Ella Fitzgerald

(Part II)

In mid 1936, Ella made her first recording. "Love and Kisses" was released under the Decca label, with
moderate success. Shortly afterward, Ella began singing a rendition of the song, "(If You Can't Sing It) You
Have to Swing It." During this time, the era of big swing bands was shifting, and the focus was turning
more toward bebop. "You Have to Swing It" was one of the first times she began experimenting with scat
singing, and her improvisation and vocalization thrilled fans. Throughout her career, Ella would master scat
singing, turning it into a form of art. On June 16, 1939, Ella mourned the loss of her mentor Chick Webb.
In his absence the band was renamed "Ella Fitzgerald and Her Famous Band," and she took on the
overwhelming task of bandleader.
While on tour with Dizzy Gillespie's band in 1946, Ella fell in love with bassist Ray Brown. The two were
married and eventually adopted a son, whom they named Ray, Jr.
At the time, Ray was working for producer and manager Norman Granz on the "Jazz at the Philharmonic"
tour. Norman saw that Ella had what it took to be an international star, and he convinced Ella to sign with
him. It was the beginning of a lifelong business relationship and friendship.
Under Norman's management, Ella joined the Philharmonic tour, worked with Louis Armstrong on several
albums and began producing her infamous songbook series. From 1956-1964, she recorded covers of other
musicians' albums, including those by Cole Porter, Duke Ellington, the Gershwins, Johnny Mercer, Irving
Berlin, and Rodgers and Hart. The series was wildly popular, both with Ella's fans and the artists she
covered.
Ella also began appearing on television variety shows. She quickly became a favorite and frequent guest
on numerous programs, including "The Bing Crosby Show," "The Frank Sinatra Show," "The Tonight
Show," "The Nat King Cole Show," "The Andy Willams Show" and "The Dean Martin Show." Due to a
busy touring schedule, Ella and Ray were often away from home. Unfortunately, busy work schedules also
hurt Ray and Ella's marriage. The two divorced in 1952, but remained good friends for the rest of their
lives.
Ella continued to work as hard as she had early on in her career, despite the ill effects on her health. She
toured all over the world, sometimes performing two shows a day in cities hundreds of miles apart. In 1974,
Ella spent a legendary two weeks performing in New York with Frank Sinatra and Count Basie.
By the 1990s, Ella had recorded over 200 albums. In 1993, after a career of nearly 60 years, she gave her
last public performance. Three years later, she died at the age of 79 after years of declining health.
 Элла Фитцджеральд
(часть II)

В середине 1936 года Элла сделала свою первую запись. "Love and Kisses" был выпущен под
лейблом Decca с умеренным успехом. Вскоре после этого Элла начала петь исполнение песни:
"(Если вы не можете ее спеть) вы должны качать ее."В это время эпоха больших свинг-групп
смещалась, и фокус все больше смещался в сторону бибопа. "You Have to Swing It" была одним из
первых случаев, когда она начала экспериментировать с пением scat, и ее импровизация и
вокализация взволновали поклонников. На протяжении всей своей карьеры Элла осваивала пение
скэта, превращая его в форму искусства. 16 июня 1939 года Элла оплакивала потерю своего
наставника Чика Уэбба. В его отсутствие группа была переименована в "Элла Фитцджеральд и ее
знаменитая группа", и она взяла на себя непосильную задачу руководителя группы.
Во время гастролей с группой Диззи Гиллеспи в 1946 году Элла влюбилась в басиста Рэя Брауна.
Они поженились и в конце концов усыновили сына, которого назвали Рэй-младший.
В то время Рэй работал у продюсера и менеджера Нормана Гранца на гастролях "Джаз в
филармонии". Норман увидел, что у Эллы есть все необходимое, чтобы стать международной
звездой, и убедил ее подписать контракт с ним. Это было началом пожизненных деловых
отношений и дружбы.
Под руководством Нормана Элла присоединилась к филармоническому туру, работала с Луисом
Армстронгом над несколькими альбомами и начала выпускать свою печально известную серию
песенников. В 1956-1964 годах она записала каверы на альбомы других музыкантов, в том числе
Коула Портера, Дюка Эллингтона, the Gershwins, Джонни Мерсера, Ирвинга Берлина, а также
Роджерса и Харта. Сериал был невероятно популярен, как среди поклонников Эллы, так и среди
артистов, которых она освещала.
Элла также начала появляться в телевизионных варьете. Она быстро стала любимым и частым
гостем на многочисленных программах, включая "шоу Бинга Кросби"," шоу Фрэнка Синатры","
вечернее шоу"," Шоу Ната Кинга Коула"," шоу Энди Уилламса "и" шоу Дина Мартина".- Из-за
плотного гастрольного графика Элла и Рэй часто уезжали из дома. К сожалению, напряженный
рабочий график также вредил браку Рэя и Эллы. Они развелись в 1952 году, но остались хорошими
друзьями на всю оставшуюся жизнь.
Элла продолжала работать так же усердно, как и в начале своей карьеры, несмотря на плохое
влияние на ее здоровье. Она гастролировала по всему миру, иногда давая по два концерта в день в
городах за сотни миль друг от друга. В 1974 году Элла провела легендарные две недели, выступая
в Нью-Йорке с Фрэнком Синатрой и графом Бейси.
К 1990-м годам Элла записала более 200 альбомов. В 1993 году, после почти 60-летней карьеры,
она дала свое последнее публичное выступление. Три года спустя она умерла в возрасте 79 лет после
многолетнего ухудшения здоровья.
 [ˈɛlə] [fɪtsˈʤɛrəld]
([pɑːt] [aɪ-aɪ])

[ɪn] [mɪd] 1936, [ˈɛlə] [meɪd] [hɜː] [fɜːst] [rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ]. "[lʌv] [ænd] [ˈkɪsɪz]" [wɒz] [rɪˈliːst] [ˈʌndə] [ðə]
Дека [ˈleɪbl], [wɪð] [ˈmɒdərɪt] [səkˈsɛs]. [ˈʃɔːtli] [ˈɑːftəwəd], [ˈɛlə] [bɪˈgæn] [ˈsɪŋɪŋ] [ə] [rɛnˈdɪʃən] [ɒv]
[ðə] [sɒŋ], "([ɪf] [juː] [kɑːnt] [sɪŋ] [ɪt]) [juː] [hæv] [tuː] [swɪŋ] [ɪt]."[ˈdjʊərɪŋ] [ðɪs] [taɪm], [ði] [ˈɪərə] [ɒv]
[bɪg] [swɪŋ] [bændz] [wɒz] [ˈʃɪftɪŋ], [ænd] [ðə] [ˈfəʊkəs] [wɒz] [ˈtɜːnɪŋ] [mɔː] [təˈwɔːd] [ˈbiːbɒp]. "[juː]
[hæv] [tuː] [swɪŋ] [ɪt]" [wɒz] [wʌn] [ɒv] [ðə] [fɜːst] [taɪmz] [ʃiː] [bɪˈgæn] [ɪksˈpɛrɪmɛntɪŋ] [wɪð] [skæt]
[ˈsɪŋɪŋ], [ænd] [hɜːr] [ˌɪmprəvaɪˈzeɪʃən] [ænd] [ˌvəʊkəlaɪˈzeɪʃən] [θrɪld] [fænz]. [θru(ː)ˈaʊt] [hɜː] [kəˈrɪə],
[ˈɛlə] [wʊd] [ˈmɑːstə] [skæt] [ˈsɪŋɪŋ], [ˈtɜːnɪŋ] [ɪt] [ˈɪntuː] [ə] [fɔːm] [ɒv] [ɑːt]. [ɒn] [ʤuːn] 16, 1939, [ˈɛlə]
[mɔːnd] [ðə] [lɒs] [ɒv] [hɜː] [ˈmɛntɔː] [ʧɪk] [wɛb]. [ɪn] [hɪz] [ˈæbsəns] [ðə] [bænd] [wɒz] [ˌriːˈneɪmd] "[ˈɛlə]
[fɪtsˈʤɛrəld] [ænd] [hɜː] [ˈfeɪməs] [bænd]," [ænd] [ʃiː] [tʊk] [ɒn] [ði] [ˌəʊvəˈwɛlmɪŋ] [tɑːsk] [ɒv]
bandleader.
[waɪl] [ɒn] [tʊə] [wɪð] [ˈdɪzi] Gillespie's [bænd] [ɪn] 1946, [ˈɛlə] [fɛl] [ɪn] [lʌv] [wɪð] [ˈbeɪsɪst] [reɪ]
[braʊn]. [ ðə ] [ tuː ] [ wɜː] [æmærdd] [ænd] [ɪˈvɛnʧəli] [əˈdɒptɪd] [ə] [sʌn], [huːm] [ðeɪ] [neɪmd] [reɪ],
младший.
[æt] [ðə] [taɪm], [reɪ] [wɒz] [ˈwɜːkɪŋ] [fɔː] [prəˈdjuːsəР] [ænd] [ˈmænɪʤə] [ˈnɔːmən] Гранцы [ɒn] [ðiː]
"[ʤæz] [æt] [ðə] [ˌfɪlɑːˈmɒnɪk]" [tʊə]. [ˈnɔːmən] [sɔː] [ðæt] [ˈɛlə] [hæd] [wɒt] [ɪt] [tʊk] [tuː] [biː] [ən]
[ˌɪntə(ː)ˈnæʃənl] [stɑː], [ænd] [hiː] [kənˈvɪnst] [ˈɛlə] [tuː] [saɪn] [wɪð] [hɪm]. [ɪt] [wɒz] [ðə] [bɪˈgɪnɪŋ] [ɒv]
[ə] [ˈlaɪflɒŋ] [ˈbɪznɪs] [rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp] [ænd] [ˈfrɛndʃɪp].
[ˈʌndə] [ˈnɔːmənz] [ˈmænɪʤmənt], [ˈɛlə] [ʤɔɪnd] [ðə] [ˌfɪlɑːˈmɒnɪk] [tʊə], [wɜːkt] [wɪð] [ˈluːɪs]
[ˈɑːmˌstrɒŋ] [ɒn] [ˈsɛvrəl] [ˈælbəmz] [ænd] [bɪˈgæn] [prəˈdjuːsɪŋ] [hɜːР] [ˈɪnfəməs] песенник [ˈsɪəriːz].
[frɒm] 1956-1964, [ʃiː] [rɪˈkɔːdɪd] [ˈkʌvəz] [ɒv] [ˈʌðə] [СЖМ(ː)ˈzɪʃənz] [ˈælbəmz], [ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ] [ðəʊz]
[baɪ] [kəʊl] [ˈpɔːtə], [djuːk] Эллингтона, [ðə] Gershwins, [ˈʤɒni] [ˈmɜːsə], [ˈɜːvɪŋ] [bɜːˈlɪn], [ænd]
[ˈrɒʤəz] [ænd] [hɑːt]. [ðə] [ˈsɪəriːz] [wɒz] [ˈwaɪldli] [ˈpɒpjʊlə], [bəʊθ] [wɪð] [ˈɛləz] [fænz] [ænd] [ði]
[ˈɑːtɪsts] [ʃiː] [ˈkʌvəd].
[ˈɛlə] [ˈɔːlsəʊ] [bɪˈgæn] [əˈpɪərɪŋ] [ɒn] [ˈtɛlɪˌvɪʒən] [vəˈraɪəti] [ʃəʊz]. [ʃiː] [ˈkwɪkli] [bɪˈkeɪm] [ə] [ˈfeɪvərɪt]
[ænd] [ˈfriːkwənt] [gɛst] [ɒn] [ˈnjuːmərəs] [ˈprəʊgræmz], [ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ] "[ðə] [bɪŋ] Crosby [ʃəʊ]," "[ðə]
[fræŋk] [sɪˈnɑːtrə] [ʃəʊ]," "[ðə] [təˈnaɪt] [ʃəʊ]," "[ðə] Nat [kɪŋ] [kəʊl] [ʃəʊ]," "[ði] [ˈændi] Willams [ʃəʊ]"
[ænd] "[ðə] [diːn] [ˈmɑːtɪn] [ʃəʊ]." [djuː] [tuː] [ə] [ˈbɪzi] [ˈtʊərɪŋ] [ˈʃɛdjuːl], [ˈɛlə] [ænd] [reɪ] [wɜːr] [ˈɒf(ə)n]
[əˈweɪ] [frɒm] [həʊm]. [ʌnˈfɔːʧnɪtli], [ˈbɪzi] [wɜːk] [ˈʃɛdjuːlz] [ˈɔːlsəʊ] [hɜːt] [reɪ] [ænd] [ˈɛləz] [ˈmærɪʤ].
[ðə] [tuː] [dɪˈvɔːst] [ɪn] 1952, [bʌt] [rɪˈmeɪnd] [gʊd] [frɛndz] [fɔː] [ðə] [rɛst] [ɒv] [ðeə] [lɪvz].
[ˈɛlə] [kənˈtɪnju(ː)d] [tuː] [wɜːk] [æz] [hɑːd] [æz] [ʃiː] [hæd] [ˈɜːli] [ɒn] [ɪn] [hɜː] [kəˈrɪə], [dɪsˈpaɪt] [ði]
[ɪl] [ɪˈfɛkts[xn ] [ hɜː] [hlθ ] . [ʃiː] [tʊəd] [ɔːl] [ˈəʊvə] [ðə] [wɜːld], [ˈsʌmtaɪmz] [pəˈfɔːmɪŋ] [tuː] [ʃəʊz] [ə]
[deɪ] [ɪn] [ˈsɪtiz] [ˈhʌndrədz] [ɒv] [maɪlz] [əˈpɑːt]. [ɪn] 1974, [ˈɛlə] [spɛnt] [ə] [ˈlɛʤəndəri] [tuː] [wiːks]
[pəˈfɔːmɪŋ] [ɪn] [njuː] [jɔːk] [wɪð] [fræŋk] [sɪˈnɑːtrə] [ænd] [kaʊnt] Basie.
[baɪ] [ðiː] 1990[ɛs], [ˈɛlə] [hæd] [rɪˈkɔːdɪd] [ˈəʊvə] 200 [ˈælbəmz]. [ɪn] 1993, [ˈɑːftər] [ə] [kəˈrɪər] [ɒv]
[ˈnɪəli] 60 [jɪəz], [ʃiː] [geɪv] [hɜː] [lɑːst] [ˈpʌblɪk] [pəˈfɔːməns]. [θriː] [jɪəz] [ˈleɪtə], [ʃiː] [daɪd] [æt] [ði]
[eɪʤ] [ɒv] 79 [ˈɑːftə] [jɪəz] [ɒv] [dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ] [hɛlθ].