MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

Q1. Define manufacturing.

Ans.1. Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more
valuable products is called manufacturing. The Economic Strength of a country is measured by
the development of manufacturing industries.

Q2. Explain the importance of manufacturing.

Ans.2.•Manufacturing industries help in modernizing agriculture which is the backbone of our
economy.
• Manufacturing reduces the heavy dependence of people on agriculture by providing
them jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors.
•Industrial development is a precondition for eradication of unemployment and poverty.
• Industries bring down regional disparities by establishing industries in tribal and
backward areas.
• Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce and brings in much
needed foreign exchange.
• Countries that transform their raw materials into a wide variety of furnished goods of
higher value are prosperous.

Q3."Agriculture and industries go hand in hand". Explain.

Ans.3 •Agriculture and industry are not exclusive of each other. They move hand in hand.
•The Agro industries in India have given a major boost to agriculture by raising its productivity.
•Agro based industries depends on agriculture for raw materials like cotton, rubber, sugarcane,
coffee, etc.
• Agriculture is dependent on industries for their products such as irrigation pumps, fertilizers,
insecticides, pesticides, pipes, machines and tools.
•Industries have helped agricultural processes to get more productive and efficient.

Q4.What is the role of NMCC ?

Ans4.•Over the last 2 decades, the share of the manufacturing sector has stagnated at 17%
of GDP- out of a total of 27% for the industry. .
•With appropriate policy interventions by the government and renewed efforts by the
industry to improve productivity, economists predict that manufacturing can achieve its target
over the next decade.
• The National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council (NMCC) has been set up
with this objective.

Q5.What factors are responsible for the location of industries ?

Ans5.Land, Labour, Market, Capital, Energy, Raw Material etc. The keys to the factory location
are Government Policy, Least cost and skilled labour .

Q6.Classify industries on different basis.

Ans6. Refer to page number 67 of your NCERT textbook. Define each type of industry and
write two examples of each.
 Q7.Write a note on textile industries of India.
Ans7.Textile industry occupies a unique position in the Indian economy--
•It contributes significantly to industrial production i.e.14%.
• It gives employment to a large number of people i.e. 35 million people (second
largest after agriculture).
•It helps in earning a good amount of foreign exchange i.e. 24.6%.
•It contributes 4% towards GDP.
• It is the only industry in the country which is self reliant and complete in the value chain i.e.
from raw material to the highest value-added products.