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E031-01-1702/21
SURVEY 1 CAT 2
A i) Bench-mark (BM)- It’s a reference point whose elevations are assumed for all leveling
operations used for the basis of measuring topographical points.
(ii) Reduced level- It’s the vertical distance between a survey point (point of interest) and the
adopted level datum.
1. (i)
ARITHMETIC CHECK
∑BS- ∑FS =∑R-∑F= Last reduced level – first reduced level = -0.23
(ii)
Gradient= (First reduced level- last reduced level)/Distance
= (1143.68 -1143.45)/ 516.65
=0.0004452