8. 4 Predicting the stability of an ion in aqueous solution Exercise 8.

Ti2+ + 2e → Ti E = -1.63 V 1. Using the relevant standard electrode potentials in the Data Booklet, determine whether
the corrosion of titanium in an acidic condition is spontaneous [2006 P2 Q6b)] [4 marks]
Ti3+ + e → Ti2+ E = -0.37 V
2H+ + 2e → H2 E = 0.00 V Ti2+ + 2e → Ti E = -1.63 V
Ti3+ + e → Ti2+ E = -0.37 V
2H+ + 2e → H2 E = 0.00 V
1. When 1.0 mol dm-3 HCl is added to titanium metal at 250C
• Titanium will react with H+ to form Ti2+
• The Ti2+ is then converted to Ti3+

Fe2+ + 2e ↔ Fe E = -0.44 V
Fe3+ + 3e ↔ Fe E = +0.30 V
Fe3+ + e ↔ Fe2+ E = +0.77 V
2H+ + 2e ↔ H2 E = 0.00 V
½ O2 + 2H+ + 2e ↔ H2O E = + 1.23 V

2. Base on above reaction

• In the absence of air, iron will react with acid and form Fe2+, the Fe2+ formed
cannot be oxidized to Fe3+ by H+ (Fe2+ is more stable in acid than Fe3+)
• In the presence of air, iron will be oxidized to Fe2+ and then Fe3+ (Fe3+ is more
stable than Fe2+ when oxygen is present)

II) Explain why titanium is still used as an alloy to make the frames of racing bicycles and
spectacles despite its large negative reduction potential. [2]

郑老师 SPM STPM Physics & Chemistry 网上专科补习班 012 962 3130 1
2. STPM 2015 R Q19a)

Iron (II) compounds are readily oxidised in air. Based on the data below, predict whether iron
(II) compounds are more readily oxidised in alkaline or acidic medium. Explain your answer.
[8 marks]

郑老师 SPM STPM Physics & Chemistry 网上专科补习班 012 962 3130 2