mdi,a <uqka ish osú kid .

ekSu
ms<sn`o jd¾;d wOHhkh

m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
uyr.u
2017
 mdi,a <uqka ish Èú kid .ekSu ms<sn`o jd¾;d wOHhkh

iuia; ud¾f.damfoaYkh wdpd¾h à' ta' wd¾' fþ' .=Kfialr

wOHCI ckrd,a" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

jHdmD;s iudfhdacl tï' ã' ã' whsrdKs o is,ajd

iyldr wOHdmk{

wNHka;r m¾fhaIK iydh ã' lemafmáf.dv

fcHAIaG l:sldpd¾h
ví' fla' mqIamud,d
fcHaIaG l:sldpd¾h
ã' fyÜáf.a
lÓldpd¾h
tka' ã' Èidkdhl
lÓldpd¾h
fla' ta' tka' tia' wef,laiekav¾
lÓldpd¾h

fidaÿ m;a ne,Su iy NdId wdpdhœ" rdclSh mKaä; mQcH jdúkafka

ixialrKh m[a[dkkao ysñ
iyldr l:sldpd¾h
isxy, NdId fomd¾;fïka;=j

mß.Kl joka ieliqu mS' ks,añKs m%kdkaÿ

l<ukdlrK iyldr

ii
 mgqk

msgq wxlh

mgqk iii

fmrjok iv

ia;=;sh v

ixlaIsma;h vi

j.= kdudj,sh vii

ye¢kaùu 1-3

m¾fhaIKfhaa l%ufõoh 3

o;a; úYaf,aIKh yd w¾:l:kh 4 - 15

ks.uk yd fhdackd 16 - 22

wdYs%; .%ka: kdudj,sh 23

weuqKqï 24 - 25

iii
 fmrjok

úoHdj yd ;dlaIKfha oshqKqj;a" úYaj .%dóh ixl,amh;a fya;f

= ldg f.k isÿjkakd jQQ
hym; fuka u" iudcShSh jYfhka f,dalfha isÿjk whym;a ls%hdj,s o" jeäfjñka mj;s' fuu
ls%hdj,s w;r" b;d u whym;a ;;a;ajhla jkafka" f,dalfha isÿjk ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj
ie,lsh hq;= m%udKhlska jeäùu h' fuu ;;a;ajh jvd;a wNd.H iïmkak ù we;af;a" mdi,a isik
q ao
ish Èú kid .ekSug fm,öfuks'

YS% ,xldfõ" mdi,a isiqka ish Èú kid .ekSu iïnkaO j" ;u wjOdkh fhduq lrk ckdêm;s
f,alï ld¾hd,h" fï ms<sn`o j wOHhkhla isÿ lr jd¾;d lrk f,i cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfhka
lrk ,o b,a,Su wkqj m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska" 2006-2015 olajd" jir oyh
;=<" YS% ,xldfõ mdi,a isiqka ish Èú kid .ekSu ms<sn`o fmd,sia jd¾;d weiqßka ,nd.;a o;a; mokï
j fuu jd¾;dj ilia lr ;sfí'

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfhaa m¾fhaIK fomd¾;fïka;=j u`.ska 90 oYlfha ish osú kid .ekSu
ms<sn`o 2006 jif¾ oS isÿ lrk ,o wOHhkhg miqj iqúfYaI j mdi,a hk jhfia isiqkaf.aa ish osú
kid .ekSu ms<sn`o wjOdkh fhduq l< fuu wOHhkhg odhl ùug ,eîu YS% ,xldfõ úêu;a mdi,a
moaO;sfha .=Kd;aul ixj¾Ok ld¾hhka ys ksr; cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh ,o uy`.= wjia:djls'

mdi,a hk isiqkaf.a udkisl fi!LH /l .ekSu Wfoid úfYaI wjOdkh fhduqúh hq;= lreKq
we;=<;aa fuu jd¾;dj bÈß úIhud,d ixj¾Okfha § jeo.;a jkq we;' tfuka u mdi,a hk jhfia
isiqkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï iïnkaOfhka iuia; iudcfha úfYaI wjOdkh fhduq lsÍug yd
bÈßfha § .; hq;= ms<shï ie,iqï lsÍug ufydamldÍ fõ hehs o is;ñ' jd¾;dfõ i`oyka fhdackd ta
ta md¾Yajhka úiska ls%hd;aul lsÍfuka mdi,a hk wjêfha isiqkaf.a udkisl fi!LH /l .ksñka"
tu jhfia miqjk orejkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSïj,ska j,lajd .eksug lghq;= fhdokq we;ehs
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjñ'

wdpd¾h à' ta' wd¾' fþ' .=Kfialr

wOHCI ckrd,a
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
2018'08'31

iv
 ia;=;sh
mdi,a <uqka ish osú kid .ekSu ms<sn`o ióCIKhla isÿ lr lreKq bÈßm;a lrk f,i
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh fj; fuu lghq;a; mejre ckdêm;s f,alï ld¾hd,hg m%:ufhka u
wmf.a yDohdx.u ia;=;sh msß kuuq'

fuu jd¾;dj ms<sfh, lsÍu i`oyd YS% ,xldfõ ish Èú kid .ekSïj,g wod< 2005-2015 olajd
f;dr;=re wm fj; ,nd §ug lghq;= l< YS% ,xld fmd,sia fomd¾;fïka;=fõ fmd,sia ixLHd f,aLk
fldÜGdifha wod< f,aLk Ndr j isá ysgmq ksfhdacH fmd,siam;s .dñKSS kjr;ak uy;dg;a" uQ,sl
jd¾;d Pdhd msgm;a lr wm fj; ,nd ÿka ysgmq ldka;d fmd,sia mrSlaIl tÉ¡ mS' l=iu
q dj;s uy;añh
iy ldka;d fmd,sia fldia;dm,a risld nKavdrkdhl uy;añhg;a wmf.a f.!rdjdor ia;=;sh m<
lrk w;r ck ix.Kkhka wdYs%; ixLHd f,ALk ,nd .ekSu i`oyd wm fj; iydh ,nd ÿka
n;a;ruq,a, ck yd ixLHd f,aLk fomd¾;fïka;=jg;a wmf.a úfYaI ia;=;sh msß kuuq'

fuu wOHhkh isÿ lsrSu i`oyd wLKav j ud¾f.damfoaYkh iemhQ cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha
wOHCI ckrd,a wdpd¾h chka;s .=Kfialr uy;añhg m¾fhaIK fomd¾;fïka;=fõ úfYaI ia;=;sh
m< lr isáuq'

jd¾;dj ms<sfh, lsÍfï § ish Èú kid .ekSïj,g wod< ,sms" fmd;am;a imhdÿka mqia;ld,
yd f;dr;=re fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wxY m%Odks f,aLd ldßhjiï ñh" §ma;s .=Kj¾Ok" whsrd
f;kakfldak"a we;=¿ mqia;ld,fha ish¿ u ld¾h uKav,hg o úfYaI ia;=;sh m< lr isáñ'

fuu jd¾;dj iïmQ¾Kfhka u lshjd n,d fidaÿ m;a n,ñka o úhrK ixialrKfhka o
iqúfYaIS fufyjrl ksr; jq isxy, fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wdpdhœ" rdclSh mKaä; mQcH jdúkafka
m[a[dkkao ysñ lD;fõ§ j isysm;a lruq'

jd¾;dj ms<sfh, lsÍu i`oyd Ydia;S%h jYfhka u`. fmkaùug yd iyfhda.h ,nd ÿkaa m¾fhaIK
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wOHCI ã' lemafmáf.dv uhd we;=¿ wOHhk ld¾hh uKav,hg o" iydh ld¾h
uKav,hg o" m¾fhaIK jd¾;dj mrs.Kl .; lrñka jd¾;dj t<s ±laùug iydh ÿka mS' ks,añKs
m%kdkaÿ" uy;añhg o udf.a yDohdx.u ia;=;sh msß kuñ'

tï' ã' ã' whsrdks o is,ajd

iyldr wOHdmk{

v
 úOdhl ixlaIsma;h
f,dal fi!LH ixúOdk o;a; wkqj ish Èú kid .ekSfï w;r Y%S ,xldj by< u ia:dkhl
miq fõ' fuu miqìu ;=< Y%S ,xldfõ mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSfï m%jK;d
ms<sn`o fidhd ne,Su fuu wOHhkfha uQ,sl wNsu;d¾:h úh' fuu uQ,sl wruqK u; 2006-2015
oYlfha iuia; mdi,a hk wjêfha miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSfï iajNdjh" ish Èú kid
.ekSug n,mE fya;=" ish Èú kid .ekSug Wmfhda.S lr .;a l%u fidhd ne,Su iy mqñ;sß nj yd
wOHdmk uÜgu" wkqj ish Èú kid .ekSfï rgd y`ÿkd .ekSu" úi`ªï y`oqkd .ekSu yd ta i`oyd
fhdackd bosrsm;a lsrSu hk iqúfYaI wruqKq mokï lr f.k wOHhkh isÿ lrk ,os'

úia;rd;aul m¾fhaIK m%fõYh wkq.ukh lrñka" oaú;Shsl o;a; mokï lrf.k

m¾fhaIKh ls%hd;aul lrk ,o w;r j¾I 2006-2015 oYlh ;=< wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha ish
Èú kid.;a isiqka ixLHdj woH;k m¾fhaIKfha ksheÈh úh' ta wkqj 2006-2015 oYlfha ;=< Y%S
,xldfõ ish Èú kid .ekSu ms<sn`o fmd,sia jd¾;d óg mokï lr .eksKs' m%;sY; yd wkqmd;
weiqßka úYaf,aIKh isÿ úh' úYaf,aIs; o;a;" j.= weiqßka bÈßm;a lr we;s w;r" wjYH;dj u;
úia;rd;aul f,i o bÈßm;a lr ;sfí'

wOHhkfha m%Odk wkdjrK jkafka 2006-2015 oYlfha iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj
jk 37684 ka" wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha ish osú kid .;a msrsfika mdi,a wOHdmkh ,nñka isá
isiqka ixLHdj 1281 la nj h' th ish osú kid.;a uq¿ msrsfika 3'39]ls' wjqreÿ 8-16 iy 17-20 jhia
ldKav foflys u msßi ish Èú kid .ekSug nyq, jYfhka Ndú; l< l%uh jQfha f., isr lr
.ekSu h' wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj ie,lSfï § mdi,a hk wjêfha miqjk isiqkaf.ka jeä u Èú kid
.ekSï ^1417& ixLHdj jd¾;d jkafka 8 jk fYAK
% sh iu;=kaf.ks' mqñ;sß nj wkqj wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia
ldKavfha mdi,a wOHdmkh ,nk YsIHhkaf.a ish osú kid .ekSï YsIHhkag idfmaCIj YsIHdjkaf.a
ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj 217lska by< h' Èjhsfka ish¨ u mdi,aj, WmfoaYkh yd
jD;a;Shud¾f.damfoaYh lsh
% d;aul lsÍu" ta i`oyd .=rejrekag úêu;a mqyqKqjla ,nd §u" úIhud,fjka
Ôú;fha jákdlu ms<sn`o .eUqre ±laula isiqkag ,nd §u" ióm foudmsh .=re fo.=re in`o;d mj;ajd
.ekSu" ish Èú kid .ekSï yd ñkS uereï ms<sn`o f;dr;=re md,khlska hqla; j udOH u.ska úldih
lsÍu" ú/lshdjg úi÷ï ,nd §u" È<s`ÿ ck fldgia i`oyd iyk ,nd §u" úêu;a ,sx.sl wOHdmkhla
,nd §u iy úNd. u.ska we;s jk mSvkh wju lsÍu fuu wOHhkfhka fhdackd flf¾'

vi
 j.= kdudj,sh

msgq wxlh
1 jk j.=j ( iuia; ish osú kid .ekSï ^2006-2015 oYlh& 04

2 jk j.=j ( wjqreÿ 08-20 iuia; jhia ldKavh iu`. wjqreÿ 08-16 iy 17-20 05
jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï

3 jk j.=j ( wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug

n,mE fya;= 07
4 jk j.=j ( wjqreÿ 08-16 iy wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKvfha miqjkakka ish Èú
kid .ekSug n,mE fya;= 08
5 jk j.=j ( wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug Ndú;
l< Wml%u 10
6 jk j.=j ( wjqreÿ 08-16 iy wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú
kid .ekSug Ndú; l< Wml%u 11
7 jk j.=j ( mqñ;sß nj wkqj wjqreÿ 08-20 miqjkakka f.a ish Èú kid .ekSu 12
8 jk j.=j ( mqñ;sß nj wkqj wjqreÿ 08-16 yd 17-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka f.a
ish Èú kid .ekSu 13
09' jk j.=j ( wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a
ish Èú kid .ekSï 14
10 jk j.=j ( wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj 08-16 yd wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha
miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï 15

vii
 mdi,a hk wjêfha miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï

1'0 ye`oskaùu
ish Èú kid .ekSu f,dalhg u fmdÿ jQ .eg¨jlss' iafõÉcdfjka ;u Ôú;h úkdY
lr .ekSula f,i ks¾jpkh lrk ish Èú kid .ekSu cd;s" wd.ï" ia;S% mqreI" jhia
fNaohlska f;drj f,dalfha ish¨ u rgj, isÿjk ksfYaOkd;aul ixisoaêhls' ufkda
úYaf,aIKjdÈhl= jk is.auka f*%dhsâg wkqj ish Èú kid .ekSu hkq mqoa.,hl= ;=<
iycfhka u we;s m%pKav;ajh ;udg u t,a,lr .ekSuls ^fmf¾rd" 2004&'
lefkaähdkq udkisl fi!LH ixúOdkh olajk mßÈ" f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkhg
wkqj" iEu ;;amr 40lg jrla u f,dalfha tla mqoa.,fhl= ish osú kid .ksS' tfuka u iEu
jirl u" f,djmqrd ñksiqka 873000 la muK ish Èú kid .kakd w;r ish Èú kid .ekSug
;e;a lrk ixLHdj ñ,shk 10;a 20;a w;r uÜgul mj;s' f,dal fi!LHh ixúOdkhg wkqj
ish Èú kid.kakd rgj,a w;rska 1995 oS YS% ,xldj m<uq ia:dkhg meñK ;sfí' hg;a
msßfihska YS% ,xldfõ 23 fofkl= ish Èú kid .kakd w;r" Tjqka jeä fofkl= wjqreÿ 16-35
jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka h ^cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh" 2006&' ;jÿrg;a cd;sl wOHdmk
wdh;kh ^2006& Wmqgd olajk mßÈ 1960 § 33]la jQ YS% ,xldfõ ;reK msrsi ish Èú kid
.ekSfï m%;sY;h 1980 j¾Ih jk úg 44] olajd j¾Okh ù ;sfí' f,dal fi!LH ixúOdk
jd¾;djg wkqj idudkHfhka YS% ,xldfõ" jirlg <uhska 400g" wdikak ixLHdjla ish Èú
kid.kakd w;r" 1995 jif¾ oS uq¿ ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj 8515ls' iqúfYaI lreKla
jkafka ta w;ßka ish Èú kid.;a 440la jhi wjqreÿ 18g wvq <uqka ùu h ^m%kdkaÿ yd
ch;=x." 2004&'
1939 wxl 48 ork <uhska yd ;reKhska ms<sno wd{dmk;g wkqj wjqreÿ 14g wvq
jhiaa iSudfõ miqjkakka <uhska f,i ie,fla' <ud whs;sjdislï m%{ma;shg wkqj Wmf;a isg
wjqreÿ 18 olajd ish¨ u mqoa.,hka <uqka h ^.=Kfialr" 1997&' Tlaia*¾â Yío fldaIhg wkqj
<uhd w¾: olajd we;af;a <dul tkï fkdfïre ukila we;s mqoa.,hl= jYfhks' fuu
fkdfïrE nj fya;=fjka <uhska ;=< .eg¨ úi|d .ekSfï ÿIalr;d mej;Su o" tksid we;s jk
úIdo ;;a;aj u; bÉPdNx.;ajhg m;aùfuka ish Èú kid .ekSug fm,ôh yels h' flfia
kuq;a ish Èú kid .ekSu" udkisl frda.s ;;a;ajhl m%;sM,hls' thg fya;=jk m%Odk u
udkisl frda.s ;;a;aj f,i m%kdkaÿ iy ch;=x." ^2004& fmkajd fokafka úIdoh^Dipression&"
Wu;= úIdoh ^Maniac Dipression& yd ySkafkdakaudoh ^Sehizoprenia) hk frda. ;=k h'
úIdoh" mqoa.,hl=f.a wdfõoksl yd m%cdkk wxYhkays Yla;sh wju lrk w;r" ldhsl
j fn,ySk;djg m;a lrk" udkisl wl%ñl;djls' tu ;;a;ajh È.ska È.g u mej;Su
mqoa.,hdg" Ôú;h tmdjk ;rug m%n, fõ' ´kE u jhia uÜgul § n,meje;aúh yels fuu
úIdoh ;;a;ajfhka mqreIhkag jvd ldka;djka fm,Sfï iajNdjh by< h' úIdoh fya;=fjka
<uqka ish Èú kid .ekSug ;e;a lsÍu olakg ,efnk nj;a tu iuyr <ud Èú kid .ekSï
isÿ jkqfha b;d iq¿ isÿùï mokï lrf.k h ^fmf¾rd, 2004&' uõmshkaf.a ;yxÑ, neKSï,
wjjdo lsÍï, o~qjï §u, mjqf,a tla orefjl=g jeäfhka wdorh lsÍu, .=rejrekaf.a wkjYH
md,kh, wdos fya;= fï ioyd uq,a ù ;sfí' <ud úIdoh ms<sn`oj ;j ÿrg;a lreKq olajk
fmf¾rd ^2004& úIdoh ksid <uhd ;=< ;ud ;ksjQ nj is;u
S yd wkHhka ;udg wdorh

1
fkdue;s nj is;Su" mrdð; ye`.Su" fõokd;aul miq;eú,a," udkisl fkdikaiqkalu" mdi,a
fkdhdu" mx;s hdu m%;slafIam lsÍu" l,amkd lsÍu" l,ska mej;s úfkdao lghq;=j,ska wE;aùu
yd yqfol,d ùu hk ;;a;aj <uhl= ;=< fmdÿfõ olakg ,efnk nj wjOdrKh lrhs'
fuhg wu;rj j¾;udk iudcfha udkisl .eg¨j,g ;=vqfok YsIHhdg .eg¨ldÍS
udkisl;aj we;s lrkakd jQ lafIa;% wgls ^wfímd, yd wfímd," 2016&' wfímd, yd wfímd,
^2016&g wkqj mjq,a ixia:dj wdY%s; .eg¨ ^oßø;dj" ì÷Kq mjq,a" mjqf,a w`vonr" uj úfoaY
.;ùu" kHIaál mjq,&" mdi, yd úIhud,dj wdY%s; .eg¨ ^úIhud,dj ixlS¾K ùu" úIh
f;dard .ekSu iïnkaO .eg¨" úNd. ms<sn| .eg¨" mdi, wdY%s; mßmd,kuh .eg¨&" fhdjqka
úh yd iu jhia lKavdhï wdY%s; .eg¨ ^ldhsl fjkialï" fm%au ino;d&" úoHdj yd ;dlaIK
ÈhqKqjg uqyqK §fï § we;sjkakd jQ .eg¨ ^mß.Klh" wka;¾cd,h" iudc fjí wvú wksis
f,i mßyrKh&" ckudOHj, n,mEu" úúO jHjikj,g uqyqK mEu ksid udkisl .eg¨
we;s ùu ^iajNdúl úm;a wd§& fmkajd § we;s w;r u <ud ysxikh" jev f,dalhg wdY%s;j
mek kef.k .eg¨ fia u úúO weíneys ùï ksid o isiqka .eg¨ldÍ udkisl ;;a;ajhkag
,la fõ'
1'1 wOHhkfha jeo.;alu
ish osú kid .kakd rgj,a w;rska 1995 § m%:u ia:dkfha isá YS% ,xldj" 2014 f,dal
fi!LH ixúOdk jd¾;dj wkqj ish osú kid .kakd rgj,a w;rska isõjk ia:dkhg t<U
;sfí ^Daily news, 2017)' tfia u cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh ^2006& fy<slrk mrsos fma%u
in`o;d ì|jeàu u; wjqreÿ 08-20 w;r jhia ldKavfha" ia;S% mqreI fomd¾Yajh u jeä
jYfhka ish Èú ydks lr .ks;s' fuys § .=re fo.=re wjjdo" ÿmam;alu" udkisl frda. hk
idOl fojeks yd f;jeks j n,md we;' úNd. wiu;aùu" ÿmam;alu" /lshd fkd,eîu jeks
fya;= u; mqreIhska ia;S%kag jeäfhka ish Èú kid f.k we;s nj o tu wOHhkfhka
wkdjrKh ù ;sfí' tfia u isiqka Èú kid .ekSug jeä m%h;ak ord we;af;a, mdi,a jdr
wjidk mÍCIK ,l=Kq ,nd fok Èkj, § h' flfia kuq;a úúO .eg¨ u; isiqka ish Èú
kid .ekSug fhduqj we;s wdldrh yd Bg fya;= .Kkdjla Y%S ,dxlsl ixo¾Nh ;=< fmdÿfõ
wkdjrKh lr .ekSug fhduq jqj;a iqúfYAI j mdi,a isiqka yd iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh
fhduqlr we;af;a wju jYfhks' uE; oYhlhlg jeä ld,iSudjla ;=< fï ms<sn| wjOdkh
fhduq l< njg we;s idCIs wju h'
f,dal fi!LH ixúOdk o;a; wkqj YS% ,xldj ish Èú kid .ekSï w;r by< u
ia:dkfha isáhs' flfia fj;;a fï ms<sn| úoaj;=kaf.a woyia wkqj fuu ixLHd f,aLk
ksjerÈ fkdfõ ^Kuip, 2018). ukao f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkhg YS% ,xldj 2006 § ,nd ÿka
o;a; mokïj wkd.; m%lafIamK wkqj fuu mqfrdal:k bosrsm;aj ;sîu h' flfia fj;;a
fuu ixLHd f,aLk iudcfha mq¿,a l;sldj;lg fya;=j we;¡ jvd;a jeo.;a jkafka fï
f;dr;=re wkqj wjqreÿ 30g wvq mqoa.,hkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï jeä nj m%lafIamKh ùuhs'
fuu jhia mr;rhg mdi,a hk jhfia orejka o wh;a fõ' rgl wkd.;h ksfhdackh
lsÍug isák mdi,a isiqka ish Èú kid .ekSug ;e;a lsÍu yd Bg fm,öu" rgg fuka u
f,dalhg u wNd.H iïmkak ;;a;ajhla Wod lrhs' fuu miqìu ;=< fmd,sia
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ixLHd f,aLk uQ,dY%j,g wkqj mdi,a hk jhfia orejkaf.a ish Èú kid
.ekSu ms<sn| ;;a;ajh ú.%y lsÍfï uQ,sl wNsud¾:h mokï j my; iqúfYaI wruqKq myla
Tiafia wOHhkh l%shd;aul lrk ,È'
2
1'2 wOHhkfha iqúfYaI wruqKq
1. fmd,sia jd¾;d weiqqßka 2006-2015 oYlfha iuia; mdi,a hk wjêfha miqjkakkaf.a
ish osú kid .ekSï ú.%y lsÍu
2. mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug fya;= úuid ne,Su
3. mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug Wmfhda.S lr.;a Wml%u y÷kd
.ekSu
4. mqñ;srs nj yd wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj mdi,a hk wjêfha miqjkakkaf.a ish osú kid
.ekSfï rgd y÷kd .ekSu
5. úi÷ï y÷kd .ekSu yd ta i`oyd fhdackd bosrsm;a lsrSu

2'0 m¾fhaIK l%ufõoh

úia;rd;aul m¾fhaIK m%fõYh wkq.ukh lrñka" oaú;Shsl o;a; u; mokïj
m¾fhaIKh l%shd;aul flßKs' fuys oS oaú;Shsl o;a; f,i 2006 isg 2015 olajd oi jirl
ld,hl ,xldfõ isÿ jQ ish Èú kid .ekSï iïnkaOfhka YSs% ,xld fmd,sia fomd¾;fïka;=fõ
jd¾;d fhdod .ekqKs' tu jd¾;d mokï lrf.k 2006 isg 2015 j¾Ih olajd jhi wjqreÿ
08-20 ;a w;r jhia ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSu ms<sn`o ;;a;ajh m%;sY;
weiqßka úYaf,aIKh flßK' úYaf,aIs; o;a; j.= weiqßka bÈßm;a lr we;s w;r" wjYH;dj
u; úia;rd;aul f,i o bÈßm;a flßKs'
m¾fhaIKfha § YSs% ,xld fmd,sia fomd¾;fïka;=fõ oYlhl ixLHd;aul jd¾;d
muKla wOHhkhg iSud jQ w;r" tys wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavhg wh;a ish Èú kid.;a
msßi ms<sn| muKla wjOdkhg ,la flßKs' tys oS tu jd¾;d .; o;a; j¾.SlrKh lr ;snQ
j¾.SlrKhkag wod< j wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha ish osú kid.;a msrsfiys ixLHd;aul
fjkila mej;sh o" tu j¾.SlrKhg wod< j mej;s o;a; ta wdldrfhka u mokï lr.ksñka
úYaf,aIK lrk ,os' jd¾;d weiqßka ,nd .;a o;a;" m¾fhaIKh i|yd muKla u fhdod
.ekSfuka" f;dr;=rej, ryiH nj wdrlaId lsÍu yd mqoa., wkH;djg ydks fkdlsÍug o j.
n,d .kakd ,È'

3
 3'0 o;a; úYaf,aIKh yd w¾:l:kh
fuu fldgiska 2006-2015 oYlfha Y%S ,xldfõ mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakka wh;a jk
jhi wjqreÿ 08-20 w;r miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid.ekSu ms<sn| f;dr;=re úYaf,aIKh
bÈßm;a flf¾' fuys § iuia; ish Èú kid.ekSï ms<sn| uQ,sl wjfndaOh i|yd m<uqj 2006-
2015 oYlfha iuia; ish osú kid .ekSï ixLHdj ms<sn| úYaf,aIKhla bÈßm;a lr ;sfí'
wk;=rej Y%S ,xldfõ 2006-2015 oYlfha mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakka wh;a jk jhi wjqreÿ
08-20 w;r jiia ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid.ekSu ms<sn| f;dr;=re my; ioyka
wkqms<sfj<g bÈßm;a flf¾'
 ish osú kid .ekSï ixLHdj
 ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE fya;=
 ish osú kid .ekSug Ndú; Wml%u
 ish osú kid .ekSfï rgd ^mqñ;srs nj yd wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj &

3'1 iuia; ish osú kid .ekSï ^2006-2015 oYlh&

Y%S ,xld fmd,sia jd¾;d wkqj Y%S ,xldfõ 2006-2015 oYlfha iuia; ish Èú kid
.ekSï ms<sn| f;dr;=re 1 jk j.=fõ ±lafõ'

1 jk j.=j' iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï ^2006-2015 oYlh&

j¾Ih iuia; msrsñ .eyekq iuia; ish Èú msßñ ish Èú .eyekq ish Èú
ck.ykh kid .ekSï kid .ekSï kid .ekSï
^x 1000&
ixLHdj wkqmd;h ixLHdj wkqmd;h ixLHdj wkqmd;h
* * *
2006 19858 9889 9969 4504 22'68 3558 35'97 946 9'49
2007 20039 9956 10083 4225 21'08 3281 32'95 944 9'36
2008 20246 10060 10186 4120 20'34 3260 32'40 860 8'44
2009 20476 10174 10302 4018 19'62 3097 30'44 921 8'94
2010 20675 10273 10402 3864 18'68 2914 28'75 950 9'13
2011 20892 10381 10511 3770 18'04 2939 28'31 831 7'90
2012 20425 9888 10537 3526 17'26 2721 27'51 805 7'64
2013 20585 9966 10619 3455 16'78 2703 27'12 752 7'08
2014 20771 10056 10715 3144 15'14 2484 24'70 660 6'16
2015 20966 10151 10815 3058 14'58 2389 23'83 669 6'18
204933 100794 104139 37684 18'39 29346 77'87 8338 22'12
* ck.ykfha 100 000lg ish Èú kid .ekSï

1 jk j.=jg wkqj 2006-2015 oYlfha Y%S ,xldfõ iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj
37684 jQ w;r bka jeä msßila ^ck.ykfhka ,laIhlg 77'87& msrsñ mlaIhg wh;a fõ'
oYlfha msrsñ ish Èú kid .ekSï wkqmd;h ^77'87*& .eyekq wkqmd;h ^22'12*& fuka 3'5l
.=Khls' j¾I wkqj i,ld ne,Sfï § oYlfha ieu j¾Ihl u iuia; ck.ykfhka
,laIhlg 23lg jeä msßñ ixLHdjla ish Èú kid f.k ;sfí' kuq;a .eyekq ish Èú kid
.ekSï ixLHdj ieu j¾Ihl u ck.ykfhka ,laIhlg 10g wvq h ^1 jk j.=j&'
WodyrKhla f,i jeä u msßila ish Èú kid.;a j¾Ih jk 2006 § msßñka 3558la ish Èú
kid.kakd úg .eyekqkaf.a ish Èú kid.;a ixLHdj 946la muKs' fï wkqj 2006 j¾Ifha

4
msßñ yd .eyekq ck wkqmd; wkqj msßñ ck.ykfhka ,laIhlg 36la ^35'97*& ish Èú kid
.kakd úg .eyekq ish Èú kid.;a ixLHdj ck.ykfhka ,laIhlg 10ls ^9'49*&' oYlfha
iuia; úYaf,aIK i,ld ne,Sfï oS msßñ md¾Yajfha ^77'87*& ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj
.eyekq md¾Yajfha ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj ^22'12*& fuka 3'5l .=Khlska by< nj
wkdjrKh fõ'

3'2 iuia; mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakkaf.a ^wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha& ish osú kid
.ekSï
fmd,sia jd¾;d wkqj 2006-2015 oYlfha mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakka we;=<;a jk wjqreÿ
08-20 iuia; jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid.;a ixLHdj iuÕ mdif,a 11 fY%aKsh olajd
bf.kqu ,nk isiqka l=,lhg wh;a wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha iy mdif,a 11 jk
fY%aKsfha isg w'fmd'i' ^W' fm<& olajd bf.kSfï fh§ isák isiqka wh;a wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia
ldKavfha ish Èú kid.ekSï ixLHdj ms<sn| ixikaokd;aul f;dr;=re 1 jk j.=fjka
bÈßm;a flf¾' fuys wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavh mdi,a hk jhfia w'fmd'i' ^id' fm<& olajd
wOHdmkh ,nk msßi f,i ie,lsh yels w;r" wjqreÿ 17-20 ldKavh jvd j¾Okh jk
lKavdhu f,i ie,lsh yels h'

2 jk j.=j' wjqreÿ 08-20 iuia; jhia ldKavh iuÕ wjqreÿ 08-16 iy wjqreÿ
17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï

j¾Ih mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakkaf.a ish osú kid .ekSï

wjqreÿ 08-16 wjqreÿ 17-20 iuia; wjqreÿ 08-20
ldKavh ldKavh ldKavh
ixLHdj m%;sY;h ixLHdj m%;sY;h ixLHdj m%;sY;h
2006 76 10'44 58 10'49 134 10'46
2007 76 10'44 45 8'14 121 9'44
2008 73 10'02 42 7'59 115 8'98
2009 95 13'05 58 10'49 153 11'94
2010 72 9'89 52 9'40 124 9'67
2011 87 11'95 53 9'58 135 10'54
2012 69 9'44 60 10'85 129 10'07
2013 58 7'97 72 13'02 130 10'15
2014 72 9'89 36 6'51 108 8'43
2015 55 7'55 77 13'92 132 10'30
tl;=j 728 553 1281

2 jk j.=jg wkqj 2006-2015 olajd jQ oYlfha wjqreÿ 08-20 w;r jhia ldKavfha ish
Èú kid.;a iïmQ¾K ixLHdj 1281ls' th iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï ^37684& ixLHdfjka
3'39]ls' oYlfha wjqreÿ 08-16 w;r jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj 728ls' wjqreÿ
17-20 jhia ldKavfha iuia; YsIH Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj 553ls'

ms<sfj<ska th iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï ^37684& ixLHdfjka 1'93]la yd 1'47]ls' mdi,a hk
jhfia miqjkakka we;=<;a jk wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha iuia; ish Èú kid.;a ^1281&
ixLHdfjka ms<sfj<ska 56'83]la yd 43'17]ls' ta wkqj wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú

5
kid .ekSï ixLHdj wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdjg idfmalaIj
14]ka by< h'
oYlfha wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSfï wju w.h ^7'55]&
fmkajk 2015 j¾Ifha § wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSfï Wmßu w.h 77
^13'92]& fmkakqï lrhs' wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha wju ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj 36
^6'51]&la f,i 2014 j¾Ifha § jd¾;d jk w;r wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha jeä u ish Èú
kid .ekSï ixLHdj jk 95 ^13'05]& 2009ka jd¾;d fõ' oYlfha wjqreÿ 08 -16 jhia ldKavfha
ish Èú kid .ekSï m%;Y
s ;h jd¾Islj ie,lSfï § 7'55];a 13'05];a w;r úp,kh jk w;r
wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï m%;sY;h 6'51];a 13'92];a w;r úp,kh fõ'
ta wkqj wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSfï Wmßuh 13]la ^2009 j¾Ifha §&
jk w;r 2015 j¾Ifha § wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha Wmßu w.h 14]ls' wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia
ldKavfha fojirl u ^j¾I 2013 yd 2015& ish Èú kid .ekSï m%;sY;h 13] blauùu 08-16
w;r jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï yd iei§fï § úfYaI ;;a;ajhls'
3'3 mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE fya;=

^2006-2015 oYlh&
wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï
flfrys iqúfYaIS j n,md we;s fya;= 09la fmd,sia jd¾;d wkqj y÷kd .ekqKs’' ^3"4 j.=&' Bg
wu;rj fjk;a fya;= jYfhka ldKavhla hgf;a o ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj bÈßm;a lr
we;s kuq;a fuu fjk;a fya;= ljf¾±hs fmd,sia jd¾;d wkqj fy<s fkd fõ'

fï hgf;a 2006-2015 oYlfha iuia; wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a ish
Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj yd ta flfrys n,mE fya;= wkqj tla j.=jlska o ^3 jk j.=j&" wjqreÿ
08-16 ldKavh iy wjqreÿ 17-20 ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mdk ,o fya;=
ixikaokh myiqjk mßÈ fjkajQ j.=jlska o bÈßm;a lr ;sfí ^4 jk j.=j&'

3'3'1 wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE fya;=
wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha isiqkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï flfrys n,mE fya;= wkqj
ñh.sh ixLHdj 3 jk j.=fõ igyka mßÈ fõ'
3 jk j.=j' jhi wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE fya;=

wkq ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE fya;=j ixLHdj m%%;sY;h

wxlh
01 fm%au iïnkaO;d ksid we;sjk l<lsÍï$n,dfmdfrd;a;= 1205 36'18
lvùï
02 jeäysáhka iuÕ we;sjk .eg¨ ^.=rejre$foudmshka& 643 19'30
03 udkisl wdndO 162 04'86
04 foudmshka we;=¿ {d;Skaf.a urK ksid is;a ;ejq,g m;aùï 118 03'54
05 wd¾Ólh yd iïnkaO .eg¨$È<s÷lu 94 02'82
06 ksoka.; frda. yd YdÍßl wmyiq;d 92 02'76
07 úNd. wiu;aùï 49 01'47
08 u;a øjHj,g weíneys ùï 37 01'11
09 ,sx.sl w;jrj,g ,laùï 09 0'27
10 wfkl=;a fya;= 922 27'68
tl;=j 3331 100'00

6
 fmd,sia jd¾;d mßÈ wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a ish osú kid .ekSï
flfrys n,md we;s m%Odk;u fya;=j ù we;af;a fm%au iïnkaO;d ksid we;s jk l,lsÍï yd
n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvùï h ^3 jk j.=j&' tu ldKavfha iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdfjka
;=fkka tllg jeä msßilf.a ^36'18]& ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE m%Odk fya;=j ù we;af;a
fm%au iïnkaO;d ksid we;s jk l,lsÍï h' ish osú kid .ekSu i|yd n,mE m%Odk u fya;=j
jk fm%au iïnkaO;d ms<sn| o;a;j, jd¾Isl úp,kh i,ld ne,Sfï § tu fya;=j u;
jirlg ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdfõ wjuh 87 ^2015 j¾Ih& isg Wmßu 135 ^2010 j¾Ih&
olajd mrdihl úisfrhs ^weuqKqu 1&'

fojkqjg ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mdk wksl=;a fya;= f,i i|yka fya;= u; 27'7]la
ish Èú kid f.k ;sfí' wfkl=;a fya;= f,i ioyka fya;= ksid ish Èú kid .;a msßi
yereKq úg ish Èú kid .ekSïj,ska mfyka tllg wdikak ixLHdjla ^19'30]& .=rejre fyda
foudmshka hk jeäysáhka iuÕ we;sjk .eg¨ ksid isÿ jQ ish Èú kid .ekSï h' ioyka
fya;= w;ßka ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE wju ^00'27]& fya;=j ,sx.sl w;jrj,g ,laùï h'
úNd. wiu;aùï" ksoka.; frda. yd YdÍßl wmyiq;d" wd¾Ólh yd iïnkaO .eg¨$È<s÷lu"
foudmsh urK" udkisl wdndO iq¿ m%udKj,ska ^01'47]- 04'86]& n,md ;sfí'

3'3'2 wjqreÿ 08-16 iy wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE
fya;=
4 jk j.=j' wjqreÿ 8-16 iy wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug
n,mE fya;=
wkq ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE fya;=j jhia ldKavh
wxlh wjqreÿ 08-16 wjqreÿ 17-20
ixLHdj m%%;sY;h ixLHd m%%;sY;h
j

01 jeäysáhka iuÕ we;sjk .eg¨ 299 30'20 344 14'69

^.=rejre$foudmshka&
02 fm%au iïnkaO;d ksid we;sjk 262 26'46 943 40'28
l<lsÍï$n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvùï
03 foudmshka we;=¿ {d;Skaf.a urK ksid 39 3'94 79 3'37
is;a ;ejq,g m;aùï
04 udkisl wdndO 39 3'94 123 5'25
05 ksoka.; frda. yd YdÍßl wmyiq;d 27 2'73 65 2'78
06 wd¾Ólh yd iïnkaO .eg¨$È<s÷lu 25 2'53 69 2'95
07 úNd. wiu;aùï 16 1'61 33 1'41
08 ,sx.sl w;jrj,g ,laùï 3 0'30 6 0'26
09 u;a øjHj,g weíneys ùï 1 0'10 36 1'54
10 wfkl=;a fya;= 279 28'18 643 27'47
tl;=j 990 100'00 2341 100

j.= wxl 4ka ksrEms; ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE fya;= wkqj wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia
ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï flfrys n,md we;s m%Odk;u fya;=j
jeäysáhka iu`. we;s jk .eg¨ ^30'20]& h' tu fya;=j u; ish Èú kid .;a ixLHdj tu
jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .;a iuia; ixLHdfjka ;=fkka tllg wdikak ixLHdjla ùu
wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= iqúfYaI ;;a;ajhls' wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid
.ekSu flfrys n,mE m%Odku fya;=j jk jeäysáhka iuÕ we;sjk .eg¨ u; ish Èú kid
7
.;a iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï 990ka 299^30'20]&ls' kuq;a wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish
Èú kid .ekSug n,md we;s m%Odku fya;=j ù we;af;a fm%au iïnkaO;d ksid we;sjk
l<lsÍï$n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvùï h ^40'28]&' th wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha iuia; Èú
f;drlr .;a ixLHdfjka wvlg 10]lska wvq ixLHdjls ^40'28]&' wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha
m%uqL fya;=j jQ jeäysáhka iuÕ we;sjk .eg¨ ^.=rejre$foudmshka we;=¿& u; jk ish Èú
kid .ekSï ixLHdj ^344& wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha m;aj we;af;a ;=kajk ^14'69]&
ia:dkg h'

jhia ldKav foflys u fojkqjg iuia;fhka y;frka tllg jeä msßila

^ms<sfj<ska 28'24] yd 27'47]la& ish Èú kid .ekSug fya;=j ù we;af;a fmd,sia jd¾;dj,
fya;= fjka fjka jYfhka ioyka fkdjQ fya;= u; h' wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú
kid .ekSï flfrys n,md we;s f;jk idOlh fm%au iïnkaO;d ksid we;s jk
l<lsÍï$n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvùï h' tu idOlh o tu ldKavfha y;frka tllg jeä
m%;sY;hla ^26'52]& ish Èú ksid .ekSug fya;=j ù ;sfí'

jhia ldKav foflys u udkisl wdndO yereKq úg wd¾Ólh iïnkaO .eg¨ ^2'53]
yd 2'95]&" foudmshka we;=¿ {d;Skaf.a urK ksid is;a ;ejq,g m;aùï ^3'94] yd 3'37]&"
úNd.h wiu;a ùu ^1'42] yd 1'41]&" ksoka.; frda. yd YdÍßl wmyiq;d ^2'73] yd 2'78]&"
,sx.sl w;jrj,g ,laùï ^0'30] yd 0'26]& hk lreKq 4]g wvq m%udKhlska Èú kid .ekSï
flfrys n,md ;sfí' wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSug jeämqr u n,md we;s
fya;=j jQ jeäysáhka iuÕ we;sjk .eg¨ ^.=rejre$foudmshka we;=¿& u; ish Èú kid .;a
ixLHdfõ oi jifrys úp,k i,ld ne,Sfï § wjuh 19 isg ^2012 j¾Ih& Wmßuh 45 ^2009
j¾Ih& olajd úisr mj;shs ^weuqKqu 2&'

3'4 mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug Ndú; l< Wml%u

^ 2006-2015 oYlh&
m¾fhaIKfha f;jk wruqKg wkqj mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakka tkï wjqreÿ 08-20
jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSu Ndú; l< Wml%u ms<sn|j úYaf,aIs;
f;dr;=re fï hgf;a bÈßm;a flf¾' fmd,sia jd¾;d wkqj ish Èú kid .ekSug fhdod.;a
Wml%u 13la iqúfYaIj yÿkdf.k ;sfí' tu Wml%u wkqj ish Èú kid .ekSï ms<sn|
f;dr;=re jhi wjqreÿ 08-20 ldKavh iuia;hla f,i f.k bÈßm;a lsÍfuka wk;=rej
wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavh iy wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavh fjka fjkaj ixikaokd;aulj tla
j.=jlska bÈßm;a lr ;sfí ^5 yd 6 j.=&'

8
3'4'1 wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug Ndú; l< Wml%u
wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug Ndú; l< Wml%u wkqj
ñh.sh ixLHdj 5 jk j.=fõ mßÈ fõ'

5 jk j.=j' wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug Ndú; l< Wml%u
wkq ish Èú kid .ekSfï Wml%u ixLHdj m%%;sY;h
wxlh
01 f., isrlr .ekSfuka 1477 39'47
02 lDñkdYl yd j,akdYl mdkh lsÍu 1236 33'03
03 iajNdúl ji lEfuka ^lfkare weg$ksh.,d w,& 363 9'70
04 .sks ;nd .ekSfuka 184 4'92
05 c,h iys; ia:dkj,g mekSfuka ^,sx$.x.d$we,fod<$ 133 3'55
uqyqo&
06 ÿïßhg fyda r:jdykj,g mekSfuka 112 2'99
07 .sks wú Ndú;fhka$w;afndaïn$mqmqrK øjH 71 1'90
08 ngysr T!IO j¾. mdkh lsÍfuka 59 1'58
09 weisâ j¾. mdkh lsÍfuka 29 0'77
10 bkaOk j¾. mdkh lsÍfuka ^fm%Ür,a$N+ñf;,a& 11 0'29
11 Wi ia:dkj,ska mekSfuka 11 0'29
12 uqjy;a wdhqO Ndú;fhka 01 0'03
13 u;a øjH mdkh lsÍfuka$tkak;a lr .ekSfuka 01 0'03
14 wfkl=;a l%u 54 1'44
tl;=j 3742

by; 5 jk j.=jg wkqj ish Èú kid .ekSu i|yd nyq,ju ^39'47]& Ndú; lr we;s
Wml%uh f., isr lr .ekSuhs' wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha 2005-2015 oYlfha isÿ jQ ish Èú
kid .ekSï 3742ka urK 1477la ^39'47]& u isÿ lrf.k we;af;a f., isr lr .ekSfuks'
lDñkdYl fyda j,akdYl mdkh fojkqjg jeä jYfhka Ndú; l< Wml%uh fõ' wjqreÿ 08-
20 jhia ldKavfha iuia; urK ixLHdfjka 33'57]la ish Èú f;dr lr .ekSug fuu l%uh
Ndú; lr ;sfí' f;jkqjg 10]^9'70]& l m%;sY;hla iajNdúl ji j¾. jk lfkare
weg$kshÕ,d w, jeks foa Ndú; lsÍfuka ish Èú ydks lrf.k we;s j wkdjrK fõ' uqjy;a
wdhqO Ndú;h iy u;a øjH mdkh$tkak;a lr .ekSu fhdod .;a wju ^0'03]& Wml%u fõ'
bkaOk j¾. mdkh ^fm%Ür,a$N+ñf;,a&" Wi ia:dkj,ska mekSfuka ish Èú ydks lr.;a
m%;sY;h o 0'30]g wvq h'

9
3'4'2 wjqreÿ 08-16 iy wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug Ndú;
l< Wml%u
6 jk j.=j' wjqreÿ 08-16 iy wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSug
Ndú; l< Wml%u
wkq ish Èú kid .ekSfï Wml%u jhia ldKavh
wxlh wjqreÿ 08-16 wjqreÿ 17-20
ixLHdj m%%;sY;h ixLHdj m%%;sY;h

01 f., isr lr .ekSu 426 41'56 1051 38'68

02 lDñkdYl yd j,akdYl mdkh lsÍu 305 29'76 931 34.27
03 iajNdúl ji lEfuka 113 11'02 250 9'20
^lfkareweg$ksh.,d w,&
04 c,h iys; ia:dkj,g mekSfuka 55 5'37 78 2'87
^,sx$.x.d$ we,fod<$uqyqo&
05 .sks ;nd .ekSfuka 42 4'11 142 5'22
06 .sks wú$ w;afndaïn fyda fjk;a 8 0'78 63 2'32
$mqmqrK øjH Ndú;fhka
07 ÿïßhg fyda r:jdykj,g mekSfuka 24 2'34 88 3'24
08 ngysr T!IO j¾. mdkh lsÍfuka 24 2'34 35 1'29
09 weisâ j¾. mdkh lsÍfuka 7 0'68 22 0'81
10 bkaOk j¾. mdkh lsÍfuka ^fm%Ür,a$ 3 0'29 8 0'29
N+ñf;,a&
11 Wi ia:dkj,ska mekSfuka 3 0'29 8 0'29
12 uqjy;a wdhqO Ndú;fhka 0 0 1 0'04
13 u;a øjH mdkh lsÍfuka$tkak;a lr 0 0 1 0'04
.ekSfuka
14 wfkl=;a l%u 15 1'46 39 1'44
tl;=j 1025 100 2717 100

6 jk j.=jg wkqj f., isr lr .ekSfuka ish Èú kid .ekSu wjqreÿ 08-16 iy
wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKav foflys u jeäu m%;Y
s ;h ^ms<sfj<ska 41'56] yd 38'68]& Ndú;
Wml%uh fõ' fuh jhia ldKav foflys u iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHfjka wvlg
ms<sfj<ska 8]la yd 11]la wvq m%udKhls' jhia ldKav foflys u jeä u msrsila ish Èú f;dr
lr .ekSu i|yd fuu l%uh Wmfhda.S lrf.k ;sîu wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= ;;a;ajhls'

fojkqjg jhia ldKav foflys u msrsi Ndú; l< Wml%uh jkafka lDñkdYl yd
j,akdYl mdkh lsÍuh ^ms<sfj<ska 29'76] yd 34.27]&' fuh 08-16 jhia ldKavfha iuia; ish
Èú kid .ekSï ixLHfjka ;=fkla tllg wdikak msßils ^29'76]&' 17-20 jhia ldKavfha
iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSïj,ska 1$3lg jeä ^34. 27]& m%udKhls' jhia ldKav foflys u
f;jkqjg by< msrsila Ndú; l< Wml%uh iajdNdúl ji Ndú;fhka ^lfkare weg$ksh.,d
w, wdÈh& ish Èú kid .ekSu h' wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavfha tu msrsi 11'02]ls' wjqreÿ 17-20
jhia ldKavfha msrsi 9'20]ls'

wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavfha isõjk yd miajk ia:dkhg c,h iys; ia:dkj,g mekSfuka
55 ^5'37]& ish Èú kid .ekSu yd .sks ;nd .ekSfuka 42 ^4'11]& ish Èú kid .ekSu m;aj
we;' fuu jhia ldKavfha u ish Èú kid .ekSug fhdod .;a Wml%u w;r miajk ia:dkhg
^4'11]& jk .sks ;nd .ekSfuka ish Èú kid .ekSfï Wml%uh 17-20 jhia ldKavfha
isõjkqjg jeä msrsila ish Èú ydks lr .ekSug Ndú; l< Wml%uh fõ^5'22]&' wjqreÿ 08-16

10
ldKavfha wfkl=;a ish,q Wml%u Ndú; l< ixLHdj 3]g wvq h' ta w;rska .sks wú$w;afndaïn
fyda fjk;a$mqmqrK øjH Ndú;fhka" weisâ j¾. mdkfhka" bkaOk j¾. mdkfhka
^fm%Ür,a$N+ñf;,a&" Wi ia:dkj,ska mekSfuka ish Èú ydks lr .ekSu hk fya;= y;r Ndú;
l< ixLHdj 1]g;a wvq h' kuq;a .sks wú$ w;afndaïn fyda fjk;a $mqmqrK øjH Ndú;fhka
wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï ^0'78]& fo.=Khlg jeä ixLHdjlska tkï
2'32]lska 17-20 jhia ldKavh ish Èú kid .ekSug fhduq ù ;sîu wjOdkhg fhduq l< hq;=
lreKls' tfiau wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavfha lsisjl=;a Ndú; fkdl< uqjy;a wdhqO Ndú;h iy
u;aøjH mdkfhka$tkak;a lr .ekSfuka ish Èú ydks lr .ekSu 17-20 jhia ldKavfha Ndú;
wju Wml%u fõ'

3'5 mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakka ish Èú kid .ekSfï rgd ^2006-2015&

fmd,sia jd¾;dj, i|yka jQ o;a; mrsos mdi,a hk wjêfha miqjkakkaf.a mqñ;sß nj
yd wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj hï rgdjla mj;S o hkak wkdjrKh lr .ekSu wruqKq lr
flreKq o;a; úYaf,aIKh fuys § bÈßm;a flf¾'

3'5'1 mqñ;sß nj wkqj ish Èú kid .ekSu

mdi,a hk wjêfha miqjkakkaf.a l=,lhg wh;a wjqreÿ 8-20 ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a
ish Èú kid .ekSï bosrsm;a lsrSfuka ^7 jk j.=j& wk;=rej wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavfha iy
wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï ms<sn|j mqñ;srs nj wkqj ikaikaokd;aul
úYaf,aIKh bÈßm;a flf¾ ^8 jk j.=j&'

7 jk j.=j' mqñ;sß nj wkqj wjqreÿ 8-20 ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSu

j¾Ih wjqreÿ 08-20 ldKavh

mqreI ia;%S
ixLHdj m%%;sY;h ixLHdj m%%;sY;h
2006 48 9'02 86 11'48
2007 50 9'40 71 9'48
2008 55 10'34 60 8'01
2009 59 11'09 94 12'55
2010 43 8'08 81 10'81
2011 60 11'28 75 10'01
2012 49 9'21 80 10'68
2013 62 11'65 68 9'08
2014 48 9'02 60 8'01
2015 58 10'90 74 9'88
tl;=j 532 100 749 100

7 jk j.=fjka ksrEms; f;dr;=re wkqj oYlfha wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha Èú

kid.;a iuia; msßñ ixLHdj 532la jk w;r th wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha iuia; ish
osú kid.;a ixLHfjka ^1281& 41'53]ls' .eyekq ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj ^749& 58'46]ls'
fï wkqj wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha msßñkag idfmalaIj .eyekq ish Èú kid .ekSï
m%;sY;h by< nj wkdjrKh fõ' fuu ;;a;ajh isõ jirl ^2011" 2013" 2014" 2015& yereKq
úg oYlh mqrdu mej;s ;;a;ajhls'

11
 2013 j¾Ifha § jeä u msßñ m%;sY;hla ^11'65]& ish Èú ydks lrf.k we;s w;r tu
j¾Ifha ish Èú kid .;a .eyekq ixLHdj 68 ^9'08]&ls' th 2'57]l fjkils' jeä u .eyekq
m%;sY;hla ^12'55]& ish Èú ydks lr.;a j¾Ih jkafka 2009 j¾Ihhs' kuq;a tu j¾Ifha mqñ;sß
nj wkqj ish Èú kid.;a md¾Yaj foflys fjki 1'46]ls' oYlh mqrd ish Èú ydks lr
.ekSfï m%;sY;h ie,lSfï § msßñ m%;sY; mrdih 3'57la jk w;r .eyekq m%;sY; mrdih
4'54ls' th 1]l fjkils'

8 jk j.=j' mqñ;sß nj wkqj wjqreÿ 08-16 yd wjqreÿ 17-20 ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú
kid .ekSï

j¾Ih wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavh wjqreÿ 17-20 ldKavh

mqreI ia;%S mqreI ia;%S
ixLHdj m%%;sY;h ixLHdj m%%;sY;h ixLHdj m%%;sY;h ixLHdj m%%;sY;h
2006 28 9'89 48 10'79 20 8'03 38 12'5
2007 32 11'31 44 9'89 18 7'23 27 8'88
2008 33 11'66 40 8'99 22 8'84 20 6'57
2009 32 11'31 63 14'16 27 10'84 31 10'20
2010 23 8'13 49 11'01 20 8'03 32 10'53
2011 32 11'31 50 11'24 28 11'24 25 8'22
2012 24 8'48 45 10'11 25 10'04 35 11'51
2013 23 8'13 35 7'87 39 15'66 33 10'86
2014 29 10'25 43 9'66 19 7'63 17 5'59
2015 27 9'54 28 6'29 31 12'45 46 15'13
tl;=j 283 445 249 304

08 jk j.=jg wkqj wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha msßñ ^283&la ish osú kid .kakd
úg wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish osú kid .;a msßñ ixLHdj 249ls' th wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia
ldKavfha ish osú kid .;a iuia; msßñ ixLHdfjka ms<sfj<ska 53'2] yd 46'8]ls' jhia
ldKav foflys .eyekq ish osú kid .ekSï fjka fjkaj ie,lSfï § wjqreÿ 08-20 iuia;
ldKavfha ish osú kid .;a .eyekq ixLHdfjka ms<sfj<ska 59'41] yd 40'59]ls' tfiau wjqreÿ
08-16 jhia ldKavhg ^445& jvd 17-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjk .eyekq ish osú kid .ekSï
ixLHdj ^304& my< h' kuq;a fuu jhia ldKav foflys u ia;%Skaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï
ixLHdj ^ms<sfj<ska 445 yd 304& mqreI ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdjg ^ms<sfj<ska 283 yd 249&
idfmalaIj by< h' fï wkqj fjka fjka jhia ldKav wkqj ie,lSfï § o jhia ldKav
foflys u msßñkag idfmalaIj .eyekq ish Èú kid .ekSï m%;sY;h by< nj wkdjrKh fõ'
mqñ;srs nj wkqj wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSïj, fjki 162la jk úg
wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha fjki 55ls' jhia ldKav fol wkqj ie,lSfï oS th
f;.=Khl fjkils'

wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha jeä u mqreI m%;sY;hlf.a ^11'66]& ish Èú kid .ekSï
2008 j¾Ifha § isÿj we;s w;r" ia;S% jeä u m%;sY;h ^14'16]& 2009 j¾Ifha § isÿj ;sfí'
mqñ;sß nj wkqj 2008 j¾Ifha ish Èú kid.;a md¾Yaj foflys fjki 2'67]la jk úg 2009
j¾Ifha o Bg wdikak 2'85]l fjkila fmkakqï lrhs' tfiau wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha
mqreI jeä u ish Èú kid .ekSï m%;sY;h ^15'66]& 2013 oS jd¾;d jk w;r" jeä u ia;S% Èú
kid .ekSï m%;sY;h ^15'13]& 2015 j¾Ifha oS jd¾;d fõ' mqñ;sß nj wkqj 2013 § ish Èú
kid.;a md¾Yaj foflys fjki 4'08]ls' 2015 j¾Ifha 2'68]ls'

12
3'5'2 wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj ish Èú kid .ekSu
oYlhl ld, iSudj ;=< § mdi,a hk wjêfha miqjkakkaf.a l=,lhg wh;a wjqreÿ 08-20
ldKavfha iuia; mdi,a hk wjêfha miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï ^09 jk j.=j&'
bosrsm;a lsrSfuka miqj wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavfha iy wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid
.ekSï ms<sn|j wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj ixikaokd;aul úYaf,aIKh bÈßm;a lr ;sfí ^10 jk
j.=j&'

09 jk j.=j' wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj 08-20 ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a

ish Èú kid .ekSï

wOHdmk uÜgu iuia; 08-20 jhia

ldKavh
ixLHdj m%%;sY;h
1-7 fY%aKsh olajd W.;a 550 15'67
8 iu;a 1417 40'37
w'fmd'i' ^id' fm<& iu;a 1311 37'35
w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& iu;a 232 6'61
tl;=j 3510 100

9 jk j.=j wkqj iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSïj,ska 56'45] jQ nyq;rh 08 fY%aKsh iu;a
fyda bka my< wOHdmk uÜgula ,nd we;s w;r w'fmd'i' ^id' fm<& uÜgug jvd wOHdmkh
,nd we;s msrsi 43'96]ls' iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï w;rska 6'61]la w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<&
iu;a iu;a jQjka h' th my< u wOHdmk uÜgu jQ 1-7 fY%aKsh olajd wOHdmk uÜgula ,nd
isáh oS ish Èú ydks lr.;a m%;sY;h ^2'37]& fuka fo.=Khlg;a jvd jeä msrsils' wjqreÿ 08-
20 iuia; jhia ldKavfha 8 jk fY%aKsh iu;a jQjka ish Èú kid .ekSïj, by< u m%;sY;h
^40'77]& ksrEmkh lrhs' fï wkqj wjqreÿ 08-20 iuia; jhia ldKavfha 8 fY%aKsh iu;a msßi
jeä jYfhka ish osú kid .ekSug fm<ö we;s nj wkdjrKh fõ'

13
 10 jk j.=j' wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj wjqreÿ 08-16 yd wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha
miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï

wOHdmk uÜgu 08-16 jhia ldKavh 17-20 jhia ldKavh

ixLHdj m%%;sY;h ixLHdj m%%;sY;h
1-7 fY%aKsh olajd 242 24'95 308 12'13
8 iu;a 518 53'40 899 35'39
w'fmd'i' ^id' fm<& iu;a 195 20'10 1116 43'94
w'fmd'i' ^W' fm<& iu;a 15 1'55 217 8'54
tl;=j 970 100 2540 100

10 jk j.=j wkqj wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï i,ld ne,Sfï oS
jeä msrsi ^53'40]& 8 jk fY%aKsh iu;a jQjka jqj o wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha jeä msrsi
^43'94]& w'fmd'i' ^id' fm<& iu;a jQjkah' tfia u 8 fY%aKsh iu;a wjqreÿq 17-20 jhia
ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdjg ^35'39]& jvd 18]lska wjqreÿq 08-16 jhia ldKavfha
ish Èú kid .ekSï ^53'40]& by< h'

wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .;a 78'35]l msrsi 8 fY%aKsh iu;a fyda bka
my< wOHdmk uÜgula ,nd we;s msrsils' wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha tu wOHdmk uÜgfï
ish Èú kid .;a msrsi 47'52]ls' wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha w'fmd'i' ^id' fm<& iu;a
uÜgug jvd by< wOHdmkh ,nd we;s msrsi 52'48]ls' ta wkqj o wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia
ldKavfha ish Èú kid .;a jeä msrsila ^78'35]& 8 fY%aKsh fyda bka my< wOHdmk uÜgula
,nd we;s msrsi jk kuq;a wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .;a jeä msrsila ^52'48]&
w'fmd'i' ^id' fm<& iu;a wh nj wkdjrKh fõ'

14
ks.uk

1' iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï i,ld ne,Sfï §

- msßñ md¾Yajfha ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj .eyekq md¾Yajfha ish Èú kid .ekSï
ixLHdj fuka 3'5l .=Khlska by< h' fï wkqj ia;s%Ska g idfmalaIj mqreIhkaf.a ish
Èú kid .ekSï jeä h'
- ish Èú kid .ekSïj, Wmrsuh 2006 j¾Ifha § isÿj we;s w;r wjuh 2015 oS isÿj
;sfí'
- oYlfha Wmrsu ish Èú kid .ekSï jd¾;d jk 2006 § msßñ yd .eyekq ck wkqmd;
wkqj msßñ" .eyekq fuka f;.=Khlg jeä msrsila ish Èú kid f.k ;sfí'

2' mdi,a hk jhia ldKavfha miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï i,ld ne,Sfï §
- wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdj wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia
ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdjg idfmalaIj 14]ka by< h'
- 2015 j¾Ifha § wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSfï wjuh ^7'55]&
fmkajk w;r u wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSfï Wmßuh ^13'92]&
fmkakqï lrhs'
- wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSfï Wmßuh ^13]& wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia
ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSfï Wmßuhg jvd wvqjkafka 1]lsks'
- wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha fojirl u ^j¾I 2013 yd 2015& ish Èú kid .ekSï
m%;sY;h 13] blaujhs'

3' ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE fya;= i,ld ne,Sfï §

- iuia; wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka
o ish osú kid .ekSug n,md we;s m%Odk;u fya;=j fm%au iïnkaO;d ksid we;sjk
l<lsÍï yd n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvùï h'
o th fuu jhia ldKavfha iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHdfjka ;=fkka tllg
^36'2]& jeä h'
- wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka
o ish osú kid .ekSug n,md we;s m%Odk;u fya;=j jeäysáhka iu`. we;s jk
.eg¨ h' th fuu jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .;a iuia; ixLHdfjka ;=fkka
tlg wdikakh ^30'26]&'
o Èú kid .ekSug fya;= jQ f;jk idOlh fm%au iïnkaO;d ksid we;s jk
l<lsÍï$n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvùï h' th fuu ldKavfha y;frka tllg jeä
m%;sY;hla ^26'52]& ish Èú kid .ekSug fya;=jls'

15
 - wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka
o ish Èú kid .ekSug n,md we;s m%Odku fya;=j fm%au iïnkaO;d ksid we;sjk
l<lsÍï yd n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvùï h'
o th fuu jhia ldKavfha iuia; Èú f;drlr .;a ixLHdfjka wvlg wdikak
ixLHdjla h'
- fmd,sia jd¾;dj, fya;= fjka fjka jYfhka i|yka fkdjQ fya;= u; jhia ldKav
foflys u iuia;fhka y;frka tllg jeä msßila ish Èú kid .ekSug fm,ö
we;'

- wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha m%uqL fya;=j jQ jeäysáhka iuÕ we;sjk .eg¨
^.=rejre$foudmshka we;=¿& u; jk ish Èú kid .ekSu wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha
ish Èú kid .;a fya;= w;r ;=kajk ia:dkh f.k we;'

- wd¾Ólh iïnkaO .eg¨" foudmshka we;=¿ {d;Skaf.a urK ksid is;a ;ejq,g m;aùï"
úNd.h wiu;a ùu" ksoka.; frda. yd YdÍßl wmyiq;d" ,sx.sl w;jrj,g ,laùï
hk fya;= jhia ldKav foflys u 4]g wvq m%udKhlska Èú kid .ekSï flfrys
n,md ;sfí'

4' ish Èú kid .ekSug n,mE Wml%u i,ld ne,Sfï §

- iuia; wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka
o ish Èú kid .ekSug fhdod.;a m%uqL u Wml%uh f., isr lr .ekSu h'
o lDñkdYl fyda j,akdYl mdkh fojkqjg jeä jYfhka Ndú; l< Wml%uh fõ'
o f;jkqjg Ndú; Wml%uh jkafka iajNdúl ji j¾. jk lfkare weg$kshÕ,d
w, jeks foa Ndú;h hs'
- wjqreÿ 08-16 iy wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha miqjkakka fjka fjka j ie,lSfï oS
o fomsrsi u ish Èú kid .ekSug fhdod.;a m%uqL u Wml%uh f., isr lr .ekSu
h'
o th wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHfjka wvlg
8]lg wvq m%udKhls'
o th wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha iuia; ish Èú kid .ekSï ixLHfjka wvlg
11]l wvq m%udKhls'
o fomsrsi u f., isrlr .ekSug wu;r j ms<sfj<ska lDñkdYl yd j,akdYl
mdkh lsÍu" iajNdúl ji lEu" .sks ;nd .ekSu" c,h iys; ia:dkj,g mekSu"
ÿïßh fyda r:jdykj,g mekSu" .sks wú Ndú;h yd ngysr T!IO j¾. Ndú;h
hk l%u uQ,sl j Èú ydkslr .ekSu i`oyd Ndú; lr ;sìKs'
o fomsrsi u uqjy;a wdhqO Ndú;h" u;aøjH mdkh fyda tkak;a lr .ekSu" bkaOk
j¾. mdkh lsÍu ^fmg%,a" N+ñf;,a wdÈh& hk l%u Èú f;dr lr .ekSu i`oyd wju
jYfhka Ndú; l< l%u úh'
o .skswú$w;afndaïn fyda fjk;a mqmqrK øjH Ndú;fhka wjqreÿ 8-16 ldKavfha ish
Èú kid .ekSï fo.=Khlg jeä ixLHdjlska 17-20 jhia ldKavh ish Èú kid
.ekSug fhduq ù ;sfí'

16
 o wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavfha lsisjl=;a Ndú; fkdl< uqjy;a wdhqO Ndú;h iy u;a
øjH mdkfhka$tkak;a lr .ekSfuka ish Èú ydks lr .ekSu 17-20 jhia
ldKavfha Ndú; wju Wml%u fõ'
- wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavfha isõjk yd miajk ia:dkhg ms<sfj<ska c,h iys; ia:dkj,g
mekSfuka ish Èú kid .ekSu yd .sks ;nd .ekSfuka ish Èú kid .ekSu m;aj we;'
- wjqreÿ 08-16 ldKavfha ish Èú kid .ekSug fhdod .;a Wml%u w;r miajk ia:dkhg
jk Wml%uh 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ihjekafka jeä msrsila ish Èú ydks lr .ekSug
Ndú; l< Wml%uh ù ;sfí'
- ish Èú ydks lr .ekSug Ndú; l< l%u ms<sn`o j i,ld ne,Sfï § wjqreÿ 08-20 jhia
ldKavfha miqjQjka b;d myiqfjka u <`.d lr .;yels l%uhlska Èú ydks lr .ekSu
g fm,öfï m%jK;djla mj;S'

5' mqñ;sß nj wkqj ish Èú kid .ekSï i,ld ne,Sfï §

- wjqreÿ 08-20 iuia; jhia ldKavfha msßñkag idfmalaIj .eyekq ish Èú kid .ekSï
m%;sY;h by< h' jhia ldKav fol fjka fjka j ie,lSfï oS fuu ;;a;ajfha
fjkila fkdue;'
- wjqreÿ 08-20 iuia; jhia ldKavfha jeäu msßñ m%;sY;hla ish Èú ydks lrf.k
we;s j¾Ih 2013 jk w;r jeä u .eyekq m%;sY;hla ish Èú ydks lr.;a j¾Ih
jkafka 2009 j¾Ihhs'
- wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha jeä u mqreI ish Èú kid .ekSï 2008 j¾Ifha § isÿj
we;s w;r" ia;S% jeä u ish Èú kid .ekSï 2009 j¾Ifha § isÿj ;sfí'
- wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha mqreI jeä u ish Èú kid .ekSï 2013 oS jd¾;d jk
w;r" jeä u ia;S% Èú kid .ekSï 2015 j¾Ifha oS jd¾;d fõ'

6' wOHdmk uÜgu yd ish osú kid kid .ekSï i,ld ne,Sfï §
- wjqreÿ 08-20 iuia; jhia ldKavfha 8 fY%aKsh iu;a ldKavfha msßi jeä jYfhka
ish osú kid .ekSug fm<ö we;' w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& iu;=kaf.a Èú kid .ekSï
idfmalaIj wvq h'
- wjqreÿ 08-20 iuia; jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .;a wvlg jeä msrsila ^56'45]& 8
fY%aKsh iu;a fyda bka my< wOHdmk uÜgula ,nd ;sfí'
- wjqreÿ 08-16 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .;a jeä msrsila ^78'35]& o 8 fY%aKsh fyda
bka my< wOHdmk uÜgula ,nd we;s msrsi h'
- wjqreÿ 17-20 jhia ldKavfha ish Èú kid .;a jeä msrsila ^52'48]& w'fmd'i' ^id'
fm<& iu;a msrsi h'

17
fhdackd
mdif,a j.lSu
 WmfoaYkh yd jD;a;Sh ud¾f.damfoaYkh mdi,aj, ls%hd;aul l< hq;= h' isiqkaf.a
wOHdmk .eg¨ yd fjk;a .eg¨j,g iydh ùu i`oyd YsIH WmfoaYkh ±kg mj;akd
;;a;ajhg jvd m%Yia; uÜgñka ls%hd;aul úh hq;= h'
 YsIH WmfoaYkh ls%hd;aul lsÍug fomd¾;fïka;= uÜgñka WmfoaYk kHdh yd Ndú;h
ms<sn`o iqÿiqlï,;a .=rejrhl= m;alr fkdue;s wjia:dj, oS ta i`oyd mdi,a mdol .=re
ixj¾Ok jevigyk wdOdr lr .ksñka wod< úIh ms<sn`o leue;a; yd lemùu iys;
.=rejrhl= mqyqKq lr .ekSu úÿy,am;sjrhdf.a j.lSu fõ'
 .eg¨ u;= jQ úg tajd úi§u fyda úi|d .ekSug Woõ §ug jvd .eg¨ iy wdmod
je<elaùug lghq;= lsÍu WmfoaYkfha uQ,sldx.hls' ta wkqj mdif,a wdmod je<elaùfï
jevigyka ls%hd;aul lsÍu i`oyd jeä wjia:d ie,ish hq;= h' isiqkag u;l ;nd .ekSu"
mdvï lsÍu" úNd.j,g fkdìhj uqyqK §u" wNsfhda.j,g uqyqK §u yd tajd ch .ekSug
md,kh lsÍu" whym;a Ñ;a;fõ. uev,Su" Okd;aul Ñka;kh j¾Okh lsÍu" wjOdkh
r`ojd ;nd .ekSu wdÈh ms<sn`o ixhu wNHdi we;=¿ ufkdaúoHd;aul l%u Ys,am yd
WmfoaYk l%u Ys,am ms<sn`o fCIa;%fha úfYaI{hskaf.a ^ufkda úµ{hska fyda WmfoaYkh
ms<sn`o úfYaI{hka& úfYaI foaYk u.ska oekqïj;a l< hq;= h' tf,i u wd.ñl
jevigyka u.ska o isiq uki fmdaIKh lsÍu o jeo.;a fõ'
 mdif,a WmfoaYkh ls%hdj,sh flfrys isiqka ;=< úYajdih we;s lsÍu iy WmfoaYkh ,nd
.ekSu i`oyd isiqka fhduq lsÍu jeo.;a fõ' WmfoaYkh fm!oa.,sl iy iduqysl jYfhka
o ,nd Èh yels h'
 WmfoaYk fiajd ms<sn`o foudmshka we;=¿ m%cdj ±kqj;a lsÍu o wjYH;djh ls' mdi,ska ta
i`oyd ud¾f.dmfoaYh iemhsh yels h'
 foudmshka" .=rejreka iy isiqkaf.a w;r hym;a ióm iïnkaO;d we;s lr ,Su i`oyd
mdi, fmruqK .; hq;= h' isiqkag jdÑl fyda wjdÑl o~qqjï ,nd §fï § Okd;aul
m%fõY Ndú; lsÍu iy o~qqjug jvd Wmia:ïNk flfrys fhduq ùu wjYH h'
 iuia; wOHdmk l%shdj,sfhka iy úIhud,dj u.ska isiqkag cSú;fha jákdlu ms<sn`o
wjfndaOh ,nd Èh hq;= h' ;udf.a jákdlu jgyd .ksñka ;u cSú;h yd wka whf.a
cSú;j,g wdorh lsÍSug iy ksr;=reju Ôú;j,g jákd lula ,nd §ug l=vd l< isg u
isiqka mqreÿ mqyqKq l< hq;= h' úfYaIfhka u mqrjeis wOHdmkh" wd.u" Ôjk ksmqK;d
hk úIh u.ska Wla; ixl,amh ,nd Èh yels h'
 mdi,a uÜgñka isiqkaf.a mjq,a mßirh we;=¿ cSj o;a; we;=<;a f;dr;=re moaO;shla
kv;a;= l< hq;= h'
 <ud ñ;=re mßirhla mdif,a ks¾udKh lsrSfuka isiqkaf.a udkisl ixhuh j¾Okh l<
hq;= h'
 ;dCIKh hym;a f,i mßyrKh yd tajdfha wksis Ndú;fha wd§kj ms<sn`o isiqka ±kqj;a
l< hq;= h' tys § ksjerÈ f,i wka;¾cd,h iy iudccd, mßyrKh ms<sn`o l=i,;d
isiqkag ,nd Èh hq;= h'

18
foudmshka we;=¿ iudcuh j.lSu
 foudmshka ;u orejka ms<sn`o ksrka;r wjOdkfhka miq úh hq;=h' tys § yels iEu
wjia:djl u foudmshka orejkag iómj wjYH;d bgq lr §u iy wjYH iydh ,nd oSu
jeo.;a nj f;areï .; hq;=h'
 foudmshka" úÿy,am;s yd .=rejre we;=¿ mdi, iu`. ióm iïnkaO;d mj;ajd .; hq;= h'
ks;r .=rejreka yuq ù orejkaf.a m%.;sh" ÿn,;d yd .eg¨ ms<sn`o ±k .ekSu iy tajd
u.yrjd .ekSug Wmfoia ,nd.; hq;= h'
 foudmsfhda orejka ms<sn`o lreKqj, § nek je§u" myr §u yd fodia mejÍu u.ska
whym;a Ñ;a;fõ.S ;;a;ajhka we;sjk nj wOHhkj,ska ;yjqre lr we;s lreKls'
fujeks wjia:d Wodùfuka ldhsl udkisl wl%ñ;d fuka u ìysiqKq ;;a;ajj,g ^ish Èú
kid .ekSï& orefjda f.dÿre úh yels nj foudmshka jgyd .; hq;= h'
 ish Èú kid .ekSug fhdod .kakd l%uj,ska ^Wod:- lDñkdYl" j,akdYl" fnfy;a j¾."
ia:dk& ;u orejka ksrka;rfhka wE;a lsÍug foudmsfhda j.n,d .; hq;= h'
 orejkaf.a$isiqkaf.a iu jhia lKavdhï" ixl%dka;s lKavdhï ms<sn`o ie,ls,af,ka
miq úh hq;= h'
 mQ¾j wk;=re ix{d y`ÿkd .ksñka ksrka;rfhka jyd ls%hd;aul úh hq;= h'
 ish Èú kid .ekSug ;e;a lrkakka ms<sn`o fydavqjdjla we;s úg wod< md¾Yaj fj;
±kqï Èh hq;= h'

udOH j.lSu
 udOH u.ska j.lSulska hqla; j ish Èú kid .ekSï ms<sn`o ksjerÈ o;a; mokïj
wkjYH Wmqgd ±laùïj,ska f;dr j jd¾;d l< hq;= h' ks;r ks;r tajd úldYh
lsÍu$jd¾;d lsÍfïka je<lsh hq;= h'
 ish Èú kid .ekSï ms<sn`o iudcfha mj;sk ÿ¾u; myj hk f,i jevigyka
iïmdokh l< hq;= h' ish Èú kid .ekSï ùr ls%hdjla fkdj ìh.=¿ l%shdjla jk
w;r .eg¨j,ska mekhdu ksjeros úiÿu fkdjk nj f.k yer ±laúh hq;= h'
 WmfoaYk úfYaI{hska$ufkda úoHd{hskaf.a odhl;ajfhka Ôú; .eg¨" wNsfhda."
udkisl ixj¾Okh" fm!reI ixj¾Okh" Ôú; jákdlu" Ôú; j.lSu yd j.ùu"
cSú;fha yr moaO;Ska" Wiia wOHd;añl ;;a;aj lrd t<Uqu iy ufkda m%;sldr úê
ms<sn`o ksrka;r ixjdohg wjia:d iïmdokh l< hq;= h' tajd udOH u.ska
ksrka;rfhka úldYh$m%pdrh l< hq;= h'
 rEmjdyskS fg,s jD;a;dka;" .S; isiqkaf.a udkisl fi!LH iq/flk mßÈ ks¾udKh
lr m%pdrh l< hq;= h' tys ÈS ukig RKd;aul Wmia:ïNk iïfm%aYkh lrk ñkS
uereï" u;a øjH" Èú kid .ekSï iy tajd i`oyd Ndú; jk l%u ms<sn`o j o¾Ykj,ska
f;dr j Okd;aul Wmia:ïNk iys; f;audj,ska hq;a ks¾udK bÈßm;a lsÍu jeo.;a
h'

19
rdcH j.lSu
 Ys% ,xldfõ ish¨ u mdi,aj, ish¨ u isiqka i`oyd WmfoaYkh ls%hd;aul l< hq;= h'
mjqf,a wys;lr n,mEu ksid mSvdjg m;a udkisl wjYH;d iy fjk;a .eg¨ mj;sk
isiqkag WmfoaYk fiajdj ,nd§u i`oyd ieu mdi,lg u .=rejreka m;al< hq;= h' ±kg
mj;sk pl% f,aLh wkqj isiqka 300l g wvq mdi,aj,g tu .=rejreka m;a lsÍug
fkdyels w;r tu ndOdj bj;a l< hq;= h' úfYaIfhka u wOHdmk wud;HdxYh u.ska
rfÜ mj;sk wjYH;d iy úfYaIfhka u ish Èú kid .ekSï ms<sn`o j i,ld n,d
mdi,aj, isák YsIH ixLHdj ms<sn`o j fkdi,ld YS% ,xldfõ ish¨ u mdi,aj,g
WmfoaYk .=rejreka fyda WmfoaYljreka ^Councellors) m;a l< hq;= h' iqÿiqlï ,;a
.=rejreka fkdue;s úg" úêu;a WmfoaYk mqyqKqj i`oyd .=rejreka fhduq l< hq;= h'
 ish¨ u mdi,aj, YsIH WmfoaYkh ls%hd;aul lsÍu i`oyd ksis m%ñ;ss wkqj WmfoaYk
tall msysgq ùu l< hq;= h' ish¨ u WmfoaYk .=rejrekag wOHdmk wud;HdxYfha
wkq.%yfhka ;j ÿrg;a úêu;a mqyqKq wjia:d ,ndosh hq;= h' úúO .eg¨j,ska mSvd úÈk
isiqkag mdif,a úêu;a f,i WmfoaYkh ls%hd;aul fõ kï th Tjqkaf.a udkisl
ixj¾Okh i`oyd uy;a msgqjy,la jkq we;'
 ish Èú kid .ekSug ú/lshdj yd mjqf,a wd¾Ól .eg¨ n,mdk neúka wd¾:sl ÿIalr;d
mj;sk .ïno fuka u kd.ßl È<s`ÿ ck fldgiaj, wd¾Ólh kexùu i`oyd l%ufõo
ilia lr tajd ls%hd;aul l< hq;= h' ta i`oyd Tjqkag /lshd ,nd §fï úêu;a l%ufõo
ilia l< hq;= h' ú/lshdjg úiÿï ,nd §u yd wd¾Ólh iún, .ekaùu ish Èú wju
lsÍug m%n, ms<s;=re fõ' wvq wdodhï,dNS È<s`ÿ mjq,aj, isiqkag fmdaIK wdydr fõ,la
,nd §ug iy bf.kqï wdOdr ,nd Èug l%ufõo ilia l< hq;= h'
 wOHdmkfha nr" úNd. mSvkh wvq l< hq;= h' tys § ±kg mj;sk my fYa%Ksh YsIH;aj
úNd.h" w'fmd'i' ^id' fm<&" w'fmd'i' ^W' fm<& úNd. iy tajdfha wka;¾.;h .eUqßka
m¾fhaIKhg ,la lr úNd. l%uh kùlrKh jeo.;a fõ'
 úIhud,dfõ fi!kao¾h iy wd.u ld,Éfþo ixLHdj jeä lsÍu iy fi!kao¾h m<uq
jk fYA%Ksfha isg 11 jk fYa%Ksh olajd wksjd¾h lsÍu jeo.;a h' th Ôú;fha jákdlu
jgyd .ekSug fuka u udkisl iduh we;slr .ekSug;a" Ôú;h ms<sn`o ksfIaOkd;aul
ye`.Sï we;s wh wju lsrSug;a fya;= úh yels h'
 ñkS uereï" ish Èú kid .ekSï ms<sn`o udOH u.ska ks;r ks;r wjOdrKh lrñka
flfrk m%ldYk yd jd¾;dlrKhg iSud mekúh hq;= h' fuu m%ldYk" jd¾;d mßK;
mqoa., uKav,hla u.ska md,khlska hqla; j m%ldY lsÍug kS;s Í;s mekúh hq;= h' ñkS
uereï ish Èú kid .ekSï iy ta wdYs%; o¾Yk ks;r ks;r úldYkh lsÍug yd
ksrka;rfhka ±lSu ksid tajd idudkHlrKh ù we;' fuh rglg b;d wys;lr
;;a;ajhla jk w;r fïjd m%pdrfha § jdrKhlska hqla; j m%pdrh lsÍu jeo.;a fõ'
fuys § rEmjdysks fg,s kdgHj, wka;¾.;h úu¾Ykg ,la lr ñkS uereï" Èú kid
.ekSï jeks ñksia ukig whym;a Ñ;a;fõ.sl n,mEï we;s lrk RKd;aul
Wmia:ïNk ,efnk o¾Yk jdrKhg ,la l< hq;= h'
 jhi wjqreÿ 13ka by, isiqkag ,sx.sl wOHdmkh ,nd §u o wjYH;djh ls' YS% ,xldfõ
jhi wjqreÿ 17-20 ldKavfha YsIH Èú kid .ekSïj,g n,md we;s uQ,sl fya;=j jQfha

20
 fm%au iïnkaO;d ì`ojeàu h' fma%u iïnkaO;dj, § ksis jegySula yd wjfndaOhla
fkdue;slu ksid fndfyda isiqka w;rux j wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajj,g f.dÿre ùug tla
fya;=jla kï ,sx.sl wOHdmkh ms<sn`o we;s wvq oekqu h' fï ksid Tjqka fkd±kqj;a u
Èú kid .ekSï i|yd fm,fUk nj ksrka;rfhka jd¾;d fõ' óg úiÿï f,i isiqkag
,sx.sl wOHdmkh ,nd §u l< hq;= h'

mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid .ekSï wju lsrSug fya;= jk Wla;
fhdackd i;=gqodhl wkaoñka l%shd;aul lrñka mdi,a hk jhfia miqjkakkaf.a ish Èú kid
.ekSfï wkqmd;h my; fy<Sug lghq;= lsÍu wod< md¾Yajhkaf.a hq;=lu yd j.lSu h'

21
 wdY%s; .%ka: kdudj,sh
wfímd," wd¾' yd wfímd," ta' ^2016&' wOHdmk ud¾f.damfoaYh yd WmfoaYkh' w;=re.sßh:
idr m%ldYk
.=Kfialr" tia'^1997&' <ud whs;sjdislï ms<sn`o kS;sh' foysj,: mS wekaâ ta ms%kag¾ia
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'^2006&' ish Èú kid .ekSu( fya;= iy ms<shï' uyr.u: m¾fhaIK
iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'
fmf¾rd" tia'^2004&' iudc m%Yak' fld<U: tia wekaâ tia ms%kag¾ia
m%kdkaÿ" tka' yd ch;=x." tï' wd¾' ^2004&' úIdoh iy ufkda m%;sldrh' fld<U: iuhj¾Ok
m%ldYk
Daily news. (2017). Recent literature on Sri Lanka. Retrived from https//www.statista.com.

22
 1 jk weuqKqu : ish osú kid .ekSug n,mE fya;= - iuia; o;a;
wjqreÿ 8 -20 jhia ldKavh
ks¾Kdhl 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 tl;=j

mq ia mq ia mq ia mq ia mq ia mq ia mq ia mq ia mq ia mq ia mq ia
wd¾Ólh iïnkaO .eg¨ 8 4 5 6 6 7 5 1 8 5 2 3 7 6 5 2 3 5 4 2 53 39
^È<s`ÿlu, Kh&
/lshd iïnkaO .eg¨ 6 4 4 2 5 2 8 1 12 1 2 2 3 5 4 2 1 0 4 0 49 19

jeäysáhka iu`. we;sjk .eg¨ 37 42 38 49 36 36 37 46 31 28 38 38 20 25 20 25 24 20 28 25 309 334

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