CIVL108:

CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
 UNIT III
Construction scheduling
 SCHEDULING
Scheduling gives an idea about the time at which each activity or event of
construction should occur. Scheduling of construction work is necessary after
planning to complete the work in time. Scheduling may be defined as:
“A process of programming or setting up of various construction activities in
order, by proposing the starting and finishing dates to each activity of the
project, so that the entire work is completed in time and in convenient and
systematic manner”.
For example:
Time table schedule in schools. The time table chart clearly depicts date wise,
the name of particular subject period to be conducted at a particular time,
along with the name of teacher and the subsequent periods to be followed on
that day.
 • ADVANTAGES OF SCHEDULING
Scheduling i.e. sequence of operations to be followed for the execution of the project has
the following advantages:

• Scheduling helps to find out actual progress of the work. From the progress bar charts, it
can be known easily that whether the work is lagging behind or not. Accordingly, special
care is taken up for certain activities.

• It helps to analyze interdependency of certain activities. For e.g. Slab reinforcement can be
laid by bar benders only, when the shuttering work is complete.

• It helps in utilizing the available resources properly i.e. men, machines, materials and
money to their maximum output.
• The scheduled charts give the clear picture about the type, quantity and duration of
construction materials required at different stages of construction work along with the
time for delivering them.

• One of the main advantage of scheduling is to find out the most economical and suitable
method of construction. It is analyzed by studying and comparing alternate routes of
construction.

• It helps to arrange in advance skilled and unskilled laborers needed for construction
project.

• The equipment schedule help us to determine the type, number and duration of use for
different construction equipment's. It is essential for efficient utilization of machinery
and reduce the cost of project.
 CLASSIFICATION OF SCHEDULES

1. CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE

2. EQUIPMENT SCHEDULE

3. MATERIAL SCHEDULE

4. LABOUR SCHEDULE

5. FINANCIAL SCHEDULE

6. PROGRESS SCHEDULE OR CONTROL SCHEDULE

7. ORGANIZATION SCHEDULE

8. Training schedule,

9. Inspection schedule
10. Maintenance schedule
1. CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
• A typical construction schedule is given in table 2.1. Before preparing a
construction schedule, a project work should be divided into various
operations. The quantity of work and rate of performance should be
determined for each operation. While considering the rate of unit of
performance should be determined for each operation.
• While considering the rate of work, suitable allowance should be made for
unforeseen events like bad weather. The minimum number of laborers and
units of machines should be selected as per the requirement to make an
economical project.
• The interdependency of different operations should be studied carefully to
determine suitable changes. For e.g. a particular operation may be delayed
for some time to transfer workforce and units of equipment from one place
to another, thereby reducing the cost of completion of project.
2. EQUIPMENT SCHEDULE

• A schedule which indicates the number of machines and equipment's to

be used in construction project during different periods of time, along
with the duration of use is termed as equipment schedule.

• The equipment schedule is prepared with the aid of construction

schedule and such a schedule should assure that, equipment will be
used properly and efficiently to prevent financial losses.
3. MATERIAL SCHEDULE
A schedule which gives information about the type and quantities of different
construction materials required at the site, along with the delivery dates for
each type of material is termed as material schedule. While preparing this
schedule, it should be ensured that:
• Material should be delivered at the construction site far enough in advance
of their requirement for continuity of project.
• Material should not reach too far in advance of the need at the work site, as
they may get damaged or deteriorate due to improper storage place or may
cause the congestion of working place.

A material schedule should be prepared well in advance by the contractor and

the information about delivery dates to be given to the material supplier, so
that they can arrange to furnish the materials as per the need.
4. LABOR SCHEDULE OR EMPLOYMENT SCHEDULE

A schedule which indicates the classification and number of laborers required for the
construction of each operation in a project is termed as labor schedule. It is also known as
employment schedule. It also gives information about the periods (time) during which they
will be needed.

A labor schedule helps:

• To determine total number of laborers for each classification. For e.g., total number of
carpenters, welders, masons etc.

• To reduce the overall labor cost.

• To arrange the laborers for each operation well before in advance.

5. FINANCIAL SCHEDULE
• It is also prepared from the construction schedule.

• A schedule which specifies “The probable total expenditure to occur during

construction of each operation and the estimated receipts, through any desired
dates is termed as financial schedule”.

• The difference between total expenditure and the receipts will indicate the
amount of funds needed by the contractor to be arranged from sources other
than the owner. Usually 90% money is paid by the owner to the contractor at
specified levels or dates and 10% money is retained.
6. CONTROL SCHEDULE
• A Schedule prepared at specified time intervals by project-in-charge for
submitting reports to the headquarters office (higher authorities), about the
actual progress of construction work at site is termed as control schedule.

• This schedule is also known as progress schedule.

• These reports may be submitted daily, or once in a week or after every month.

• These reports present a close control at the progress of work and corrective
steps may be taken suitably, if the project is behind schedule.
7. ORGANIZATIONAL SCHEDULE

A schedule or chart which clearly explains the hierarchy of employees i.e.

relative position of supervisors or workers within the organization is termed as
organizational schedule. This organizational schedule is helpful:

• To remove misunderstandings or doubts about status of seniority in the

organization.

• To develop inter-relation between different employees within the

organization.

• To use powers or instructional authority to guide his fellow men.