as
(as discussed in the INTERVIEW (as INTERVIEW (as discussed in the X1
source material discussed in the discussed in the source material
provided for) source material source material provided for)
provided for) provided for)
Correctly identified the Correctly identified Correctly identified DID NOT identify a
DISADVANTAGES of IN- two (2) one (1) DISADVANTAGE of
DISADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGE of IN-DEPTH
DEPTH INTERVIEW of IN-DEPTH IN-DEPTH INTERVIEW (as
(as discussed in the INTERVIEW (as INTERVIEW (as discussed in the X1
source material discussed in the discussed in the source material
provided for) source material source material provided for)
provided for) provided for)

Format Student is able to Student is NOT Student is NOT able Student is NOT Student is NOT able
follow ALL format able to follow 1-2 to follow 3-4 format able to follow 4-6 to follow 7 or more
specifications format specifications format format specifications
indicated in pages specifications indicated in pages specifications indicated in pages X1
1-2. indicated in pages 1-2. indicated in pages 1-2.
1-2. 1-2.

Total score