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Phylum Cnidaria Test
True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. Mark “a” for true and “b” for false.

1. Polyps are a body form of cnidarians that are specialized for swimming.
2. Cnidarians are characterized by stinging spicules.
3. The life cycle of anthozoans includes medusae, planulae, and polyps.
4. A group of jellyfish is called a smack.

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

5. Refer to the illustration above. Which organism in the diagrams is most closely related to a jellyfish?
a. Organism “A” c. Organism “C”
b. Organism “B” d. Organism “D”

6. Refer to the illustration above. Which organism in the diagrams captures its prey using nematocysts?
a. Organism “A” c. Organism “C”
b. Organism “B” d. Organism “D”

7. Many cnidarians have two distinct life stages (or body styles) called
a. the gametophyte and the sporophyte. c. egg and adult.
b. the polyp and the medusa. d. egg and larva.

8. Nematocysts
a. contain harpoonlike structures called amoebocytes.
b. create water currents in sponges.
c. can spear a sea anemone’s prey.
d. are found in most predatory arthropods.

9. The cnidarian’s inner layer of tissue is specialized for

a. digestion. c. capturing prey.
b. reproduction. d. All of the above

10. The outer cell layer of a cnidarian is the

a. gastrodermis. c. endoderm.
b. mesoglea. d. epidermis.
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11. Which of the following is a characteristic associated only with cnidarians?
a. pores c. choanocytes containing nematocysts
b. tentacles with stinging cells d. a parasitic life cycle

12. sponges cnidarians are

only cellular as

a. cephalized c. diploblastic
b. bilateral symmetry d. choanocytes

13.This is the life cycle of which colonial organism:

a. moon jellyfish c. sea anemone
b. obeila d. coral

14.Planula larvae of the moon jellyfish

a. result from a growing blastula.
b. swim freely through the water.
c. settle to the ocean bottom and strobilate.
d. All of the above

15.Which of the following is not sessile as an adult?

a. lion’s mane c. sea anemone
b. coral d. sponge

16.Sea anemones are

a. medusae. b. polyps. c. ctenophores d. sponges..

17.Anthozoans include organisms known as

a. jellyfish. c. Portuguese men-of-war.
b. hydras. d. sea anemones and corals.

18.Scyphozoans spend most of their lives as

a. polyps. c. corals.
b. medusae. d. parasites.

19.The class of cnidarians that typically live only as polyps is the

a. Anthozoa. c. Scyphozoa.
b. Hydrozoa. d. None of the above

20. Which cnidarian sensory structure is specialized to detect gravity?

a. ocelli c. cnidocytes
b. amoebocytes d. statocysts

21.Cnidarians are diploblastic, meaning they have

a. two choanocytes c. two tentacles
b. two tissue layers d. two body shapes

22. Cnidarians that typically build a skeleton of calcium carbonate belong to the class known as the
a. Cubazoans. c. Anthazoans.
b. Scyphozoans. d. Hydrozoans
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23.Cnidarians are dimorphic, meaning they have
a. two choanocytes. c. two tentacles.
b. two tissue layers. d. two body shapes.

24.All of the following are cnidarians EXCEPT

a. Venus’s flower basket c. obelia
b. hydra d. coral

25. Corals exist in a symbiotic relationship with

a. yeast. b. zooxanthellae. c. hydras d. jellyfish

26. A hydra exhibits

a. astronomical symmetry. c. bilateral symmetry.
b. spherical symmetry. d. radial symmetry.

27. Characteristics of cnidarians include all of the following except

a. nematocysts. c. gastrovascular cavity.
b. choanocytes. d. tentacles.

28. sponge : amoebocyte :: cnidarian :

a. interstitial cell c. nerve cell
b. gland cell d. nutritive cell

29. The movements of cnidarians are coordinated by their

a. gastrodermis. c. nematocysts.
b. mesoglea. d. nerve net.

30. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

a. A medusa is the sessile form of a cnidarian. c. A cnidarian uses its tentacles to capture food.
b. Cnidarians can reproduce sexually. d. Corals and hydras are examples of cnidarians.

31. In many cnidarians, zooxanthellae live within their tissues. Zooxanthellae are a type of _____.
a. shrimp c. sponge
b. fish d. algae

32. Like sponges, hydras can reproduce asexually by means of _________.

a. external fertilization. c. budding.
b. gemmules. d. internal fertilization.

33. Coral reefs occur in areas where there are ___________.

a. adequate levels of light c. high levels of sediments.
b. very deep waters. d. very cold waters.

34. Nematocysts use a __________ to paralyze prey.

a. medusazooid c. carbohydrate
b. neurotoxin d. mesoglea

35. Which of the following cnidarians is known to kill humans in just a few minutes?
a. moon jelly c. brain coral
b. hydra d. box jelly
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True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. Mark “a” for true and “b” for false.

36. Of the 10,000 species of Cnidarians, the majority are scyphozoans.

37. All Cnidarians have parasitic algae in their mesodermal layer.
38. Cnidarians have radial symmetry and are cephalized.
39. Coral reefs play a major role in the marine ecosystem.
40. An adult Aurelia aurita is a dioecious heterotroph.
41. A jellyfish may be able to regenerate a tentacle if it has been removed.
42. The Great Barrier Reef is so large that it can be seen from outer space.
43. Both sponges and Cnidarians exhibit a tissue level of organization.
44. Jellyfish have no predators.
45. Cnidarians can only be found living in colonies.

Matching
Match the characters in the word bank to their roles in The Adventure of the Lion’s Mane.

a. Sherlock Holmes b. Ian Murdoch c. Fitzroy McPherson

d. Maud Bellamy e. Harold Stackhurst

46. exposed his anger by throwing a dog through a glass window

47. the main detective in the mystery
48. the deliverer of the “love message” to meet on Tuesday
49. fiancé of the dead man
50. person who died in during the story
51. one who was injured in the same manner as the deceased
52. was the main suspect as the murderer
53. owner and head scholar of The Gables
54. narrator of the story
55. very demanding math teacher at The Gables

Match the organisms in the word bank to their function in items 56 – 60.
a. pneumatophore b. dactylozooid c. gastrozooid d. gonozooid e. medusazooid

56. balloon-like portion filled with carbon monoxide gas

57. reproductive organisms
58. tentacles that catch, sting, and bring food in
59. digestive organisms in charge of breaking down food
60. are found in a man-of-war (mark all that apply)
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Use the items in the word bank to label the organism in items 61 – 70 (all items will be used).
a. gonad c. ring canal e. radial canal b. manubrium d. aboral region
b. stomach d. tentacle a. oral region c. tentacular bulb e. oral arm

61. (top area)

62.
70.
63.
69.
64.
68.
65.

66.
67. (bottom area)

For items 71 – 75, use the terms below to label the parts of the Cnidarian (not all will be used).
a. mesoglea a. mouth
b. epidermis b. polyp
c. amoebocyte c. spicule
d. medusa d. cnidocyte
e. scyphistoma e. gastrodermis

71. type of body shape illustrated here:

75.
72.

73.

74.
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76. In cnidarians, statocysts are comprised of mineral grains called __________.
a. otoliths c. ocelli
b. nematocysts d. flagella

77. Which of the following structures allow cnidarians to detect light?

a. otoliths c. ocelli
b. nematocysts d. flagella

78. Which of the following reef structures forms when a volcanic island subsides completely back into
the ocean?
a. barrier reef c. fringing reef
b. atoll d. desolate reef

79. In the coral reef, a cleaner shrimp and a goby often live together in a small burrow. This is an
example of what type of symbiosis?
a. commensalism b. parasitism
b. competition d. mutualism

80. Which of the following is a reason why coral reefs are important to humans?
a. Reefs provide habitats for many species of fish and marine invertebrates.
b. Scientists are discovering medical treatments that come from coral reef organisms.
c. Reefs slow down the erosion process in many coastal communities.
d. All of the above

For slides numbered 81 – 100, match the organism with its class.

a. Anthozoa 81. _________________ 91. _________________

b. Cubozoa
82. ________________ 92. _________________
c. Hydrozoa
d. Scyphozoa 83. _________________ 93. _________________

84. _________________ 94. _________________

85. _________________ 95. _________________

86. _________________ 96. _________________

87. _________________ 97. _________________

88. _________________ 98. _________________

89. _________________ 99. _________________

90. _________________ 100. _________________

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