GATE 2022 - Question With Solution Formatted

GATE - 2022: Questions with Solution
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GATE 2022 Physics (PH)

GATE 2022 General Aptitude
Q.1 – Q.5 Carry ONE mark each.
Q1. You should _________ when to say _________.
(a) no / no (b) no / know (c) know / know (d) know / no
Ans. 1: (d)
Solution: You should know when to say no.
Q2. Two straight lines pass through the origin  x0 , y0    0, 0  . One of them passes through the
point  x1 , y1   1,3 and the other passes through the point  x2 , y2   1, 2  . What is the area
enclosed between the straight lines in the interval  0,1 on the x -axis?
(a) 0.5 (b) 1.0 (c) 1.5 (d) 2.0

Ans. 2: (a)
Solution: From fig, it is obvious that, 1
area  OBA  area  OCA  area  OCB  3
1 1
  OC  CA   OC  CB 2 1,3 A
2
2 2
1 1 1 B 1, 2 
  1 3   1 2
2 2
C

1
 0.5 O  0,0 
2 1 2 3
Q3. If p : q  1: 2 ; q : r  4: 3 ; r : s  4: 5 and u is 50% more than s , what is the ratio p : u ?
(a) 2:15 (b) 16:15 (b) 1: 5 (d) 16: 45
Ans. 3: (d)
Solution: It is given that u is 50% more that s . That is,
 50 
u  1  s
 100 
or, s : u  2:3
Given ,
p 1 q 4 r 4 s 2
 ;  ;  ; 
q 2 r 3 s 5 u 5
Multiplying then together, we get
p q r s 1 4 4 2 16
       
q r s u 2 3 5 3 45
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Q4. Given the statements:

 P is the sister of Q .
 Q is the husband of R .
 R is the mother of S .
 T is the husband of P .
Based on the above information, T is ______ of S .
(a) the grandfather (b) an uncle (c) the father (d) a brother
Ans. 4: (b)
Solution: Based are given data, the relationship diagram will be
T P Q R
   
Where  denotes a couple
 /  denote Gender.
X
Hence, T is uncle of S , as is obvious from the diagram.
Q5. In the following diagram, the point R is the center
of the circle. The lines PQ and ZV are tangential S P W
to the circle. The relation among the areas of the
squares, PXWR, RUVZ and SPQT is
(a) Area of SPQT= Area of RUVZ= Area of PXWR Z
T Q R
(b) Area of SPQT= Area of PXWR  Area of RUVZ
(c) Area of PXWR= Area of SPQT- Area of RUVZ
(d) Area of PXWR= Area of RUVZ- Area of SPQT U V
Ans. 5: (b)
Solution: PQ is tangent of the circle of radius QR , Hence PQ  r OR
So, PQR is right triangle.
Hence,  PR    QR    PQ 
2 2 2
QR  RZ (being radius of the circle)
So,  PR    RZ    PQ 
2 2 2
That is, area  P WR   area  RZUV   area  SRQT 
 area  SPQT   area  P WR   area  RZUV 
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Q. 6 – Q. 10 Carry TWO marks each.

Q6. Healthy eating is a critical component of healthy aging. When should one start eating
healthy? It turns out that it is never too early. For example, babies who start eating healthy in the
first year are more likely to have better overall health as they get older.
Which one of the following is the CORRECT logical inference based on the information in the
above passage?
(a) Healthy eating is important for those with good health conditions, but not for others
(b) Eating healthy can be started at any age, earlier the better
(c) Eating healthy and better overall health are more correlated at a young age, but not older age
(d) Healthy eating is more important for adults than kids
Ans. 6: (b)
Solution: (a) Incorrect option as passage doesn‟t mention healthy eating for those with good
health condition. Extraneous assumption makes it incorrect choice.
(c) Passage takes about healthy again, it doesn‟t talk about its better correlation is
young age then old age.
(d) Passage tractions that earliest the start of eating healthy better it is for healthy in
old age. So no point of eating more important in adults then in kids.
So, Only option consistent with given paragraph is (b).
Q7. P invested ₹ 5000 per month for 6 months of a year and Q invested ₹ x per month for 8
months of the year in a partnership business. The profit is shared in proportion to the total
4
investment made in that year. If at the end of that investment year, Q receives of the total
9
profit, what is the value of x (in ₹)?
(a) 2500 (b) 3000 (c) 4687 (d) 8437
Ans. 7: (b)
Solution:
Investment/month Month Total Investment
P £5000 6 £30000
Q £x 8 £8x
Ratio of profit of P & Q :
P :Q  30, 000:8 x
8x
 Q ' s share 
30, 000  8 x
4 8x 4
Which is of total profit, that is  or, x  3000 .
9 30, 000  8 x 9
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Q8.
16
14
14
12
11
10
9
Frequency 8
7
6
4
4 3 2
2
0
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Marks
The above frequency chart shows the frequency distribution of marks obtained by a set of
students in an exam.
From the data presented above, which one of the following is CORRECT?
(a) mean  mode  median (b) mode  median  mean
(c) mode  mean  median (d) median  mode  mean
Ans. 8: (b)
3  3  4  9  5 11  6  7  7 14  8  2  3  4
Solution: Mean (marks)   5.84
3  9  11  7  14  2  4
Mode  marks obtained by maximum number of students  7
Median: Arrange the marks of all students then halve it
3....3 4....4 5....5 6....6 7....7 8....8 9....9

Students
3 9 11 7 14 2 4
So, median  6
Hence, Mode  7 ; Median  6 ; Mean  5.84
That is, mode  medium  mean
Q9. In the square grid shown on the left, a person standing at P 2 position is required to move to
P5 position. The only movement allowed for a step involves, “two moves along one direction
followed by one move in a perpendicular direction”. The permissible directions for movement
are shown as dotted arrows in the right.
For example, a person at a given position Y can move only to the positions marked X on the
right. Without occupying any of the shaded squares at the end of each step, the minimum number
of steps required to go from P 2 to P5 is
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1 2 3 4 5
P
X X
Q X X
R Y
S X X
T X X
Example: Allowed steps for a Person at Y

(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7
Ans. 9: (b) 4 5
1 2 3
Solution: Only blokes from which the person can take a final step 5
P S
are
4
Q
Q3 and R 4
1
But Q3 is not allowed. R 3
2
Routes and steps are shown fig. S
Q10. Consider a cube made by folding a single sheet of paper of appropriate

shape. The interior faces of the cube are all blank. However, the exterior faces
that are not visible in the above view may not be blank. Which one of the
following represents a possible unfolding of the cube?
(a) (b)
(c)  (d)
Ans. 10: (d)
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Solution: The way cube is unfolded is case of (a) and (b), vertical line (1) cannot be adjacent to
black- shaded surface. So, choice  a  &  b  are incorrect.
Also, Whenever black-shaded surface is in sight, vertical line 1 shade will be visible.
So, option (c) not a possible unfolding

Hence, correct choice is (d).
Q.11 – Q.35 Carry ONE mark Each

Q11. For the Op-Amp circuit shown below, choose the correct output waveform corresponding
to the input Vin  1.5sin 20 t (in Volts). The saturation voltage for this circuit is Vsat  10V .
 Vout
Vin ~

2.2k 20k
10
5
(a)
Vout  volts  0
5
10
Time
10
(b)
5
5
10
Time
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(c)
10
5
5
10
Time
(d)
10
5
5
10
Time
Ans. 11:(a)
Solution:
Given circuit is an Schmitt Trigger circuit. In this output will be always saturated i.e. limited
between Vsat to Vsat
Q12. Match the order of  – decays given in the left column to appropriate clause in the right
column. Here X  I   and Y  I   are nuclei with intrinsic spin I and parity  .
 1   1 
1. X    Y   (i) First forbidden  –decay
2  2
 1-   5 
2. X    Y   (ii) Second forbidden  –decay
2  2
3. X  3   Y  0  (iii) Third forbidden  -decay
4. X  4   Y  0  (iv) Allowed  -decay
(a) 1 – i, 2 – ii, 3 – iii, 4 – iv (b) 1 – iv, 2 – i, 3 – ii, 4 – iii

(c) 1 – i, 2 – iii, 3 – ii, 4 – iv (d) 1 – iv, 2 – ii, 3 – iii, 4 – i
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Ans. 12: (b)

Solution: (1) I  0,   No
Allowed  - decay
(2) I  2,   YES
First forbidden  - decay
(3) I  3,   No
Second forbidden  - decay
(4) I  4,   YES
Third forbidden  - decay
Q13. What is the maximum number of free independent real parameters specifying an n -
dimensional orthogonal matrix?
n  n  1 n  n  1
(a) n  n  2  (b)  n  1
2
(c) (d)
2 2
Ans. 13: (c)
a b 
Solution: Consider a 2  2 orthogonal matrix A    . As the matrix is orthogonal
c d 
 AT A  I
T
a b  a b 
c d  c d   I
   
a c  a b 
b a   c d   I
  
 a2  c2 ab  cd  1 0 
 2
I  
 ab  cd b d 
2
0 1 
Thus we have
a 2  c 2  1 and b2  d 2  1 , Two constraints on diagonal elements.
This will make two parameters components dependent.
And ab  cd  1 , one constraint ( 1 2 C No. of diagonal elements) on the value of diagonal
elements. This will make one more component dependent.

Thus total no. of m dependent
Components  4  3  1
 n  n  1 
  { n  2 for 2  2 matrix}.
 2 
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Generalizing for n  n matrix.

Total components  n2
n -diagonal elements are dependent because of n -constrain

1 2
2

n  n - diagonal elements are dependent.
n2  n n  n  1
 n elements are dependent
2 2
n  n  1 n  n  1
Hence n 2   elements ax independent.
2 2
Q14. An excited state of Ca atom is  Mg  3 p5 4s 2 3d 1 . The spectroscopic terms corresponding to
the total orbital angular momentum are

(a) S , P , and D (b) P, D and F (c) P and D (d) S and P
Ans. 14: (b)
Solution: We ignore the electrons in the [Mg] core and the electrons in the 4s block as well. We
have to consider only the p electron, (l1 = 1) and d electron (l2 = 2). Thus, total orbital
angular momentum L = | l1+ l2 |… | l1 - l2 | = 3, 2, 1 i.e P, D and F
Q15. On the surface of a spherical shell enclosing a charge free region, the electrostatic potential
values are as follows: One quarter of the area has potential 0 , another quarter has potential 20
and the rest has potential 40 . The potential at the centre of the shell is
(You can use a property of the solution of Laplace‟s equation.)
11 11 7 7
(a) 0 (b) 0 (c) 0 (d) 0
4 2 3 4
Ans. 15: (a)
Solution:
Vin  r ,    A r  P  cos    A0 r 0 P0  cos    A1r1P1  cos    ....
Vin  r ,   A0  A1rP1  cos    ....
Vin  0,   A0  A1  0  ... All other terms are zero.
Thus potential at centre is only decided by A0 ; A0  ?
   
Also, it can be shown that surface area of sphere from 0  0 to and  and to  is
3 3 2 2
respectively  R 2 ,  R 2 and 2 R 2
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  
 0 , 0    3 
 
  
Let‟s apply the boundary condition, which is V  R,    20 ,   
 3 2
  
40 , 2     
 
Thus V  R,    A R P  cos  

2  1
V  R,   P  cos   sin  d
2 R 0
Now A  {Griffith page 140 3rd edition}
As we only want A0

2 0 1
V  R,   P0  cos   sin  d
2 R 0 0
 A0 
P0  cos    1
 /3  /2 
1 
A0    0  sin   d   20  sin   d   0  sin  d 
2 0  /3  /2 
 /3  /2 
A0  0   cos   20   cos   / 3  40   cos   / 2 
 0 
1 1   1  
 A0  0   1  20    0   40 
2 2   2  
1  0  1  1  2  8  0  11 11
 A0     0  40      0  0 .
2 2  2 2  4 4
11
As Vin  0,   A0 , Potential at centre  0
4
Q16. A point charge q is performing simple harmonic oscillations of amplitude A at angular
frequency  . Using Larmor‟s formula, the power radiated by the charge is proportional to
(a) q 2 A2 (b) q 4 A2 (c) q 2 2 A2 (d) q 2 4 A2
Ans. 16: (d)
Solution:
p  t   q x  t   qA & t
p  qA sin t  p  qA 2 cos 2 t
P   p   q 2 A2 4
2
Q17. Which of the following relationship between the internal energy U and the Helmholtz‟s
free energy F is true?
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  F    F 
 T   T 
(a) U  T    
2
(b) U  T    
2
 T   T 
   
V V
 F   F 
(c) U  T   (d) U  T  
 T V  T V
Ans. 17: (a)
Solution:
F  U  TS (1)
dF  SdT  PdV (2)
 F 
S    (3)
 T V
 F 
F U T  
 T V
 F 
U  F T   (4)
 T V
   F  1  F  F
Now         2
 T  T  V T  T V T
1   F  
 F  T   
T2   T V 
 F  2    F 
U  F T    T   
 T V  T  T  V
Q18. If nucleons in a nucleus are considered to be confined in a three-dimensional cubical box,
then the first four magic numbers are
(a) 2,8, 20, 28 (b) 2,8,16, 24 (c) 2,8,14, 20 (d) 2,10,16, 28
Ans. 18: (c)
2 2
Solution: E   nx2  n y2  nz2 
2mL2
nx ny nz
1 1 1 (2)
1 1 2 (2)
2 1 1 (2)
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1 2 1 (2) (8)
1 2 2 (2)
2 1 2 (2)
2 2 1 (2) (14)
1 1 3 (2)
1 3 1 (2)
3 1 1 (2) (20)
Q19. Consider the ordinary differential equation
y '' 2 xy ' 4 y  0
and its solution y  x   a  bx  cx 2 . Then
(a) a  0, c  2b  0 (b) c  2a  0, b  0
(c) b  2a  0, c  0 (d) c  2a  0, b  0
Ans. 19:(b)
Solution: y '' 2 xy ' 4 y  0 (1)
Given solution y  x   a  bx  cx 2
y '  b  2cx
y ''  2c
Put the value of y, y ' and y '' m (1), we get
2c  2 x b  2cx   4  a  bx  cx 2   0
2c  2bx  4cx 2  4a  4bx  4cx 2  0

2bx   2c  4a   0
 b  0 and 2c  4a  0
 c  2a
Thus, b  0 and c  2a
Q20. For an Op-Amp based negative feedback, non-inverting amplifier, which of the following
statements are true?
(a) Closed loop gain  Open loop gain
(b) Closed loop bandwidth  Open loop bandwidth
(c) Closed loop input impedance  Open loop input impedance
(d) Closed loop output impedance  Open loop output impedance
Ans. 20: (a),(c), (d)
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Q21. From the pairs of operators given below, identify the ones which commute. Here l and j
correspond to the orbital angular momentum and the total angular momentum, respectively.
(a) l 2 , j 2 (b) j 2 , jz (c) j 2 , lz (d) l z , jz
Ans. 21: (a), (b), (d)
Solution: The commutator relation between J12 , L2 , S 2 , J z , L. S , S z , Lz are as follows,
(i) J 2 , L2 , S 2 , Jz commutes with L.S but not Lz and S z

Thus option (c) is incorrect.
Q22. For normal Zeeman lines observed and  to the magnetic field applied to an atom,
which of the following statements are true?
(a) Only  -lines are observed to the field
(b)  -lines  to the field are plane polarized
(c)  -lines  to the field are plane polarized
(d) Only  -lines are observed to the field
Ans. 22: (b), (c) (d)
Q23. Pauli spin matrices satisfy
(a)          i    (b)          2i   
(c)            (d)          2

Ans. 23: (b), (d)
Solution: General anti commutator relation.
Let us verify option (b)
 x y   y x  2i z
0 1  0 i 
x    ; y   
1 0 i 0
 0 1  0 i   0 i  0 1 
 x y   y x      
 1 0  i 0   i 0  1 0 
 i 0   i 0   2i 0 
     2i z
 0 i   0 i   0 2i 
Let us verify the relation in option (a).
 0 i  0 i   0 i  0 1 
 x y   y x      
 i 0  i 0   i 0  1 0 
 i 0   i 0   0 0 
   
 0 i   0 i   0 0 
Thus, option (b) and (d) are correct option.
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Q24. For the refractive index n  nr    inim   of a material, which of the following
statements are correct?

(a) nr can be obtained from nim and vice versa
(b) nim could be zero
(c) n is an analytic function in the upper half of the complex  plane

(d) n is independent of  for some materials
Ans. 24: (a), (c)
Q25. Complex function f  z   z  z  a ( a is a real number) is

2
(a) continuous at  a, a 
(b) complex-differentiable at  a, a 
(c) complex-differentiable at  a, 0 
(d) analytic at  a, 0 
Ans. 25: (a), (c)
Solution: f  z   z  z  a
2
 x  iy  x  a  iy
2
 x   x  a   y 2  iy
2
Continuity at  a, a 
Parallel to x -axis
Lt Lt
f z   f  z  
za xa y a
Lt
  x   x  a 2  a 2  ia 
x a 
 a  a 2  ia (1)
Parallel to y -axis
Lt Lt
f z   f  z  
za y a x a
Lt
  x   x  a 2  y 2  iy 
y a a
Lt
  a  0  y 2  iy   a  a 2  ia (2)
ya
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Along line having slope  m  passing through  a, a 
Equation of line is y  a  m  x  a 
Lt Lt 
f z         i  a  m  x  a   
2 2
 x  x  a  a  m x  a
za xa  
 a  0   a  m0   i  a  m0 
2
 a  a 2  ia (3)
As 1   2    3
Hence function is continuous at  a, a 
Differentiability at  a, 0 
By definition, the derivative of the function at  a, 0  is
Lt f  a  i0  z   f  a  i 0 
f '  a, 0  
z  0 z
f  a  z   f  a 

z
f z  z  z  a
2
Since
f a  a  a  a  a
2
f  a  z   a  z  a  z  a
2
 a  z  z
2
a  z  z  a
2
Lt
Thus f '  a, 0  
z  0 z
Lt 1  z *  Lt
 z 1  z *
z  0 z z  0
Parallel to x -axis:- y  0, x  0
Lt
f '  a, 0  
x  0
1  x  iy y 0
Lt

x  0
1  x   1  0  1 (4)
n to y -axis:- x  0, y  0
Lt
f '  a, 0  
y  0
1  0  iy   1  i  0  1 (5)
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Along line having slope ' m ' passing through  a, 0 
Equation of line is y  m  x  a 
y  m x
Lt
f '  a, 0  
x  0
1  x  im x 
 1 0  i m 0  1 (6)
As  4    5   6 
Hence function is differentiable at  a, 0 
Thus „a‟ and „c‟ are correct options.

Q26. If g  k  is the Fourier transform of f  x  then which of the following are true?
(a) g  k    g *  k  implies f  x  is real
(b) g  k    g *  k  implies f  x  is purely imaginary
(c) g  k    g *  k  implies f  x  is purely imaginary
(d) g  k    g *  k  implies f  x  is real
Ans. 26: (a), (b)

Solution: As per statements

1
g k    f  x e
 ikx
dx (1)
2 
taking complex conj of (1)


1
g *k    f *  x  eikx dx (2)
2 
Replacing k by k m (1)

1
g  k    f  x e
ikx
dx (3)
2 
Now if g  k   g *  k  {condition „a‟}
  2    3

1 1
 f *  x  eikx dx   f  xe
ikx
dx
2  2
 f  x  f * x
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Hence f  x  must be real and not purely imaginary
{Condition „b‟}
g  k    g *  k 
 
1 1
  f  x  eikx dx    f *  x  eikx dx
2  2 
 f  x    f *  x  . Thus f  x  must be purely imaginary and not real.
Thus „a‟ and „b‟ are correct options.

Q27. The ordinary differential equation
1  x  y '' xy ' 9 y  0
2
has a regular singularity at

(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) no finite value of x
Ans. 27: (a), (c)
Solution: 1  x 2  y '' xy ' 9 y  0
Dividing by 1  x 2
x 9
y '' y ' y0
1 x 2
1  x2
Compare with y '' p  x  y ' Q  x  y  0
x 9
P  x  , Q  x 
1 x 2
1  x2
At 1 and 1 both P  x  and Q  x  diverge first condition satisfied.
At x  1
x x x 1
 x  1 P  x    x  1   x  1  2   finite.
1 x 2
x 1 x  1 2
At x  1
x x 1 1
 x  1 P  x    x  1    
x  1 x  1 1  1 2
2
Thus  x  x0  P  x  remains finite .
At x  1
9 x 1 0
 x  1 Q  x    x  1
2 2
 9   9   0
1  x 1  x  x 1 2
At x  1
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9  x  1  9  0  0
 x  1 Q  x    x  1 
2 2
 9 
1  x 1  x   x  1 2
Thus  x  x0  Q  x  remains finite.

2
Thus both 1 and 1 are regular singular points.

Q28. For a bipolar junction transistor, which of the following statements are true?
(a) Doping concentration of emitter region is more than that in collector and base region
(b) Only electrons participate in current conduction
(c) The current gain  depends on temperature
(d) Collector current is less than the emitter current
Ans. 28: (a), (c), (d)
Q29. Potassium metal has electron concentration of 1.4 1028 m3 and the corresponding density
of states at Fermi level is 6.2 1046 Joule1m3 . If the Pauli paramagnetic susceptibility of
Potassium is n 10 k in standard scientific form, then the value of k (an integer) is __________
(Magnetic moment of electron is 9.3 1024 JouleT 1 ; permeability of free space is
4  107 Tm A1 )
Ans. 29: 6 to 6
Solution: Given
ne  1.4 1028 m3 , D( EF )  6.2 1046 J m3 , B  9.3 1024 Joule T 1 ,
0  4 107 Tm A1
We know that,  Pauli  0 B2 D( EF )
 Pauli  0 B2 D( EF )  4 107   9.3 1024 

2
 6.2 1046
 Pauli  4   9.3   6.2 107 48 46  6.735 106

2
k 6
Q30. A power supply has internal resistance RS and open load voltage VS  5V . When a load
resistance RL is connected to the power supply, a voltage drop of VL  4 V is measured across
RL
the load. The value of is __________ (Round off to the nearest integer)
RS
Ans. 30: 4 to 4
Solution:
RL R
VL   5V  4V  5 RL  4 RL  4 RS  L  4
RL  RS RS
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Q31. Electric field is measured along the axis of a uniformly charged disc of radius 25cm . At a
distance d from the centre, the field differs by 10% from that of an infinite plane having the
same charge density. The value of d is _______ cm .
(Round off to one decimal place)
Ans. 31: 2.4 to 2.6
Solution:
  d  
Edisc  1   , Einfinitesheet 
2 0  R  d2
2
 2 0
  d  90  d 9
Edisc  10% Einf .  1     1 
2 0  R  d  100 2 0
2 2
R d
2 2 10
d 9 1
  1   100d 2  R 2  d 2
R2  d 2 10 10
R 25
 99d 2  R 2  d   cm  2.5 cm
99 99
Q32. In a solid, a Raman line observed at 300 cm 1 has intensity of Stokes line four times that of
the anti-Stokes line. The temperature of the sample is _______ K .
(Round off to the nearest integer) 1cm 1  1.44 K 
Ans. 32: 311 to 312

Solution: Temperature dependence of intensity of Stoke and Anti-stoke lines are given by:
1
IS  h j

1 e k BT
1
I AS  h j
1
e k BT
where, is the frequency shift of the Raman line, taking the ratio of the two intensities,
1
hv j ehv
 1 hv j I 
I S 1  e k BT k BT
  e hv j   ln  S 
I AS 1  k BT  I AS 
hv j 1  e k BT
e k BT
1
hcv 6.626 1034 Js  3 108 m s  300 100m 1
T 
 IS  1.38 1023 J K  ln 4
k B ln  
 I AS 
 31.17 101 K  311.7 K
Hence, T = 311 to 312
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Q33. An electromagnetic pulse has a pulse width of 103 s . The uncertainty in the momentum of
the corresponding photon is of the order of 10 N kg m s 1 , where N is an integer. The value of
N is ____________ (speed of light  3 108 ms 1 , h  6.6 1034 Js )

Ans. 33: 39 to 40
Solution: Solution: We have t  103 sec, h  6.6 10 34 , c  3 108 m / s
The uncertainty in energy is
E.t   E 
2 2t
The uncertainty in the momentum is given by.
E 1.05 1034
p    3
 0.175 1039  1.75 1040 kg m / s
c 2ct 2  3 10 10
8
Q34. The wave function of a particle in a one-dimensional infinite well of size 2a at a certain
1  x  x  3 x  
time is  x    2 sin  a   3 cos  2a   cos  2a   . Probability of finding the
6a       
particle in n  2 state at that time is ______ % (Round off to the nearest integer)
Ans. 34: 33 to 34
Solution: We have
1  x x 3 x 
  x   2 sin  3 cos  cos
6a  a 2a 2a 
1 2 x 3 2 x 1 2 3 x 
 sin  cos  cos 
6 a a 12 a 2a 12 a 2a 
1 3 1
 2  1  3
6 12 12
The wave function of the particle in such a potential is given by.
2 x 2 x
1  cos ; 2  sin
a 2a a a
2 3 x
3  cos
a 2a
The normalization constant is obtained as follows.
 1 1 1 
  A 2  1  3 
 6 4 12 
1 1 1 
   A2  2 2  1 1  3 3   1
6 4 12 
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1 1 1   2  3 1 
A2      1  A2   1 A  2
 6 4 12   12 
Thus the normalized wave function is given by
1 1 1
  1  2  3
2 3 6
The probability of finding the particle in state n  2 is
2
1 1
2  
2
2   2 2   33.33%
3 3
Q35. A spectrometer is used to detect plasma oscillations in a sample. The spectrometer can
work in the range of 3 1012 rad s 1 to 30  1012 rad s 1 . The minimum carrier concentration that
can be detected by using this spectrometer is n  1021 m 3 . The value of n is _____________

(Round off to two decimal places)
(Charge of an electron  1.6  10 19 C , mass of an electron  9.1 10 31 kg and
0  8.85 1012 C 2 N 1m1 )

Ans. 35: 2.70 to 2.96
 
2
n 0e2 n0  1.6 1019
Solution:  p   3 1012 
0 m 8.85 1012  9.1 1031
9 1024  8.85 1012  9.11031

n0 
2.56 1038
 283.11019 m3
n0  2.83 1021 m3
2.83 1021 m3
Q.36 – Q.65 Carry TWO marks Each

Q36. Consider a non-interacting gas of spin 1 particles, each with magnetic moment  , placed in
B
a weak magnetic field B , such that  1 . The average magnetic moment of a particle is
k BT
2   B    B    B  3   B 
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
3  k BT  2  k BT  3  k BT  4  k BT 
Ans. 36: (a)

Solution: In quantum mechanical treatment, single-dipole partition function is (see RK Patharia,
Article 3.9)
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 1  
sinh 1   x
 2J  
Q1     (1)
 1 
sinh  x
 2J 
Where x   ( g  B J ) B . The mean magnetic moment of the system is then given by
N  ln Q1 (  )
M z  N z   Ng  B JB j ( x )
 
Mz
  z  g  B JB j ( x)
N
Where BJ(x) is the Brillouin function. For
B B
x  1, i.e.,  1
k BT
1 1 
B j ( x)  1   x  ...
3 J 
Therefore,
 g B J 
2
 1 2 2  B B 
z  1   B  g  B  
3kBT  J 3  k BT 
Where, last term is written for J=1

Q37. Water at 300 K can be brought to 320 K using one of the following processes.
Process 1: Water is brought in equilibrium with a reservoir at 320 K directly.
Process 2: Water is first brought in equilibrium with a reservoir at 310 K and then with the
reservoir at 320 K .
Process 3: Water is first brought in equilibrium with a reservoir at 350 K and then with the
reservoir at 320 K .
The corresponding changes in the entropy of the universe for these processes are S1 , S 2 and
S3 , respectively. Then
(a) S 2  S1  S3 (b) S3  S1  S 2
(c) S3  S 2  S1 (d) S1  S 2  S3
Ans. 37: (b)

Solution: Here initial temperature Ti  of water is 300K & final temperature T f  is 320K .
 Tf   320 
Process1: S Water  CW ln    CW ln    0.06454CW
 Ti   300 
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CW T C  320  300 

Sreseservoir   W  0.0625CW
320 320
S Uniucesse  S1  S water  S reservoir
 0.06454CW  0.0625 CW
 0.00204 CW
Process-2: S water will be same as initial and final equilibrium states are same.
320
S water  CW ln  0.06454 CW
300
 10 10 
S reservoir  CW   
 310 320 
 CW 0.03226  0.03125
 0.06351CW
S 2  S water  S reservoir  0.00103 CW
Process 3: S water  0.06454 CW
 50   30 
S reseruor  CW    CW  
 350   320 
 0.142857 CW  0.09375 CW
 0.04911CW
S3  0.06454 CW  0.04911CW
 0.01543 CW
 S3  S1  S 2
Q38. A student sets up Young‟s double slit experiment with electrons of momentum p incident
normally on the slits of width w separated by distance d . In order to observe interference fringes
on a screen at a distance D from the slits, which of the following conditions should be satisfied?
Dw dw d2 d2
(a)  (b)  (c)  (d) 
p d p D p D p Dw
Ans. 38: (b)
Solution: x  
p  2 p sin 
x p ~
  2 p sin  ~
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d /2
sin  ~  ~
D
d
 2 p ~

2D
d d 
~ D
D p

More accurately
d

D p
Q39. Consider a particle in three different boxes of width L . The potential inside the boxes vary
2
2
as shown in figures (i), (ii) and (iii) with V0  . The corresponding ground-state energies
2mL2
of the particle are E1 , E2 and E3 , respectively. Then
i  ii   iii 
L L L L
3 3 3 6
V0
2L / 3
0
(a) E2  E1  E3 (b) E3  E1  E2 (c) E2  E3  E1 (d) E3  E2  E1
Ans. 39: (a)

Solution: The ground state wave function is given by
2 x
 sin
L L
Let us determine the correction in energy due to the potential in first box.
v 0  x  L/3
H' 0
0 otherwise
The ground state energy correction in first order is
x 2v0 L  3 3 
L /3
2
 1 H ' 1  v dx  4 
(1)
E sin 2 
1
L 0
0
L L 24   
 0.195 v0
Similarly, let us determine the correction in energy due to potential in second box.
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v L / 3  x  2L / 3
H' 0
0 otherwise
The ground state energy correction in first order is
2
2L /3
x
E21   1 H '    v0 sin 2 dx
L a/3
L
2v0 L  3 3  v0  3 3 
 2    2    0.609v0
L 12    6  
Similarly let us determine the correction in energy due to potential in third box
v0 0 x L/6

H ' v0 5L / 6  x  L
0
 otherwise
The ground state energy correction in first order

L/6
E31   1 H '  1     x  H '  x  dx
*
1 1
0
L
    x  H '  x  dx
*
1 1
5L / 6
L/6
2v
L/6
x
 2    x H ' 1  x  dx  2 0
*
1  sin
2
dx
0
L 0
L
4v0 L  3 3  v0  3 3
  2   2    0.0575v0
L 24    6   
Thus the order of ground state energy in three boxes is given by
E2  E1  E3
Q40. In cylindrical coordinates  s,  , z  which of the following is a Hermitian operator?
1 1  1  1  1    1
(a) (b)    (c)    (d)   
i s i  s s  i  s 2s   s s 
Ans. 40: (c)
Solution: Let us choose operator given is option (c).
1  1 
A   
i  s 2s 
 1  1 
A         *  s    s  ds
 i  s 2s 
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1 
 
1
     *  s    s  sds    *  s    s  sds
i  0 s 2s 0
1 d
 s  sds    *  s    s  ds    *  s   s  ds 
 1
    *  s    s  s    *  s 
i 0 ds 2 
1 d
 s  sds    *  s    s  sds 
1
    *  s 
i ds 2s 
1   1 
   *  s        s  sds    s  A  s 
 i  s 2s 
Thus, operator A is Hermition.
Q41. A particle of mass 1kg is released from a height of 1m above the ground. When it reaches
the ground, what is the value of Hamilton‟s action for this motion in Js ? ( g is the acceleration
due to gravity; take gravitation potential to be zero on the ground)
2 5 1
(a)  2g (b) 2g (c) 3 2g (d)  2g
3 3 3
Ans. 41: (d)
Solution:
A t 0
At point B
1 2 1  z 
L mz  mgz
2
B t
u  0  z  0  gt  gt
z
1
1  z   0  gt 2
2 C T T
1
z  1  gt 2
2
Time taken to reach the point C
1 2 2
0  1 gT  T 
2 g
T
Action A   L dt
0
1  1 2 
2/ g
   2 mg t  mg 1  2 gt  dt
2 2
0   
2/ g
 
0
 mg 2t 2  mg  dt
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2/ g
1 
  1 g 2t 3  1 gt 
3 0
2
 2g  2g
3
1
 2g
3
Q42. If  xy  axy  is a constant of motion of a two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator
with Lagrangian
L

m x2  y 2   k x 2
 y2 
2 2
then  is
k k 2k
(a)  (b)  (c)  (d) 0
m m m
Ans. 42: (a)
Solution: L 
m 2
2
 k
x  y 2  x2  y 2
2
  
2
px2 p y k 2
H 
2m 2m 2
 x  y2  
H px
x 
px m
px  mx ; py  my
px p y
A  xy   xy    xy
m2
 A, H   0 if A is constant of motion
A H A H A H A H
   0
x px px x y p y p y y
 y    py
px p y px
  m2  kx    x  m  m2  ky   0
m 

m
 yp x  xp y  
k
m2
 xpy  ypx   0
 k 
 xp y  ypx    2   0    
m m 
k
m
Second method
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d
 xy   xy   0
dt
xy  xy    xy  xy   0 (1)
Equation of motion
d  L  L
  0
dt  x  x
mx  kx  0
k 
x x
m 
Similarly,  (2)
k 
y y
m 
Substitute these values into Equation (1)
k
  xy  yx     xy  xy   0
m
 xy  yx    
k
   0
 m 
k

m
Q43. In a two-dimensional square lattice, frequency  of phonons in the long wavelength limit
changes linearly with the wave vector k . Then the density of states of phonons is proportional to
1
(a)  (b)  2 (c)  (d)

Ans. 43: (a)
d 
 1
Solution: Density of states D ( E )  E s 
From question d  2 and s  1

2 
 1
So, D( E )  E 1 
 D( E )  E    D( E )  
Q44. At T  0 K , which of the following diagram represents the occupation probability
P  E  of energy states of electrons in a BCS type superconductor?
(a)
PE
1
EF E
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PE
(b)
1
EF E
(c) P  E 
1
EF E
PE
(d)
1
EF E
Ans. 44: (a)
Q45. For a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, the creation operator  a †  acting on the n th
state  n where n  0,1, 2,..., gives a†  n  n  1  n1 . The matrix representation of the
position operator x 
2m
 a  a  for the first three rows and columns is
†
1 0 0  0 1 0
   
(a) 0 2 0  (b)  1 0 1
2m   2m  
0 0 3 0 1 0
0 1 0   1 0 3
   
(c) 1 0 2 (d)  0 0 0 
2m   2m  
0 2 0   3 0 1 
Ans. 45: (c)

Solution: The position operator is given by
x  m
2m
a †

a n

2m
 n  1 m,n 1  n m,n 1 
For m  n,i.e., all diagonal elements in the matrix must be zero.
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For m  0, n  1 the value of x is
x   2 0,2  11,0  
01
2m   2m
For m  1, n  0 , the value of x is
x   0  11,1  01, 1  
10
2m   2m
For m  0, n  2 , the value of x is
x   0  2 0,3  2  0,1   0
0,2
2m  
For m  1, n  2 , the value of x 12

is
x   2  1 1,3  21,1   2
12
2m   2m
is
x   1  1 212  1 2,0   2
21
2m   2m
is
x   1  0 2,1  0 2, 1   0
20
2m  
The matrix representation of position vector is

 0x0 0 x1 0x2 
 
x  1x0 1 x1 1x2 
 
 2 x 0 2 x1 2 x 2 
0 1 0 
 
x  1 0 2
2m 
0 2 0 
and general from is

0 1 0 0 0 
 
1 0 2 0 0 
x  0 2 0 3 0 
2m 
0 0 3 0 4
 
0 0 0 4 0 
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Q46. A piston of mass m is fitted to an airtight horizontal cylindrical jar. The cylinder and
piston have identical unit area of cross-section. The gas inside the jar has volume V and is held
at pressure P  Patmosphere . The piston is pushed inside the jar very slowly over a small distance.
On releasing, the piston performs an undraped simple harmonic motion of low frequency.
Assuming that the gas is ideal and no heat is exchanged with the atmosphere, the frequency of
the small oscillations is proportional to
P P P P
(a) (b) (c) (d)
 mV Vm mV  1 mV  1
Ans. 46: (b)
Solution: Let initial pressure is P1  P
Initial volume is V
When pressure changes slightly by P, i.e piston is pushed in side, the volume is reduced by
V .
Further given that no heat exchange is there
PV    P  P V  V 


 P    V 
 P 1  V 1  V 
 P   
 P   V 
 PV  1   1   ....
 P  V 
 P V P V 
 PV  1    (1)
 P V PV 
As P & V are using small, P V can be neglected.
 P V 
 1  1  
 P V 
V
P   P (2)
V
Applied external force F , that caused a displacement x (a volume change of gas by V  Ax ) is
given by
V  A2 P
F   AP   AP  x (3)
V V
Acceleration produced in piston is
F  A2 P
a  x
m mV
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ax
 A2 P
Therefore  
mV
P

mV
Q47. A paramagnetic salt of mass m is held at temperature T in a magnetic field H . If S is the
entropy of the salt and M is its magnetization, then dG   SdT  M dH , where G is the Gibbs
free energy. If the magnetic field is changed adiabatically by H  0 and the corresponding
infinitesimal changes in entropy and temperature are S and T , then which of the following
statements are correct
1  G 
(a) S     T (b) S  0
T  T  H
 M 
 
 T  H
(c) T   H (d) T  0
 S 
 
 T  H
Ans. 47: (b), (c)
Solution: The magnetic interaction energy   M . dH (1)
dU  T dS  M .dH (2)
dG  SdT  M .dH (3)
 G   G 
S    , M   
 T  H  H 
G is a perfect differential,
  G    G 
   
T  H  H  T 
 M   S 
    (4)
 H  H  H T
 T   T   S 
Now       
 H  S  S  H  H T
 T   M 
    
 S  H  T  H
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 M 
 
 T  H
 (5)
 S 
 
 T  H
 (5) implies
 M 
 
 T  H
T   H (6)
 S 
 
 T  H
This is indeed the process of adiabatic unitization.
Where negative H implies negative T & S  0 .
Q48. A particle of mass m is moving inside a hollow spherical shell of radius a so that the
potential is
 0 for r  a
V r   
 for r  a
The ground state energy and wave function of the particle are E0 and R  r  , respectively. Then
which of the following options are correct?


2 2
1 d  2 dR 
(a) E0  (b)  r   E0 R  r  a 
2ma 2
2m r 2 dr  dr 
2
1 d 2R 1 r 
(c)   E0 R r  a (d) R  r   sin   r  a
2m r 2 dr 2 r  a 
Ans. 48: (a), (b), (d)
Solution: The Schrödinger equation for a particle moving in radial potential is given by
 2 1   2 dR 
H  E   r   Veff R  r   E0 R  r 
2m r 2  r dr 
  1
where Veff  V  2
2
0
2mr
as V  0,  0 .
Thus Schrödinger equation to
 2 1   2 dR 
 r   E0 R  r 
2m r 2  r dr 
1 d  2 dR  2m
or r   2 ER  r   0
r 2 dr  dr 
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U r 
Defining R  r   and substituting in above equation, we get
r
d 2U  r  2mE
2
 k 2 R  r   0, r2  2
ra
dr
The solution of above equation is
U  r   A sin kr  B cos kr
Applying Boundary condition
U  r  0   0; U  r  a   0
U  r  0   A sin 0  B cos 0  0  B  0
Thus the wave function is given by
U  r   A sin kr
Applying Boundary condition U  r  a   0

n
U  r  a   A sin ka  0  ka  n  k
a
2mE n 2 2 n 2 2 2
or 2
  E 
a2 2ma 2
and the Radial wave function is given by
U r  A  nr
R r    sin
r r a
For ground state the energy and wave function of the particle are
2 2
1 r
E ; R  r   sin
2
.
2ma r a
Q49. A particle of unit mass moves in a potential V  r   V0e  r . If the angular momentum of
2
the particle is L  0.5 V0 , then which of the following statements are true?
(a) There are two equilibrium points along the radial coordinate
(b) There is one stable equilibrium point at r1 and one unstable equilibrium point at r2  r1
(c) There are two stable equilibrium points along the radial coordinate
(d) There is only one equilibrium point along the radial coordinate
Ans. 49: (a), (b)
l2
Solution: Veff   V0 e  r
2
2
2mr
l  0.5 V0 , m  1
V0
Veff   V0e  r
2
r 2
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Veff
V0
8r 2
 SEP 
r1
r
r2
UEP 
V0e  r
2
V0
Here r1  r2
These equilibrium points are corresponding to circular orbits of radius r1 and r2 respectively.
Q50. In a diatomic molecule of mass M , electronic, rotational and vibrational energy scales are
of magnitude Ee , ER and EV , respectively. The spring constant for the vibrational energy is
determined by Ee . If the electron mass is m then

1/ 4
m m m m
(a) ER ~ Ee (b) ER ~ Ee (c) EV ~ Ee (d) EV ~   Ee
M M M M 
Ans. 50: (a), (c)

Solution: Unsolved
Q51. Electronic specific heat of a solid at temperature T is C   T , where  is a constant
related to the thermal effective mass m 

eff of the electrons. Then which of the following
(a)   meff
(b) meff is greater than free electron mass for all solids
(c) Temperature dependence of C depends on the dimensionality of the solid

(d) The linear temperature dependence of C is observed at T Debye temperature
Ans. 51: (a), (d)
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Q52. In a Hall effect experiment on an intrinsic semiconductor, which of the following

(a) Hall voltage is always zero
(b) Hall voltage is negative if the effective mass of holes is larger than those of electrons
(c) Hall coefficient can be used to estimate the carrier concentration in the semiconductor
(d) Hall voltage depends on the mobility of the carriers
Ans. 52: (d)
Q53. A parallel plate capacitor with spacing d and area of cross-section A is connected to a
source of voltage V . If the plates are pulled apart quasistatically to a spacing of 2d , then which
of the following statements are correct?
1  0 AV 2 
(a) The force between the plates at spacing 2d is  
8 d2 
1  0 AV 2 
(b) The work done in moving the plates is  
8 d 
1  0 AV 2 
(c) The energy transferred to the voltage source is  
2 d 
1  0 AV 2 
(d) The energy of the capacitor reduces by  
4 d 
Ans. 53: (a), (c), (d)
Solution:
C 2V 2  0 A  0 AV 2
2
Q02 V2
F  Q0 E   0   
2 0 A 2 0 A  2d  2 0 A
(a)
8d 2
0 AV 2 0 AV 2
2d
(b) W   F  di  d 2 x 2 dx 
4d
(c) Energy transferred to source must be equal to energy decrease of the capacitor.
1 0 AV 2 1 0 AV 2
(d) Initial energy  , final energy 
2 d 2 2d
1 0 A 2 1 0 A 2 1 0 AV 2
change  V  V 
2 d 2 2d 4 d2
Q54. A system with time independent Hamiltonian H  q, p  has two constants of motion
f  q, p  and g  q, p  . Then which of the following Poisson brackets are always zero?
(a) H , f  g (b) H ,  f , g  (c) H  f , g (d) H , H  f g
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Ans. 54: (a), (b), (d)

Solution: H , f   0
H , g  0
(a)  H , f  g   H , f   H , g   0
(b) H , f , g    f , g , H   g , H , f     f , 0  g , 0  0
Here, Jacobi Identity is used.
(c) H  f , g  H , g   f , g    f , g
(d)  H , H  f g   H , H   H , f g    H , f  g  f  H , g   0
Q55. In the action-angle variables  I1 , I 2 ,1 ,2  consider the Hamiltonian H  4 I1 I 2
I1 1
and 0  1 ,  2  2 . Let  . Which of the following are possible plots of the trajectories with
I2 2
different initial conditions in 1   2 plane?

2 2
3 / 2 3 / 2
(a)  2  (b) 2 
 /2  /2
0  / 2  3 / 2 2 0  / 2  3 / 2 2
1 1
2 2
(c) 3 / 2 (d) 3 / 2
2  2 
 /2  /2
0  / 2  3 / 2 2 0  / 2  3 / 2 2
1 1
Ans. 55: (b), (c)

Solution: H  4 I1 I 2
H
1   4I2
I1
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H
2   4 I1
I 2
d1 / dt 4 I 2
 2
d 2 / dt 4 I1
d 2 1

d1 2
1
Slope of 1   2 curve 
2
Q56. A particle of mass m in the x  y plane is confined in an infinite two-dimensional well
with vertices  0, 0 ,  0, L  ,  L, L  ,  L, 0  . The eigen-functions of this particle are
2  n  x   n y y 
n n  sin  x  sin   . If perturbation of the form V  Cxy , where C is a real
L  L   L 
x y
constant, is applied, then which of the following statements are correct for the first excited state?
3 2 2
(a) The unperturbed energy is
2mL2
5 2 2
(b) The unperturbed energy is
2mL2
(c) First order energy shift due to the applied perturbation is zero
(d) The shift   in energy due to the applied perturbation is determined by an equation of the
a  b
form  0 , where a and b are real, non-zero constants
b a 
Ans. 56: (b), (d)
Solution: We have,
2  n  x   n y y 
 n ,n  sin  x  sin  
L  L   L 
x y
and its corresponding energies are,

2 2

Enx ,ny  nx2  n y2  2mL 2
For ground state nx  ny  1 , the ground state energy is given by
 2mL 2
2 2 2

E11  12  12 2
2
2mL2
The first order correction in ground state energy is
E111   11  x, y  H '  11  x, y 
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22
L
x yL
 C  x sin 2 dx  y sin 2 dy
LL 0 L 0
L
 2 L L 
2 2 2
CL2
     L  as the energy state energy is odd function .
L  4  4  4
The first excited state has energy,

 2,1
 n , n   1, 2
x y


2 2
2 2
E21  E12  2  1  2 2
 2ma 2
5
2ma 2
The wave function of the particles are
5 2 2 2 x 2 y
nx  1, n y  2, E12  2
;  120  x, y   sin sin
2ma a a a
5 2 2 2 2 x y
nx  2, n y  1, E21  2
;  21
0
 x, y   sin sin
2ma a a a
The perturbed matrix for this Hamiltonian is given by
 1, 2 H ' 1, 2 1, 2 H ' 2,1 
Hp   
 2,1 H ' 1, 2 2,1 H ' 2,1 
a b 
 
b a 
The values of inner product are
4 xL
2 y CL2
L
1, 2 H ' 1, 2  2 C  x sin 2 dx  y sin 2 dy 
L 0 L 0
L 4
2 2 x 2 y
L L
4 CL2
L2 0 0
1,1 H ' 2,1  C x sin dx y sin dy 
L L 4
2 x x y 2 y
L L
4 25b CL2
L2 0 L 0
2,1 H ' 1, 2  C x sin sin dx y sin sin dL 
L L L 81 4
4 x L
2 x 2 y y L
25b CL2
2 H ' 2,1  2 C  x sin sin dx  9sin sin dy 
L 0 L L 0
L L 81 4
Thus the eigen value of perturbed matrix is determined ground secular equation.
a  b
H  I  0
b a 
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Q57. A junction is formed between a metal on the left and an n -type semiconductor on the right.
Before forming the junction, the Fermi level EF of the metal lies below that of the
semiconductor. Then which of the following schematics are correct for the bands and the I  V
characteristics of the junction?
(a) Conduction Band

EF EF
Metal n  type semiconductor
Valence Band
Conduction Band
(b)
EF EF
Metal n  type semiconductor
Valence Band
I
(c)
V0
V
I
(d)
V0
V
Ans. 57: (a), (c)

Q58. A plane polarized electromagnetic wave propagating in y  z plane is incident at the
interface of two media at Brewster‟s angle. Taking z  0 as the boundary between the two
media, the electric field of the reflected wave is given by
  3 1  
ER  AR cos  k0  y  z   t  xˆ
  2 2  
then which among the following statements are correct?
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
(a) The angle of refraction is
6
(b) Ratio of permittivity of the medium of refraction 2  with respect to the medium on
2
incidence 1  , 3
1
(c) The incident wave can have components of its electric field in y  z plane

(d) The angle of reflection is
6
Ans. 58: (a), (b), (c) z
Solution:

3 k 
k k0 yˆ  0 zˆ B
2 2
y
ky
3k0 / 2
tan  B    3
kz 2 k0
  
tan B  tan     B  x
3 3

R  B  
2
    
R      R     
3 2 2 3 6
n2 r2 r 
tan  B    3 2  3 2 3
n1 r1 r1 1
Q59. The minimum number of two-input NAND gates required to implement the following
Boolean expression is ________________
Y   AB  C  BD   AB  C
Ans. 59: 3 to 3
Solution:
Y  AB  C  BD  C  ABC  ABBDC  ABC
 ABC  ABC   A  A  BC  B
BC B
B
C
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Q60. In a nucleus, the interaction Vsol  s is responsible for creating spin-orbit doublets. The
2
energy difference between p1/ 2 and p3/ 2 states in units of Vso is
2
____________ (Round off to the nearest integer)
Ans. 60: 3 to 3
Solution: We know, j  l  s  j 2  s 2  2 l  s   l  s  12  j 2
 l 2  s2 
2
Thus, H so   E   Vso  j  j  1  l  l  1  s  s  1 
2 
For 𝑝1/2: s = ½; l = 1; j = ½
3 3
2 2
E1  Vso    2    Vso  2  Vso 2
2 4 4 2
For 𝑝3/2: s = ½; l = 1; j = 3/2
15 3
2 2 2
4
E2  Vso    2    Vso   Vso
2 4 4 2 4 2
3 2
Thus, the energy difference E  E2  E1  Vso
2
Q61. Two identical particles of rest mass m0 approach each other with equal and opposite
velocity v  0.5c , where c is the speed of light. The total energy of one particle as measured in
the rest frame of the other is E   m0c 2 . The value of  is _______________ (Round off to two
decimal places)
Ans. 61: 1.65 to 1.70
Solution: v AE  0.5c
vBE  0.5c
v AE  vBE 0.5c   0.5c 
v AB  
1  AE 2 BE 1  
v v 0.5c  0.5c 
c c2
c 4c
vAB  
1  0.25 5
m0 c 2 m0 c 2
E  mc  2

2
v AB 16
1 2 1
c 25
5
E  m0 c 2   m0c 2
3
5
  1.67
3
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Q62. In an X -Ray diffraction experiment on a solid with FCC structure, five diffraction peaks
o
corresponding to 111 ,  200  ,  220  , 311 and  222  planes are observed using 1.54 A X -
o
rays. On using 3A X -rays on the same solid, the number of observed peaks will be
_____________
Ans.: 1 to 1
Solution: Bragg‟s Law
 
2d hkl sin   n  sin    h2  k 2  l 2
2d hkl 2a
Corresponding to maximum value of sin  ( 1) , the expression of h2  k 2  l 2 has maximum

values for the sin  . From this condition we can find out the value of lattice parameter (a) from
the peak corresponding to (222) plane. So
1.54 2 2 o
1 2  2  22  a  2.66 A
2a
o
For   3A , Bragg‟s Law
 3
Sin   h2  k 2  l 2  h2  k 2  l 2
2a 2  2.66
3 3
For Peak (111) Sin   12  12  12  3  0.976
2  2.66 2  2.66
3 3
Peak (200) Sin   22  0  0  4  1.27
2  2.66 2  2.66
3 3
Peak (220) Sin   2 2  22  0  8  1.657
2  2.66 2  2.66
3 3
Peak (310) Sin   32  12  0  10  1.85
2  2.66 2  2.66
3 3
Peak (222) Sin   2 2  22  22  12  2.029
2  2.66 2  2.66
o
The maximum value of sin  will be 1. So for wavelength   3A only (111) peak observed.
 S 
Q63. For 1 mole of Nitrogen gas, the ratio  I  of entropy change of the gas in processes (I)
 S II 
and (II) mentioned below is ______________ (Round off to one decimal place)
(I) The gas is held at 1atm and is cooled from 300K to 77K .
(II) The gas is liquefied at 77K .
(Take C p  7.0cal mol-1 K 1 , Latent heat L  1293.6cal mol-1 )
Ans.: 0.5 to 0.7
d  77 
77 77
C dT 77
Solution: S1  300 T  300 PT  C p ln  300   7 ln 300  9.519839 Cal K
-1
d L 1293.6
S2     16.8 Cal K 1
T T 77
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S I 9.519839
  0.5666
S II 16.8
 0.6
Q64. Frequency bandwidth v of a gas laser of frequency v Hz is
2v 
v 
c A
where   3.44 106 m2 s 2 at room temperature and A is the atomic mass of the lasing atom. For
4
He 20 Ne laser (wavelength  633nm ), v  n  109 Hz . The value of n is ________ (Round
off to one decimal place)
Ans. 64: 1.2 to 1.4
Solution: Soln: Frequency bandwidth Δ𝜈 of a He-Ne laser is given by,
2v  2  2 3.44 106
v   
c A  A 633 109 20
2  414.73
 109 ~ 1.3 109 Hz
633
The lasing atom is Ne for which atomic mass is 20 amu.
Q65. A current of 1A is flowing through a very long solenoid made of winding density X
3000 turns / m . As shown in the figure, a parallel plate capacitor, with plates oriented
parallel to the solenoid axis and carrying surface charge density 6 0 Cm2 , is placed at
the middle of the solenoid. The momentum density of the electromagnetic field at the
midpoint X of the capacitor is n  1013 Nsm 3 .The value of n is ___________
(Round off to the nearest integer)
(speed of light c  3 108 ms 1 )
Ans. 65: 2 to 2
Solution:
n '  3000 turns/m, I  1A, Binside  0 n ' I

Electric field inside capacitor E 
0
S 1 1 1 
Pd   2  EB  2   o n ' I
c 2
c 0 c 0 0
  0 2000
Pd  n'I   3000  A   2 1013 Nsm3 n2
c 0  
2 2
3 108 0 1016

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GATE - 2022: Questions with Solution

GATE 2022 Physics (PH)

(a) 0.5 (b) 1.0 (c) 1.5 (d) 2.0

Q4. Given the statements:

QR  RZ (being radius of the circle)

That is, area  P WR   area  RZUV   area  SRQT 

 area  SPQT   area  P WR   area  RZUV 

Q. 6 – Q. 10 Carry TWO marks each.

3....3 4....4 5....5 6....6 7....7 8....8 9....9

Example: Allowed steps for a Person at Y

Q10. Consider a cube made by folding a single sheet of paper of appropriate

Ans. 10: (d)

black- shaded surface. So, choice  a  &  b  are incorrect.

So, option (c) not a possible unfolding

Q.11 – Q.35 Carry ONE mark Each

between Vsat to Vsat

3. X  3   Y  0  (iii) Third forbidden  -decay

4. X  4   Y  0  (iv) Allowed  -decay

(a) 1 – i, 2 – ii, 3 – iii, 4 – iv (b) 1 – iv, 2 – i, 3 – ii, 4 – iii

Ans. 12: (b)

And ab  cd  1 , one constraint ( 1 2 C No. of diagonal elements) on the value of diagonal

elements. This will make one more component dependent.

Generalizing for n  n matrix.

the total orbital angular momentum are

Vin  r ,   A0  A1rP1  cos    ....

Vin  0,   A0  A1  0  ... All other terms are zero.

Thus potential at centre is only decided by A0 ; A0  ?

p  qA sin t  p  qA 2 cos 2 t

2c  2bx  4cx 2  4a  4bx  4cx 2  0

(i) J 2 , L2 , S 2 , Jz commutes with L.S but not Lz and S z

(c)            (d)          2

statements are correct?

(b) nim could be zero

(c) n is an analytic function in the upper half of the complex  plane

Q25. Complex function f  z   z  z  a ( a is a real number) is

Ans. 25: (a), (c)

Along line having slope  m  passing through  a, a 

Hence function is continuous at  a, a 

By definition, the derivative of the function at  a, 0  is

Along line having slope ' m ' passing through  a, 0 

Hence function is differentiable at  a, 0 

Thus „a‟ and „c‟ are correct options.

(a) g  k    g *  k  implies f  x  is real

(b) g  k    g *  k  implies f  x  is purely imaginary

(c) g  k    g *  k  implies f  x  is purely imaginary

(d) g  k    g *  k  implies f  x  is real

Ans. 26: (a), (b)

taking complex conj of (1)

Now if g  k   g *  k  {condition „a‟}

Hence f  x  must be real and not purely imaginary

 f  x    f *  x  . Thus f  x  must be purely imaginary and not real.

Thus „a‟ and „b‟ are correct options.

has a regular singularity at

Thus  x  x0  P  x  remains finite .

Thus  x  x0  Q  x  remains finite.

Thus both 1 and 1 are regular singular points.

We know that,  Pauli  0 B2 D( EF )

 Pauli  0 B2 D( EF )  4 107   9.3 1024 

 Pauli  4   9.3   6.2 107 48 46  6.735 106

resistance RL is connected to the power supply, a voltage drop of VL  4 V is measured across

Ans. 32: 311 to 312

N is ____________ (speed of light  3 108 ms 1 , h  6.6 1034 Js )

can be detected by using this spectrometer is n  1021 m 3 . The value of n is _____________