VOLCANOES OF THE CENTRAL PHILIPPINES:

1. Alto Volcano- The massive compound Alto volcano at the

northern end of Leyte Island has K-Ar dates of 0.43-0.38 million
years and contains the Tongonan geothermal field.
2. Biliran Volcano- Biliran volcano comprises the whole 20x35 km
Island of Biliran which is formed by a group of lava domes. It is
located across the narrow Biliran Strait from the northern tip of
Leyte Island.
Biliran volcano is at the northern end of a 170 km long volcanic
chain extending SSE to Panaon Island.
The only known historic activity took place on 26 September 1939
and consisted of a phreatic explosion accompanied possibly by a
debris avalanche. Ash fell in Caibiran town 12 km to the E.
There are many fumarole fields, hot springs, mud pools and
thermal areas on Biliran.
3. Cabalian Volcano- Mount Cabalían volcano is located on the
SE tip of Leyte Island, Philippines. It is is an andesitic
stratovolcano with steep radial erosion valleys and ridges that are
moderately to thickly vegetated.
It contains a summit crater filled by a lake. The crater rim is
irregular and forms 2 peaks on the S side. A recent pyroclastic
flow deposit was radiocarbon dated to be only about 150 years
old. Hot springs with temperatures of up to 64 deg C are found on
the east and west flanks of Cabalían.
4.Cancajanag Volcano- Cancajanag volcano is a complex of lava
domes located 6.5 km NNW of Lobi volcano on Leyte Island,
Philippines. The age of its most recent eruptions is not known, but
it was classified as potentially active by PHIVOLCS.
5. Canlaon Volcano- Canlaon volcano (also spelled Kanlaon) on
Negros Island is one of the most active volcanoes of the
Philippines and the most active one of the Central Philippines. It
forms the highest peak of Negros Island and is located west of
Canlaon about 36 km southeast of Bacolod City and belongs to
Canlaon National Park.
6. Cuernos De Negros- Cuernos de Negros (also known as
Magaso) is a large stratovolcano complex located in SE Negros
Island, Philippines, near the city of Dumaguete. It is unknown
when it has erupted after since the last radiocarbon-dated activity
about 14,000 years ago. At present, it still has active fumaroles at
the highest crater of Magaso, sulphuric springs at the ESE flanks
and hot springs on the NE flank.
An increase in fumarolic activity was observed after (and probably
triggered by) a major tectonic earthquake in 1902.
The Palinpinon geothermal field is located south of the Okoy
River on the north side of the volcano.
7. Mahagnao- Mahagnao volcano (also known as Kasiboi or
Casiboi) is a forested andesitic stratovolcano in central Leyte
Island, Philippines.
The volcano contains a steep-walled forested summit crater open
to the south. Malagsom and Danao are 2 lakes located on the
south flank. Malagsom Lake is an acidic crater lake with green
color. Danao Lake is a freshwater lake with an irregular shoreline
and hot springs on its southern side.
8. Mandalagan Volcano- Mandalagan volcano in northern Negros
Island, Central Philippines, is an eroded dominantly andesitic-
dacitic volcanic complex. It is formed by 7 volcanic edifices and
has at least 5 craters of up to 2 km in diameter, some of which are
probably calderas. The age of its last eruptions, which produced a
thin basalt lava flow, is unknown.
Mandalagan has very active fumaroles in at least 11 locations.
One fumarole field is particularly powerful. It emits a high-
temperature (106 degrees C) plume to 30 m height accompanied
by a roaring noise like a high-pressure geothermal borehole.
Mandalagan volcano is part of the northern Negros volcanic arc
which also contains Mt Silay (1534 m), Mt Kanlaon (2465 m). Mt
Mandalagan volcanoes.
9. Silay Volcano- Silay volcano is the northernmost volcano on
Negros Island lies 28 km east of Silay City. It is a basaltic-
andesite stratovolcano with a partially breached, 3.5-km-wide
summit caldera.
It is unknown when the last eruptions occurred at Silay volcano.
The Malisbog solfatara field has fumarolic activity and extensive
sulfur deposits.