Topic: Philippines During American Period

American Colonization In The Philippines

 The Spanish-American war which started in Cuba, changed the history of the
Philippines.
 Faced with defeat, the Philippines was ceded to the United States by Spain in
1898 after a payment of US $20 million to Spain in accordance with the "Treaty
of Paris" ending the Spanish-American War.
 On May 1, 1898, the Americans led by U.S Navy Admiral George Dewey, in
participation of Emilio Aguinaldo, attacked the Spanish Navy in Manila Bay.
 On June 12, 1898, Filipinos led by Emilio Aguinaldo declare independece.
 This declaration was opposed by the U.S who had plans of taking over the
colony. And this led to a guerrilla war against the Americans.

The Philippine-American War 1898-1946

 Hostilities broke out on February 4, 1899, after two American private son patrol
killed three Filipino soldiers in San Juan, a Manila suburb.
 This incident sparked the Philippine-American War, which would cost far more
money and took far more lives than the Spanish-American War.
 Some 126,000 American soldiers would be committed to the conflict; 4,234
Americans died, as did 16,000 Filipino soldiers who were part of a nationwide
guerilla movement of indeterminate numbers.
 At least 34,000 Filipinos lost their lives as a direct result of the war, and as many
as 200,000 may have died as a result of cholera epidemic at the war's end.
 Atrocities were committed by both sides.
 Aguinaldo dissolved the regular army in November 1899 and ordered the
establishment of decentralized guerilla commands in each of several military
zones.
 The revolution was effectively ended with the capture (1901) of Aguinaldo by
Gen. Frederick Funston at Palanan, Isabela on March 23, 1901 and was brought
to Manila.
 Free trade, established by an act of 1909, was expanded in 1913.
 Influenced of the uselessness of further resistance, he swore allegiance to the
United States and issued a proclamation calling on his compatriots to lay down
their arms, officially bringing an end to the war.
 However, sporadic insurgent resistance continued in various parts of the
Philippines, especially in the Muslim South until 1913.

U.S. Colony

 Civil government was established by the Americans in 1901, with William

Howards Taft as the first American Governer-General of the Philippines
 English was declared the official language.
 Six hundred American teachers were imported aboard the USS Thomas.
 Also, the Catholic Church was disestablished, and a substantial amount of
church land was purchased and redistributed.
 Some measures of Filipino self-rule were allowed, however. An elected Filipino
legislature was established in 1907.