1

BTI 7000 Series Training — Transponders

Outline 2

 Transponder Overview
• Transponder Hardware
• Wavelength Conversion Strategy
• Protection Architectures

 Transponder Provisioning
• Cross Connects
• Protection Groups
• Fault Management
• Loopback
 Troubleshooting
Multiprotocol Transponder Overview 3

Features
 Single slot modules delivering up to 10 Gbps s
• Transponder & Dual Transponder architectures Dual 10G Multiprotocol Transponder

• 2.5 Gbps, 4 Gbps, and 10 Gbps transmission options

• SFP/XFP client and line versatility and sparing simplicity
Dual 10G Multiprotocol Transponder Lite
 Multiprotocol to address all service requirements
 Integrated 1+1 WAN protection (DTPR portfolio)
10G Multiprotocol Transponder
 Extensive performance monitoring capabilities

Applications 10G Multiprotocol Transponder Tunable

 Any-to-any wavelength translation

 Reach extension via regeneration
 High capacity private line connectivity Dual 4.0G Multiprotocol Transponder (WM+WR)

Client Line Client 1 Line 1

Dual 2.5G Multiprotocol Transponder (WM+WR)
Client 2 Line 2

Client Line W

Line P
Wavelength Conversion Strategy 4

• Wavelength demarcation at • Cost-optimized line site

customer access or aggregation regeneration
point • 1550/1550, CWDM/CWDM,
• ITU mapping and aggregation DWDM/DWDM

WC
WC WC

 Wavelength demarcation at customer access or aggregation point

 Any reach (SR, IR, LR) to any reach
 Any wavelength to any wavelength (850 nm, 1310 nm, 1550 nm, CWDM, DWDM)
 ITU-T CWDM/DWDM multiplexing and OADM
 2R or 3R or 4R regeneration
 100 Mb/s to 2.7 Gb/s, and 10 Gb/s
 Loop back and SFP DDM features
 Evolution to Wavelength Manager for PMs (Ethernet, SONET, FC) and advanced
cross-connect features (multi-cast, protection switching)
Application Detail 5

10Gbps Multiprotocol Connectivity

10GbE 10GbE
850nm 850nm

10GbE 10GbE
850nm 850nm

10GbE 10GbE
850nm 850nm

10G FC 10G FC
850nm BTI 7060 BTI 7060 850nm

 2U small footprint, high density 10G BTI 7060

 Support any client interface DWDM Mux/Demux

10GDTPR 10GDTPR
 Full Performance Monitoring Filler
 Optional line protection
 Upgradeable to additional channels on same fiber
 6
Transponder Protection Architectures
Client Line
Client W W Client #1 1
Equipment Unprotected Equipment

W W Client Line
Client Client
#1 1
Equipment Equipment
W Unprotected W #2 2
(2 Clients)

Client Line
Client W W Client #1 1 (W)
Equipment Equipment
1 (P)
Line Protection
Client Line
W W
Client Client W 1 (W)
Equipment Equipment
P P P 1 (P)
Client Protection

Client Line
W W
Client Client W 1 (W)
Equipment Equipment
P P P 1 (P)

Client Protection with Equipment Protection

10G Transponders Comparison 7

Dual 10G Multiprotocol Transponder – Fully Featured (4 port)

Two transponders
Full PMs
Client OTN Encapsulation
Optional 1+1 Protection based on SD, LOS, LOF, LOSync

10G Multiprotocol Transponder – Fully Featured (2 port)

Single transponder
Full PMs
OTN Encapsulation
No Protection

Dual 10G Multiprotocol Transponder – Cost Reduced (Lite – 4 port)

Two transponders
Limited PMs
No Client OTN Encapsulation
1+1 Protection based on LOS, LOL
10G Transponder Portfolio Comparison 8

10G DTPR 10G TPR 10G DTPR Lite

Module Features Automatic Protection Switching Automatic Protection Switching
Ethernet Fault Propagation Ethernet Fault Propagation
Loopback Loopback Loopback
3R Regeneration 3R Regeneration 3R Regeneration
4R Regeneration (SONET/SDH) 4R Regeneration (SONET/SDH)
Performance
Monitoring
Physical Layer XFP Optical Power Tx/Rx, XFP XFP Optical Power Tx/Rx, XFP XFP Optical Power Tx/Rx, XFP
Laser Bias Current, Supply Laser Bias Current, Supply Laser Bias Current, Supply
Voltage, Temperature Voltage, Temperature Voltage, Temperature
SONET LOS, LOF, Section Trace LOS, LOF, Section Trace LOS
mismatch, CV-S, ES-S, SES-S, mismatch, CV-S, ES-S, SES-S,
SEF-S SEF-S
SDH LOS, LOF, Section Trace LOS, LOF, Section Trace LOS
mismatch, RS-EB, RS-BBE, RS- mismatch, RS-EB, RS-BBE, RS-
ES, RS-SES, RS-OFS ES, RS-SES, RS-OFS
Ethernet LOS, LOSYNC, ES, SES, LOS, LOSYNC, ES, SES, INVBLK, LOS
INVBLK, RMON 2819 Ethernet RMON 2819 Ethernet Statistics
Statistics
G.709 OTN (OTU-2) CV, ES-S, SES-S, SEF-S, TIM CV, ES-S, SES-S, SEF-S, TIM LOS
FEC NUMBITSCR, NUMBYTESCR, NUMBITSCR, NUMBYTESCR,
UNCRCDWRD UNCRCDWRD
Client Mapping
Native Transport ◊ ◊ ◊
OTN (OTU-2) ◊ ◊
FEC/EFEC ◊ ◊
FULLY FEATURED SINGLE TRANSPONDER DUAL TRANSPONDER
HIGH DENSITY FULLY FEATURED REDUCED FEATURES
 4-Port 1G Wavelength Regenerator 9

 Up to 1Gb/s
 Protocols:
• GbE – 1000BaseX, 100FX, FC1, ESCON,
FDDI, OC-3/12, STM-1/4, DVB-ASI video
 Pluggable SFP transceivers on client and
line side
 850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm, CWDM, DWDM
support
 2 bidirectional or 4 unidirectional signal
paths supported  Applications:
 3R Regeneration (re-amplify, re-shape, • Wavelength Translation (Color
and re-time) Management)
• Reach Extension and
Regeneration
 4-Port 2.5G Wavelength Regenerator 10

 Up to 2.5Gb/s
 Protocols:
• GbE – 1000BaseX, 100FX, 1G & 2G FC,
ESCON, FDDI, OC-3/12/48, OC48FEC,
STM-1/4/16, SDI video (270 and 540
Mbps)
 Pluggable SFP transceivers on client and
line side
 850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm, CWDM, DWDM
support
 Applications:
 2 bidirectional or 4 unidirectional signal
paths supported • Wavelength Translation (Colour
Management)
 3R Regeneration (re-amplify, re-shape,
and re-time) • Reach Extension and
Regeneration
 Optical Protection Switching
• Wavelength Protection
• STM-16, OC-48, GbE Private
Line services
 4-Port 2.5G Wavelength Manager 11

 Up to 2.5Gb/s
 Protocols:
• GbE – 1000BaseX, OC-3/12/48, STM-16
 Pluggable SFP transceivers on client and
line side
 850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm, CWDM, DWDM
support
 2 bidirectional or 4 unidirectional signal
paths supported
 4R Regeneration (re-amplify, re-shape,
 Applications:
re-frame and re-time) • Wavelength Translation (Colour
 Integrated Performance Monitoring Management)
(optical, OC3/12/48, STM-16, and GbE) • Reach Extension and
Regeneration
• STM-16, OC-48, GbE Private
Line services
10G Multiprotocol Transponder Lite 12

 9.9Gb/s to 10.7Gb/s
 Protocols:
• 10GbE LAN PHY, OTU2/G.709, OC-
192/STM-64, OTU2 10GbE LAN,
10Gbps Fibre Channel
 Pluggable XFP transceiver on client
side and line side
 XFP Specific optics: 850nm,
1310nm, 1550nm, CWDM and
DWDM client and line signal  Applications:
 4R Regeneration (re-amplify, re- • 10GbE, OC192, STM-64 DWDM
shape, re-time, re-frame) for Multiplex on Fiber
SONET/SDH signals
• 10GbE, OC192, STM-64 Reach
 G.709 OTN digital wrapper providing Extension
FEC/EFEC & GCC0 functionality
• 10GbE, OC192, STM-64
(NOTE: No EFEC to EFEC Regeneration
regeneration).
• 10GbE, OC192, STM-64 Private
 Integrated Performance Monitoring Line services
(optical, Layer 1 for all protocols,
and Layer 2 for 10GbE LAN PHY)
Dual 10G Multiprotocol Transponder 13

 9.9Gb/s to 10.7Gb/s
 Protocols:
• 10GbE LAN PHY, OTU2/G.709, OC-
192/STM-64, OTU2 10GbE LAN,
10Gbps Fibre Channel
 Pluggable XFP transceiver on client
side and line side
 XFP Specific optics: 850nm,
1310nm, 1550nm, CWDM and
DWDM client and line signal  Applications:
 4R Regeneration (re-amplify, re- • 10GbE, OC192, STM-64 DWDM
shape, re-time, re-frame) for
SONET/SDH signals Multiplex on Fiber

 G.709 OTN digital wrapper providing • 10GbE, OC192, STM-64 Reach

FEC/EFEC & GCC0 functionality Extension
 OTN-based 50ms line side protection • 10GbE, OC192, STM-64
Regeneration
 Integrated Performance Monitoring
(optical, Layer 1 for all protocols, • 10GbE, OC192, STM-64 Private
and Layer 2 for 10GbE LAN PHY) Line services
 14

Nodal Management — Transponder Provisioning

Transponder Installation 15

 Insert module
 Insert SFPs/XFPs (SFP & XFP
shipped separately)

 Right click on module

faceplate and ports to access
provisioning menus
Transponder Provisioning 16

 Quick steps to provision:

• 1. Plug-in and provision module
• 2. Provision ports
• 3. Provision cross-connects
• 4. Provision protection groups
 Protocol
• OC3/12/48, STM1/4/16, OC48FEC,
FE, GE, FDDI, 1G/2G FC, ESCON
• OC192, STM64, 10GE (LAN PHY),
OTN
 Wavelength
• 850, 1310, 1550, CWDM, DWDM
 SD Bit Error Rate
 Transceiver PEC code
 Vendor part number
 Loopback
 Fault Propagation Shutdown
 Trace id 10G DTPR
 Auto-In Service Timer
 Initial state
• IS, OOS or AINS
 Cross-connects and Protection Groups 17

 Cross-connects
• 2-way
 Protection groups
 Protection switching
• Manual
• Forced
• Lockout

2-way

SFP1 SFP2

2-way cross connect

 Provisioning Protection Group - DTPR 18

1. Provision Ports
1. Ports 1 & 3 will be Line side
2. Port 2 will be Client
2. Provision Cross-connect
• Port 1 & 2: 2-Way
3. Provision Protection Groups
• Port 1 Work
• Port 3 Protection
Monitoring Transponder Status 19

Cross-connects
 List of cross-connects that
include the applicable port
Operational state
Laser status - common
 ON: Transponder (TPR)
transmitting data
 OFF: TPR transmitter is off when
fault propagation shutdown enabled
 IDLE: TPR transmitting idle pattern
(all ones) when fault propagation
shPRBS: TPR transmitting PRBS
pattern at provisioned rate.
 REMOTE-FAULT: TPR transmitting
the REMOTE-FAULT signal
 ODU2-AIS: TPR transmitting AIS pattern (OTN protocols)
 utdown is disabled
 AIS-L: TPR transmitting AIS-L pattern (SONET protocols)
 MS-AIS: TPR transmitting AIS pattern (SDH protocols)
Transponder Optical Performance 20

 Power received
 Power transmitted
 Temperature
 Supply voltage
 TX bias current
Transponder Protocol Performance 21

 Protocol Dependent
 Bin Types (15-min, 1-day,
Untimed)
PM Thresholds for Transponder 22

 Physical Threshold crossing alarm

monitoring
• Transponder Defined
• Alarms raised only with Physical
Monitoring Enabled
 Protocol Threshold crossing alarms
monitoring (WM WR10G, TPR, & DTPR
only)
• User Defined
Linear Protection 23

Client Line Line Client

Port 2 Port 1 Port 1 Port 2

TX TX TX TX

RX RX RX RX

TX TX TX TX

RX RX RX RX
Port 3 Port 3

Permanently bridged Switch over on LOS

or SD for DTPR

Note: only one direction of traffic shown in diagram

Loopback Feature (Client Side) 24

Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4

Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Tx Rx Tx Rx Rx Tx Rx Tx

•Laser Mode “IDLE”

Network Tx Rx Network
Element Element
Site A Rx Tx Site B

Verify signal integrity/performance from

Network Element Site A to WT/WR at
Site A and back

Test Sequence (Site A)

 Place Port 4 OOS (OOS-MA,MT)
 Operate Loopback (OPR-LPBK-XCVR)
 Port 4 becomes (OOS-MA, MT&LPBK) and laser mode=ON
 After completion of test release Loopback and return Port 4 back to IS
Loopback Feature (Line Side) 25

FPSD=ON FPSD=OFF FPSD=OFF FPSD=ON

Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4

•Laser Mode “OFF”

Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Tx Rx Tx Rx Rx Tx Rx Tx

Network Tx Rx Network
Element Element
Site A Rx Tx Site B
Verify system integrity from
Network Element Site A to
WT/WR at Site B

Test Sequence (Site B)

 Place Port 2 OOS (OOS-MA,MT)
 Operate Loopback (OPR-LPBK-XCVR)
 Port 2 becomes (OOS-MA, MT&LPBK) and laser mode=ON
 After completion of test release Loopback and return Port 2 back to IS
Fault Management Features (FPSD)
26
Mid-span Fiber Break

FPSD=ON FPSD=OFF FPSD=OFF FPSD=ON

Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4

• Laser Mode “OFF” • Laser Mode “OFF”

Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Tx Rx Tx Rx Rx Tx Rx Tx

LOS LOS

Network Tx Rx Network
Element Element
Site A Rx Tx Site B

Loss of signal alarm @ Loss of signal alarm @

3rd party system 3rd party system

n Failure initiated from mid-span fiber break

n Detection of LOS at Rx port initiates laser shutdown at
associated Tx port of sister SFP
 Laser shutdown initiated from LOS, LOL or SFP missing from
associated port
Fault Management Features (Cont…)
27
Client Side Fiber Break

FPSD=ON FPSD=OFF FPSD=OFF FPSD=ON

Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4

• Laser Mode “OFF”

Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Tx Rx Tx Rx Rx Tx Rx Tx

LOS • Laser Mode “IDLE”

LOL or LOS

Network Tx Rx Network
Element Element
Site A Rx Tx Site B

Loss of signal alarm @

Loss of signal alarm @ 3rd party system
3rd party system

n Failure initiated from client side

n Detection of LOS at Rx port initiates Laser shutdown at associated Tx port of
sister SFP
 As FPSD flag is OFF for Port 2, laser mode changes to IDLE to maintain Tx power on
the line
 28

Troubleshooting Transponders
Replacing Transponder modules 29

1. Re-route traffic
2. Disconnect cables and remove module
3. Critical or major module missing alarm
raised
4. New translator/regenerators are
provisioned upon insertion
5. Software auto-upgraded if required
Transponder Alarms Summary 30

Alarm feature TL1 Description

identifier

Loss of Lock LOL Alarm triggered when provisioned protocol does not match incoming
signal protocol or when input signal is highly degraded. Only available
on the WR1G and WR2.5G modules.

Loss of Frame LOF There is a problem with an SFP or XFP transceiver when a Severely
Errored Framing (SEF) defect on the incoming SONET/SDH signal
persists for three microseconds.

Loss of LOSYNC The loss of synchronization indicates that the incoming signal cannot
Synchronization be framed according to the protocol. Applies to 10GE protocol.
Loss of Signal LOS Alarm triggered when input power to SFP/XFP is below manufacturer’s
pre-set input power level
Transponder Alarms Summary – cont... 31

SFP/XFP Failure REPLUNITFAIL SFP/XFP unit has failed in its respective Transceiver port.

SFP/XFP Mismatch REPLUNITMEA There is a mismatch between the SFP/XFP transceiver provisioned and
the physical SFP/XFP transceiver that is inserted in the port

SFP/XFP Missing REPLUNITMISS SFP/XFP unit is missing from its associated Transceiver port

SFP/XFP Unknown REPLUNITUNK SFP/XFP unit is reported as unknown to the system (cannot be read by
the system software or mandatory data is missing from SFP inventory)

OPT High Threshold T-OPT-HT The optical power transmitted high threshold for the SFP unit is
exceeded (pre-set by SFP manufacturer)

OPT Low Threshold T-OPT-LT The optical power transmitted low threshold for the SFP unit is
exceeded (pre-set by SFP manufacturer)

OPR High Threshold T-OPR-HT The optical power received high threshold for an amplifier or SFP unit
is exceeded (pre-set by SFP manufacturer)

OPR Low Threshold T-OPR-LT The optical power received low threshold for an amplifier or SFP unit is
exceeded (pre-set by SFP manufacturer)
32