SOCIAL SCIENCE

GRADE 5
LESSON -12: ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
NOTES (2022-23)

I. Learning Objectives

● To analyse the concept of pollution and its types.

● To understand the impact of our actions on environmental issues.

II. Keywords

★ Pollution
★ Pollutant
★ Pollen
★ Environment
★ Contaminate

III. Complete the given graphic organizer. (Types of pollution)

IV. Define the following:

1. Pollution:- Addition of harmful substances in the air, water and land.

2. Pollen:- Yellowish powder present in flowers.
3. Pollutant:- Poisonous substance, toxin.
4. Contaminate:- Contamination is the presence of a constituent or impurity.

V. Answer the following:

5. What are the main causes of air pollution? How can it be reduced?
Ans: The burning of fuels in houses, factories and vehicles adds poisonous substances to
the air causing air pollution.
Air pollution can be controlled by:-
● Reducing the burning of fossil fuels.
● Using filters in factory chimneys to filter out harmful substances.
● Afforestation.

6. List two causes and effects each of:

Ans:

NOISE POLLUTION WATER POLLUTION

Causes Causes

1. Unnecessary honking of vehicles. 1. Dumping of sewage and dirty water

2. Loud noises made by machinery into rivers.
2. Dumping of industrial waste.
Effects
1. Loud noise can cause loss of hearing Effects
in people.
1. Water pollution may cause waterborne
2. Noise pollution can cause insomnia.
diseases.
a. Jaundice
b. Typhoid
c. Dysentery
2. Water pollution causes harm to fish
and other marine creatures
.
7. Write a short note on soil pollution.
Ans: Soil gets polluted when we add too much pesticides and chemical fertilizers to the
soil to get a higher yield. It is defined as the presence of materials in the soil which are
harmful to the living being when they cross their concentration levels.

VI. HOTS question.

8.
A. If you stay near your school, you can go walking to your school, it will keep you healthy and
also reduce pollution. How?

B. Amsterdam is a beautiful place. People ride bicycles for short distances. Even inside
airports, employees use bicycles to move from terminal to terminal. For long distances,
they use cars which have stands to carry bicycles. They park their vehicles at convenient
parking places and then ride their bicycles to their destination. In short, they use cars
only when they cannot avoid it. Why do you think they do that? How do you think these
people are helping the future generation?