WMSU BUENOS DIAS

COLLEGE OF NURSING
WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY
 Topic 2
WMSU Health Education Process

PREPARED BY: ANN A. TANTOCO

WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the topic discussion, students shall be able to:
1. Define the following terms and its concept:
✓Education process, health education process, teaching-
learning process, teaching, learning.
2. Identify the purpose, benefits, and goals of patient and
staff education.
3. Compare and contrast the education process to the
nursing process.
OBJECTIVES
4. State the nurse educator’s role in the learning process.
5. Identify the three components of what is known as “determinants
of learning.”
6. Describe the steps involved in the assessment of learning needs.
7. Explain methods that can be used to assess learner needs.
8. Discuss the factors that need to be assessed in
each of the four types of readiness to learn.
9. Describe what is meant by learning styles.
10. Discriminate between the major learning styles identified.
11. Discuss ways to assess learning styles.
HEALTH EDUCATION – is a process concerned with
designing, implementing and evaluating educational
programs that enable families, groups, organizations and
communities to play active roles in achieving, protecting
and sustaining health.
• Its purpose is to contribute to health and well-being by
promoting lifestyles, community actions and conditions
that make it possible to live healthful lives.
• [the Code of Ethics for Health Educators, Association for
the Advancement of Health Education]
WMSU

WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

 EDUCATION PROCESS
• Is a systematic, sequential, logical, scientifically-based,
planned course of action consisting of 2 interdependent
operations, teaching & learning.
• Together (the teacher & the learner), they jointly
performed teaching & learning activities, the outcome of
which leads to mutually desired behavior changes.
 TEACHING
• Is a deliberate intervention involving the planning
and implementation of instructional activities and
experiences to meet the intended learner outcomes
based on the teaching plan
 INSTRUCTION
• Is just one aspect of teaching which involves
communicating information about a specific skill
[cognitive, affective or psychomotor].
 LEARNING
• Is a change in behavior [knowledge, skills and attitudes]
that can occur at any time or in any place as a result of
exposure to environmental stimuli.
 PATIENT EDUCATION
• A process of assisting people to learn health-related
behaviors [KSA, values] which can be incorporated in
their everyday lives.

STAFF EDUCATION
• The nurse as a health educator needs to be
knowledgeable about principles of T&L.
• Instead the “teacher teaching” focus on the “learner
learning”
3 PILLARS OF THE TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS

1. TEACHER
2. LEARNER
3. SUBJECT-MATTER
 COMPARISON OF THE
NURSING PROCESS AND
THE EDUCATION PROCESS

WMSU

WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS & NURSING PROCESS: A COMPARISON

•The teaching-learning process & the nursing process are interdependent.

Teaching-Learning Process Nursing Process

Assessment Assessment

Identification of Learning Needs Nursing Diagnosis

Planning Planning

Goals Objectives Content

Implementation of Teaching Strategies Implementation

Evaluation Evaluation

Learner’s Progress Teaching Efficacy

SIMILARITIES [BASTABLE 2003]
1. Both consist of the basic elements of assessment,
planning, implementation and evaluation;
2. Both are methods for monitoring and judging the
overall quality of nursing interventions based on
objective data and scientific criteria
DIFFERENCES
1. NP focuses on planning and implementation of care
based on assessment and diagnosis of the patient’s
physical and psychosocial needs
2. EP identifies instructional content and methods based
on assessment of the client’s learning needs,
readiness to learn and learning styles;
Accdg. to Wagner and Ash [1998]
• The role of the educator is not primarily to teach, but to
promote learning and to provide for an environment
conducive to learning.
ASSESSING THE LEARNER
Determinants of Learning
▪ Learning Needs
▪ Readiness to Learn
▪ Learning Styles
THE EDUCATOR’S ROLE IN LEARNING
(a) assessing problems or deficits,

(b) providing appropriate information and presenting it in unique ways,

(c) identifying progress being made,

(d) giving feedback and follow-up,

(e) Reinforcing learning in the acquisition of knowledge, the performance of a skill,

or a change in attitude, and

(f) evaluating learners’ abilities.

ASSESSMENT OF THE
LEARNER
What is it about assessment that is so significant and fundamental to the
educational process, and why is it often overlooked or only partially
carried out?
DETERMINANTS OF LEARNING
1. LEARNING NEEDS
2. READINESS TO LEARN
3. LEARNING STYLE
LEARNING NEEDS
• are defined as gaps in knowledge that exist between a
desired level of performance and the actual level of
performance
STEPS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING NEEDS
1. Identify the learner.
2. Choose the right setting.
3. Collect data on the learner.
4. Include the learner as a source of information.
5. Involve members of the healthcare team.
6. Prioritize needs.
7. Determine availability of educational resources.
8. Assess demands of the organization.
9. Take time-management issues into account.
Criteria for prioritizing learning needs
• Mandatory: Needs that must be learned for survival or
situations in which the learner’s life or safety is
threatened.
• Desirable: Needs that are not life-dependent but are
related to well-being.
• Possible: Needs for information that are “nice to know”
but not essential or required or situations in which the
learning need is not directly related to daily activities.
METHODS TO ASSESS LEARNING NEEDS
1. Informal Conversations
2. Structured Interviews
3. Focus Groups
4. Self-Administered Questionnaires
5. Tests
6. Observations
7. Patient Charts
READINESS TO LEARN
• can be defined as the time when the learner
demonstrates an interest in learning the type or degree of
information necessary to maintain optimal health or to
become more skillful in a job.
Take time to take a PEEK at
the four types of readiness to learn
P = PHYSICAL E = EMOTIONAL E = EXPERIENTIAL K = KNOWLEDGE
READINESS READINESS READINESS READINESS

•• Present knowledge
• Measures of ability • Anxiety level • Level of aspiration
base

• Past coping
• Complexity of task • Support system • Cognitive ability
mechanisms

• Environmental effects • Motivation • Cultural background • Learning disabilities

• Health status • Risk-taking behavior • Locus of control • Learning styles

• Gender • Frame of mind • Orientation • Past cop

• Developmental stage