~~ ntroduction: Figure 4.1a yy the picture Light Light source is reflected b Light is a form of energy. Light is required to s the beautiful world around us because of lig books and watch television due to the existe to see our image in a looking mirror. We dete the various objects around us with our eyes We also need a source of light to make objec ey! ae 2 =< dark bed room or in the dark . Larts \ding upon the nature of Surface we? efi ly ; ner! s : or lection: irr” ‘at : al ed mir hrough a certain medium on Striking sop, ¢mirt 3 * Is 0 kin the same medium as a parallel bean Ki"4 A irr’ r reflection or specular reflection, 1)Plane mir mil BUM | REGULAR/ SPECULAR REFLECTION 2) Curved it is ce is ‘ities light lace |, shed Figure 4.2 si Ar reflection. Regular reflection helP kers, flection:(o ed reflection. Regular reflection help, ers. lection: through a certain medium on Stil Inciden AO in Point 4poin Refleg Teflecy Norm, Nitto 7 4.3 Irregular reflectiontH Kinds of mirrors: There are two kinds of mirrc | 4) Plane mirror: A highly polished plane surf | 2) Curved mirror: A highly polished curved s incidence normal | angle of | angle of reflection ray incidence | reflection normal | Figure 4.4a rh : i Incident ray: A ray of light which travels towar / AO in figure 4.4b is an incident ray. Point of incidence: The point on a mirror, whsurface is called plane mirror, ved surface is called curved Mirror. Plane mirror Angle of incidence Point of Angle.of incidence reflection Figure 4.4b toward a mirror is called an incident ray.flight the angle of - 1s2074aR jatch?v= a ray or. If incidence ray Reflection ray or, it al to such Figure 4.5Angle of I Angle of incidence Equal Reflection Incident ray Reflected ray Plane mirrorReflecting surface@aaenuUc? principal axis 3 g 5 Figure 4.8aImage Turns around Its horizontal axis through Horizontal axis laterally inverted image Figure 4.10 Real Image Real ImagePlane Light rays " mirror Object to be seen (Here a tree) +¢-— Periscope T High wall ————> {Obstracle)Hollowsphere of glass Cc ' *%. Centre of 1 OC "Centre of - “curvature !, ,curvature.” Porreeetiae N . ee eeett (a) Concave mirror Redius of (b) Convex Mirror curvature Figure 4.18A light ray travelling parallel to the principal axis is reflected back through F. A light ray Passing through F is reflected back parallel to the principal axis. — The angle of incidence of the light striking the pole is equal to the angle of reflection >=} A light ray passing trough the centre (C) is reflected back again through the point C.concave mirror M Parallel rays Principal axis I I I I j~=<——_ f ——_», Focal lengthA At infinity BAtre of curvature, but is not atinity centre of y of light lel to the along AD, > point F. along AC, ts path. from point and E, after Figure 4.24 *by forming an image A’B’concave mirror Figure 4,26Figure 4.27Concave Mirror - Object between Pole (P) & Focus (F) Figure 4.28Position of Object: at infinity Position of image: The focus Properties of the image: highly diminished, real and inverted > Position of Object: atC Position of image: at C Properties of the image: same size as the pbiect. real and inverted | =<) sidan ida annual Position of Object: beyond C Position of image: between C and F Properties of the image: is diminished, real and inverted Position of Object: between C and F Position of image: beyond C Properties of the image: enlared, real and inverted Figure 4.292 from the principal focus of the convex mirrg, w 1 fro th! co the \ ,) For ynvex irallel ro paralle get ref enters of the rie Charag path. 1) The Nirror 2) The Figure 4.31 ThaisCeltic ey Figure 4.33 yr. Other positions are not possible because ture are behind the reflectina surface of theFigure 4.34