PROJECT : A PROPOSED THREE-STOREY RESIDENCE

LOCATION : CAPT. C. NAZARENO ST. BRGY. POBLACION, NAIC, CAVITE

OWNER : MR. MAXIMINO P. NAZARENO
SUBJECT : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

DESIGN BASIS:
ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN (USD)
2011 ACI BUILDING CODE
2010 NSCP (6TH EDITION)

ALLOWABLE STRESSES:
f'c = 21 Mpa
fy = 276 Mpa
γc = 24 kN/ m3
β1 = 0.85
SBC = 180 kPa
Ø = 0.85 for shear and torsion
Ø = 0.90 for bending and reinforced concrete
Ø = 0.70 for tied columns

ALLOWABLE LOADS:

References: National Structural Code of the Philippines

2010 Edition (6th Edition)

ACI 318 - 11
Building Code Requirements for
Structural Concrete with Design

Structural Analysis and Design by:

Civil Engineer
PRC No.
PTR No.
Date Issued:
Place Issued:
Project Title: A PROPOSED THREE-STOREY RESIDENCE Civil Engineer
Project Location: CAPT. C. NAZARENO ST. BRGY. POBLACION, NAIC, CAVITE
Owner / Clients: MR. MAXIMINO P. NAZARENO By: Chk By: Rev.:
Subject: Seismic Analysis

SEISMIC LOAD CALCULATIONS (1997 Uniform Building Code, Section 1630.2.1)

1.0 Earthquake Dessign Parameters:

Occupancy category; = Standard occupancy structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - K

Seismic importance factor; I = 1.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - K
Seismic importance factor; Ip = 1.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - K
Seismic zone map; = 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Figure 16 - 2
Seismic zone factor; z = 0.40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Table 16 - I
Soil profile type; = SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - J
Seismic coefficient; Ca = 0.40 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - Q
Seismic coefficient; Cv = 0.56 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - Q
Seismic source type; = B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - S
Closest distance to known seismic; = ≥ 10 km 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - S
Near source factor; Na = 1.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - S
Closest distance to known seismic; = 10 km 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - S
Near source factor; Nv = 1.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - S
Basic structural system; = 3.0 Moment-resisting frame system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - N
Lateral force resisting system description; = 3.2 SMRF - Concrete . . . . . . . Table 16 - N
Numerical coefficient representative; R = 8.50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - N
Seismic force amplification factor; Ω = 2.80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - N
Height limit for seismic zone 3 & 4; Hn = N.L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 16 - N
Building height; Ht = 9.95
For reinforce concrete moment-resisting Ctframes
= and 0.0731
eccentrically braced frames;
1.2 Base Shear Calculation and Design Response Spectra:
Eq. - - - - - - - - - (30 - 8) T = Ct Hn ¾ = 0.4095 1630.2.2 Structure period
Control periods; Ts = Cv / 2.5 Ca 0.5600 Fig 16 - 3 Design Response Spectra
Control periods; To = 0.20 T = 0.1120 Fig 16 - 3 Design Response Spectra
Eq. - - - - - - - - - (30 - 4) V = [ Cv I / R T] W = 0.0270 W 1630.2 Static Force Procedure
Eq. - - - - - - - - - (30 - 5) V = [ 2.5 Ca I / R ] W = 0.1176 W 1630.2 Static Force Procedure
Eq. - - - - - - - - - (30 - 6) V = [ 0.11 Ca I ] W = 0.0616 W 1630.2 Static Force Procedure
Eq. - - - - - - - - - (30 - 7) V = [ 0.8 Z Nv I / R ] W = 0.0376 W 1630.2 Static Force Procedure
1.05 0.000 0.400
1.00 0.112 1.000
0.95 0.560 1.000
0.90 0.800 0.700
0.85 1.000 0.560
0.80 1.200 0.467
0.75 1.400 0.400
SPECTRAL ACCELERATION (g,s)

0.70 1.600 0.350

0.65 1.800 0.311
0.60 2.000 0.280
0.55 2.500 0.224
0.50 3.000 0.187
0.45 3.500 0.160
0.40 4.000 0.140
0.35 4.500 0.124
0.30 5.000 0.112
0.25 5.500 0.102
0.20 6.000 0.093
0.15 6.500 0.086
0.10 7.000 0.080
0.05 7.500 0.075
0.00 8.000 0.070
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 8.500 0.066
PERIOD (SECONDS) 9.000 0.062
9.500 0.059
FIGURE 16 - 3 (DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRA)
10.000 0.056

Page 1 of 2
Project Title: A PROPOSED THREE-STOREY RESIDENCE Civil Engineer
Project Location: CAPT. C. NAZARENO ST. BRGY. POBLACION, NAIC, CAVITE
Owner / Clients: MR. MAXIMINO P. NAZARENO By: Chk By: Rev.:
Subject: Seismic Analysis

Total weight of the building; W = 2802.00 kn The concentrated force at the top; = 57.53 kn
Total base shear; V = 172.60 kn

Floor Weight Per Height Per Level Floor Height Weight x Wt x ht Shear Per
Fh / Floor
Level Level (Wt - kn) (hl - m) (ht in m) Height (Wt x / Ʃwi x hi Level (V - kn)
3 596 3.25 9.95 5930.20 0.359 172.60 32.97
2 894 2.9 7.05 6302.70 0.382 172.60 33.83
1 1312 3.8 3.25 4264.00 0.258 172.60 29.09
0.00 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00
Sum 2802.00 9.95 16496.90 153.43

Page 2 of 2
DESIGN OF CRITICAL SLAB (S-1)

a = 4 m a
m = = 1.00
b = 4 m b
bar size number = 12 mm Ø
therefore: Two-Way Slab

Minimum thickness:

2 ( 4 + 4 )
h = x 1000
180

h = 88.89 mm < 90 mm
h = 125 mm

Effective Depth

For Short Direction For Long Direction

d1 = 125 - 20 - 6 d2 = 125 - 20 - 12 - 6
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

Dead Loads (DL)

Slab Self Weight = 24 x 0.125 = 3.00 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.00 kPa
Ceiling Finish = 0.10 kPa
Mechanical and Electrical = 0.10 kPa
Miscellaneous = 1.00 kPa
5.20 kPa

Live Loads (LL) = 1.92 kPa

Factored Load:
wuDL = ( 1.2 )( 5.2 ) = 6.24 Kpa
wuLL = ( 1.6 )( 1.92 ) = 3.072 Kpa
wu = 6.24 + 3.072 = 9.31 Kpa

SOLVING FOR MOMENTS : Case 4

A. Short Direction,Middle strip

@ continuous edge
2
MA = ( 0.05 )( 9.31 )( 4 )
= 7.45 kN-m
@ midspan
2
MADL = ( 0.027 )( 6.24 )( 4 )
= 2.70 kN-m
MALL = ( 0.032 )( 3.072 )( 4 )2
= 1.57 kN-m
 MA = 4.27 kN-m

@ discontinuous edge
1
MA = ( 4.27 ) = 1.42 kN-m
3

B. Long Direction, Middle strip

@continuous edge
MB = ( 0.05 )( 9.31 )( 4 )2
= 7.45 kN-m
@ midspan
2
MBDL = ( 0.027 )( 6.24 )( 4 )
= 2.70 kN-m

MBLL = ( 0.032 )( 3.072 )( 4 )2

= 1.57 kN-m

MB = 4.27 kN-m

@ discontinuous edge
1
MA = ( 4.27 ) = 1.42 kN-m
3

STRENGTH DESIGN:

A. Short Direction, Middle Strip

@continuous edge

MA
Rn = = 0.84 Mpa
Øbd12

0.85 f'c 2𝑅𝑛 1.4

ρ = (1 − 1 − ) ρmin = = 0.00507
fy 0.85𝑓′ 𝑐 fy

ρ = 0.00314

ρ max = 0.75 ρ bal 0.85 f'c β1 (600)

ρ bal =
fy (600 + fy)

0.85 ( 21 )( 0.85 )( 600 )

ρ bal =
276 ( 600 + 276 )

ρ bal = 0.03765
ρ max = 0.75 ρ bal = 0.75 ( 0.03765 )
ρ max = 0.02824
 since ρmin > ρ < ρ max NOT OK
use ρ = 0.00507

As = ρbd1 = 0.00507 ( 1000 )( 99 ) = 502.17 mm

2

Using 12 mm Ø bars
Ab 113.0976
s = = x 1000 = 225.22 ; say 220 mm
As 502.17

smax = 2h = 2 ( 125 ) = 250.00 mm s < smax

therefore use s = 220 mm

@midspan
MA
Rn = 2 = 0.48 Mpa
Øbd1

0.85 f'c 2𝑅𝑛 1.4

ρ = (1 − 1 − ) ρmin = = 0.00507
fy 0.85𝑓′ 𝑐 fy

ρ = 0.00178

ρ max = 0.02824

since ρmin > ρ < ρ max

use ρ = 0.00507

As = ρbd1 = 0.00507 ( 1000 )( 99 ) = 502.17 mm2

Using 12 mm Ø bars

Ab 113.0976
s = = x 1000 = 225.22 ; say 220.00 mm
As 502.17

smax = 2h = 2 ( 125 ) = 250.00 mm s < smax

therefore use s = 220 mm

@discontinuous edge

1
As = (As @ midspan)
3
1
= ( 502.17 ) = 167.391 mm2
3
 s = 3 ( 220 ) = 660 mm s > smax

therefore use s = 220 mm

B. Long Direction, Middle Strip

@continuous edge

MB
Rn = = 1.09 Mpa
Øbd22

0.85 f'c (1 − 1 − 2𝑅𝑛 ) 1.4

ρ = 0.85𝑓′ 𝑐 ρmin = = 0.00507
fy fy

ρ = 0.00409

ρ max = 0.02824

since ρmin > ρ < ρ max

use ρ = 0.00507

As = ρbd2 = 0.00507 ( 1000 )( 87 ) = 441.30 mm2

Using 12 mm Ø bars

Ab 113.10
s = = x 1000 = 256.28 ; say 250.00 mm
As 441.30

smax = 2h = 2 ( 125 ) = 250.00 mm s > smax

therefore use s = 250 mm

@midspan

MB
Rn = = 0.63 Mpa
Øbd22

0.85 f'c (1 − 1 − 2𝑅𝑛 ) 1.4

ρ = 0.85𝑓′ 𝑐 ρmin = = 0.00507
fy fy

ρ = 0.00231

ρ max = 0.02824
 since ρmin > ρ < ρ max
use ρ = 0.00507

As = ρbd2 = 0.00507 ( 1000 )( 87 ) = 441.30 mm2

Using 12 mm Ø bars

Ab 113.10
s = = x 1000 = 256.28 ; say 250.00 mm
As 441.30

smax = 2h = 2 ( 125 ) = 250.00 mm s > smax

therefore use s = 250 mm

@discontinuous edge

1
As = (As @ midspan)
3
1
= ( 441.30 ) = 147.101 mm2
3

s = 3 ( 250 ) = 750 mm s > smax

therefore use s = 250 mm

Moment Calculations for Column Strips:

The average moment in the column strips is 2/3 of the corresponding moment
in the middle strips so that spacing of steel reinforcement is 3/2 times that in
the middle strip.

Resulting Table
h Middle Strip Column Strip
S-1
125 mm As s As s
Short c.e. 502.17 220 334.78 250
Direction m.s. 502.17 220 334.78 250
(A) d.e. 167.39 220 111.59 250
Long c.e. 441.30 250 294.20 250
Direction m.s. 441.30 250 294.20 250
(B) d.e. 147.10 250 98.07 250

ADOPT: S-1: 12 mm dia top and bottom bars spaced at 200 mm.o.c. bothways on a
125 mm thick slab
Design of SLAB Tie Beam (STB)

L = 4.00 m
Mu = 18 kN-m

200 mm
2 - 16 mm dia top bars

10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50

mm, 3 @ 100 mm 5 @ 150 mm, & rest
300 mm @ 200 mm.o.c

2 - 16 mm dia bottom bars

At Support

200 mm 2 - 16 mm dia top bars

10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50

mm, 3 @ 100 mm 5 @ 150 mm, & rest
@ 200 mm.o.c
300 mm

2 - 16 mm dia bottom bars

At Midspan

Check if the section is singly or doubly reinforced:

1 . Compute for the actual nominal moment of the beam, Mn :

MU 18
Mn = =
Ø 0.90

Mn = 20.00 kN-m

2 . Determine the balanced steel ratio, ρbal :

0.85 f'c β1 (600)

ρ bal =
fy (600 + fy)

( 0.85 )( 21 )( 0.85 )( 600 )

=
600 ( 600 + 276 )
 ρ bal = 0.01732

3 . Compute for the maximum steel ratio, ρmax

ρ max = 0.75 ρ bal

= 0.01299

4 . Find the maximum nominal moment

As max = ρ max b d
= 0.01299 ( 200 )( 242 )
= 628.72 mm2

Asfy
a =
0.85f'cb

a = 48.61 mm

Mn max = Asmaxfy ( d - a/2)

= 37.78 kN-m

Mn Mn max
20.00 kN-m < 37.78 kN-m

therefore: singly reinforced

5 . For singly reinforced beam:

Mu
Rn = = 1.71 Mpa
Øbd2

0.85 f'c 2𝑅𝑛

ρ = (1 − 1 − )
fy 0.85𝑓′ 𝑐

ρ = 0.00651

ρ min = 1.4/fy
= 0.00507

Since ρ > ρ min ; use ρ = 0.00651

As = ρ bd
= 315.32 mm2

Actual area = 402.125 mm2 > 315.32 OK!

ADOPT: STB 200 mm by 300 mm RC beam with 2-16 mm dia top bars and 2-16 mm dia bottom
bars @ support and 2-16 mm dia top bars and 2-16 mm dia bottom bars @ midspan
with 10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50mm, 3 @ 100mm, 5 @ 150mm and rest @ 200 mm
o.c.
Design of Floor Beam (B-1)

L = 8.00 m
Mu = 147.00 kN-m

250 mm
5- 20 mm dia top bars
0- 16 mm dia top bars

10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50 mm, 3 @ 100 mm 5

@ 150 mm & rest @ 200 mm.o.c
500 mm
2- 12 mm dia stiffener bars

3- 20 mm dia bottom bars

At Support

250 mm 3- 20 mm dia top bars

10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50 mm, 3 @ 100 mm 5

@ 150 mm & rest @ 200 mm.o.c

500 mm 2- 12 mm dia stiffener bars

5- 20 mm dia bottom bars

0- 16 mm dia bottom bars

At Midspan

Determine the dependable resisting moment strength of the beam:

1. Assume that all steel yields:

C = 0.85 f'c ab

T = As1 fy

a. Strain b. Concrete Steel Couple

2. Compute steel areas (from the data)

As' = 942.48 mm2 As2 = 942.48 mm2

As = 1,570.80 mm2
As1 = 628.32 mm2

3. From the concrete-steel couple, the depth of the compressive block is:

a = As1 fy / (0.85f'c b) = ( 628.32 )( 276 )/( 0.85 )( 21 )( 250 )

a = 38.86 mm

c = a/β1 = 38.86 / 0.85

c = 45.72 mm

4. Check the strains to determine if the assumptions were correct:

e's = (c - d')(0.003)/c = ( 58 - 45.72 )( 0.003 )/ 45.72

e's = 0.00081

es = (d - c)(0.003)/c = ( 440 - 45.72 )( 0.003 )/ 45.72

es = 0.02587

the steel strain is:

ey = fy / 200 Gpa = 276 / 200,000 = 0.00138

since es and e's are greater than ey, therefore the assumption is correct

5. Find the concrete-steel couple:

Mn1= As1 fy (d - a/2) = 628.32 ( 276 )( 440 - 19.43 )

Mn1= 72.93 kN-m

6. Find the steel-steel couple

Mn2= As' fy (d - d') = 942.48 ( 276 )( 440 - 58 )

Mn2= 99.37 kN-m

The total furnished moment:

Mn = Mn1 + Mn2 = 72.93 + 99.37
Mn = 172.30 kN-m

And the dependable resisting moment strength of the beam, Mr is:

Mr = Ø Mn = 0.9 ( 172.30 )
Mr = 155.07 kN-m

Therefore the dependable resisting moment is greater than the actual moment:

155.07 > 147 , OK!

 7. Check the steel ratio for compliance to ACI Code:

Actual ρ = As1 / bd = 628.32 / ( 250 ) ( 440 )

Actual ρ = 0.005712

ρ max = 0.75 ρ bal 0.85 f'c β1 (600)

ρ bal =
fy (600 + fy)
0.85 ( 21 )( 0.85 )( 600 )
ρ bal =
276 ( 600 + 276 )
ρ bal = 0.0376526

ρ max = 0.75 ρ bal = 0.75 ( 0.03765 )

ρ max = 0.0282395

ρ max > ρ ( actual) OK!

ADOPT: B-1: 250 mm by 500 RC beam with 5-20 mm dia top bars and 3-20 mm dia bottom bars @
support and 3-20 mm dia top bars and 5-20 mm dia bottom bars @ midspan and 2-12
mm dia stiffener bars with 10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50mm, 3 @ 100mm, 5@150mm
and rest @ 200 mm o.c.
Design of Beam (B-2)

L = 4.00 m
Mu = 62 kN-m

200 mm
4 - 16 mm dia top bars

10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50mm.

3 @ 100mm, 5 @150mm and rest at
400 mm 200 mm.o.c

2 - 16 mm dia bottom bars

At Support

200 mm 2 - 16 mm dia top bars

10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50mm.

3 @ 100mm, 5 @150mm and rest at
200 mm.o.c
400 mm

4 - 16 mm dia bottom bars

At Midspan

Check if the section is singly or doubly reinforced:

1 . Compute for the actual nominal moment of the beam, M n :

MU 62
Mn = =
Ø 0.90

Mn = 68.89 kN-m

2 . Determine the balanced steel ratio, ρbal :

0.85 f'c β1 (600)

ρ bal =
fy (600 + fy)

( 0.85 )( 21 )( 0.85 )( 600 )

=
600 ( 600 + 276 )
 ρ bal = 0.01732

3 . Compute for the maximum steel ratio, ρmax

ρ max = 0.75 ρ bal

= 0.01299

4 . Find the maximum nominal moment

As max = ρ max b d
= 0.01299 ( 200 )( 342 )
= 888.53 mm2

Asfy
a =
0.85f'cb

a = 68.69 mm

Mn max = Asmaxfy ( d - a/2)

= 75.45 kN-m

Mn Mn max
68.89 kN-m < 75.45 kN-m

therefore: singly reinforced

5 . For singly reinforced beam:

Mu
Rn = = 2.94 Mpa
Øbd2

0.85 f'c 2𝑅𝑛

ρ = (1 − 1 − )
fy 0.85𝑓′ 𝑐

ρ = 0.01173

ρ min = 1.4/fy
= 0.00507

Since ρ > ρ min ; use ρ = 0.01173

As = ρ bd
= 802.63 mm2

Actual area = 804.25 mm2 > 802.63 OK!

ADOPT: B-2: 200 mm by 400 mm RC beam with 4-16 mm dia top bars and 2-16 mm dia bottom
bars @ support and 2-16 mm dia top bars and 4-16 mm dia bottom bars @ midspan
with 10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50 mm, 3 @ 100 mm, 5 @ 150 mm and rest @ 200
mm. o.c.
Design of Beam (RB-1)

L = 4.00 m
Mu = 27 kN-m

200 mm
3 - 16 mm dia top bars

10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50mm.

3 @ 100mm, 5 @ 150mm and rest at
300 mm 200 mm.o.c

2 - 16 mm dia bottom bars

At Support

200 mm 2 - 16 mm dia top bars

10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50mm.

3 @ 100mm, 5 @ 150mm and rest at
200 mm.o.c
300 mm

3 - 16 mm dia bottom bars

At Midspan

Check if the section is singly or doubly reinforced:

1 . Compute for the actual nominal moment of the beam, M n :

MU 27
Mn = =
Ø 0.90

Mn = 30.00 kN-m

2 . Determine the balanced steel ratio, ρbal :

0.85 f'c β1 (600)

ρ bal =
fy (600 + fy)

( 0.85 )( 21 )( 0.85 )( 600 )

=
600 ( 600 + 276 )
 ρ bal = 0.01732

3 . Compute for the maximum steel ratio, ρmax

ρ max = 0.75 ρ bal

= 0.01299

4 . Find the maximum nominal moment

As max = ρ max b d
= 0.01299 ( 200 )( 242 )
= 628.72 mm2

Asfy
a =
0.85f'cb

a = 48.61 mm

Mn max = Asmaxfy ( d - a/2)

= 37.78 kN-m

Mn Mn max
30.00 kN-m < 37.78 kN-m

therefore: singly reinforced

5 . For singly reinforced beam:

Mu
Rn = = 2.56 Mpa
Øbd2

0.85 f'c 2𝑅𝑛

ρ = (1 − 1 − )
fy 0.85𝑓′ 𝑐

ρ = 0.01006

ρ min = 1.4/fy
= 0.00507

Since ρ > ρ min ; use ρ = 0.01006

As = ρ bd
= 487.05 mm2

Actual area = 603.187 mm2 > 487.05 OK!

ADOPT: RB1: 200 mm by 300 mm RC beam with 3-16 mm dia top bars and 2-16 mm dia bottom
bars @ support and 2-16 mm dia top bars and 3-16 mm dia bottom bars @ midspan
with 10 mm dia stirrups spaced 1 @ 50 mm, 3 @ 100 mm, 5 @ 150 mm and rest @ 200
mm. o.c.
Design of Column C-1

Total Transmitted Loads = 369.00 kN Mu = 207.00 kN-m

Pu = 373.00 kN
300 mm

8 - 16 mm dia vertical bars

300 mm
10mm dia lateral ties spaced 3 @ 50mm, 3 @ 100mm
and rest @ 200mm.o.c

fy = 276 Mpa
f'c = 21 Mpa
b = 300 mm
h = 300 mm
d = 242 mm

1 . Check the steel ratio for the longitudinal steel:

Ast = 1608.50 mm2

2
Ag = 90000 mm
ρg = Ast / Ag
ρg = 0.0178722

0.01 < 0.0178722 < 0.08 OK!

2 . Inspection of the cross section shows that it complies with the code on
the minimum number of bars, clear distances between bars and
concrete covering

3 . Calculate the maximum allowable strength:

Puall = 0.80 Ø [ 0.85 f'c ( Ag - Ast ) + fy Ast)] ; Ø = 0.70

Puall = 1132.17 kN

1132.17 > 373.00 OK!

4 . Check the moment capacity of the pedestal.

ρg fy
ω = = 0.2349
f'c
Mc = Ø fc' bd²ω(1-0.59ω)
Mc = 286.04 kN-m
Since 207 < 286.04
therefore OK!
 5 . Design of lateral ties
a.) Ø = 10 mm

b.) center to center spacing of ties (smallest of the ff):

- 16 db = 256 mm
- 48 dt = 480 mm
- least column dimension = 300 mm

therefore use s = 256 mm

ADOPT: C1 300 x 300 mm RC column with 8-16 mm dia std. vertical bars and 2-10 mm dia
lateral ties spaced 1@50mm, 3@100mm, 5@150mm and rest @ 200 mm.o.c
Design of Column C-2

Total Transmitted Loads = 66.00 kN Mu = 98.00 kN-m

Pu = 68.00 kN
200 mm

4 - 16 mm dia vertical bars

300 mm
10mm dia lateral ties spaced 1@50mm, 3@100mm,
5@150mm & rest @ 200mm.o.c

fy = 276 Mpa
f'c = 21 Mpa
b = 200 mm
h = 300 mm
d = 242 mm

1 . Check the steel ratio for the longitudinal steel:

Ast = 804.25 mm2

2
Ag = 60000 mm
ρg = Ast / Ag
ρg = 0.0134042

0.01 < 0.0134042 < 0.08 OK!

2 . Inspection of the cross section shows that it complies with the code on
the minimum number of bars, clear distances between bars and
concrete covering

3 . Calculate the maximum allowable strength:

Puall = 0.80 Ø [ 0.85 f'c ( Ag - Ast ) + fy Ast)] ; Ø = 0.70

Puall = 716.03 kN

716.03 > 68.00 OK!

4 . Check the moment capacity of the pedestal.

ρg fy
ω = = 0.1762
f'c
Mc = Ø fc' bd²ω(1-0.59ω)
Mc = 198.36 kN-m
Since 98 < 198.36
therefore OK!
 5 . Design of lateral ties
a.) Ø = 10 mm

b.) center to center spacing of ties (smallest of the ff):

- 16 db = 256 mm
- 48 dt = 480 mm
- least column dimension = 200 mm

therefore use s = 200 mm

ADOPT: C2 200 x 300 mm RC column with 4-16 mm dia std. vertical bars and 10 mm dia lateral
ties spaced 1 @ 50mm, 3@100mm, 5@150mm and rest @ 200 mm.o.c
Design of Footing F-1

Column Size: 300 x 300 mm

SBC = 180 kPa

1 . The Column Load:

P = 373.00 kN

Ptotal = 377.00 kN

2 . Assume thickness of footing

t = 0.30 m
Hs = 1.20 m

3 . Compute the required area of the footing

Ptotal 377.00
A req'd = = = 2.09 m
2
SBC 180

Try : 1.50 x 1.50

Afooting = 2.25 m2 OK!

4 . Compute for the net ultimate upward pressure, qu:

( Ptotal) 377.00
qu net = =
Afooting 2.25

qu net = 167.56 kPa

5 . Get the footing effective depth:

d = t - cc - db
= 300 - 75 - 16
d = 209 mm

6 . Check the shear strength:

a) Punching Shear Strength

a = 300 + 209 = 509 mm

b = 300 + 209 = 509 mm
Bo = 2( a +b) = 2036 mm
 Vu = qu ( L2 - ab)

Vu = 333.59 kN

ØVc = 0.85 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 B
o d
3

ØVc = 552.50 kN

Vu < ØVc OK!

b) One-way Shear
x = L/2 - c/2 - d
x = 391 mm

Vu = qu (x)(L)

Vu = 98.27 kN

ØVc = 0.85 𝑓 ′ 𝑐
L d
6
ØVc = 203.52 kN

Vu < ØVc OK!

8 . Compute the flexural reinforcement

L = 1.50 m
y = L/2 - c/2
y = 0.60 m

Mu = qu(L)(y)(y/2)

Mu = 45.24 kN-m

Mu
Rn = = 0.77
Øbd2

0.85 f'c 2𝑅𝑛

ρ = (1 − 1 − )
fy 0.85𝑓′ 𝑐

ρ = 0.00284
 1.4 since ρmin > ρ
ρmin = = 0.005072
fy use ρ = ρmin
ρ = 0.00507

2
Required Steel Area = ρ bd = 1590.22 mm

Try 8 - 16 mm dia bars

As = 1608.50 mm2 > 1590.22 mm2 OK!

Use 8 - 16 mm dia def. bars bothways

ADOPT: F1: 1500 mm x 1500 mm x 300mm RC square footing with 8 - 16 mm

dia rebars placed bothways. Provide 50 mm thick gravel bed
Design of Footing F-2

Column Size: 200 x 300 mm

SBC = 180 kPa

1 . The Column Load:

P = 68.00 kN

Ptotal = 71.00 kN

2 . Assume thickness of footing

t = 0.25 m
Hs = 1.00 m

3 . Compute the required area of the footing

Ptotal 71.00
A req'd = = = 0.39 m
2
SBC 180

Try : 0.80 x 0.80

Afooting = 0.64 m2 OK!

4 . Compute for the net ultimate upward pressure, qu:

( Ptotal) 71.00
qu net = =
Afooting 0.64

qu net = 110.94 kPa

5 . Get the footing effective depth:

d = t - cc - db
= 250 - 75 - 16
d = 159 mm

6 . Check the shear strength:

a) Punching Shear Strength

a = 200 + 159 = 359 mm

b = 300 + 159 = 459 mm
Bo = 2( a +b) = 1636 mm
 Vu = qu ( L2 - ab)

Vu = 52.72 kN

ØVc = 0.85 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 B
o d
3

ØVc = 337.74 kN

Vu < ØVc OK!

b) One-way Shear
x = L/2 - c/2 - d
x = 141 mm

Vu = qu (x)(L)

Vu = 12.51 kN

ØVc = 0.85 𝑓 ′ 𝑐
L d
6
ØVc = 82.58 kN

Vu < ØVc OK!

8 . Compute the flexural reinforcement

L = 0.80 m
y = L/2 - c/2
y = 0.30 m

Mu = qu(L)(y)(y/2)

Mu = 3.99 kN-m

Mu
Rn = = 0.22
Øbd2

0.85 f'c 2𝑅𝑛

ρ = (1 − 1 − )
fy 0.85𝑓′ 𝑐

ρ = 0.00080
 1.4 since ρmin > ρ
ρmin = = 0.005072
fy use ρ = ρmin
ρ = 0.00507

2
Required Steel Area = ρ bd = 645.22 mm

Try 4 - 16 mm dia bars

As = 804.25 mm2 > 645.22 mm2 OK!

Use 4 - 16 mm dia def. bars bothways

ADOPT: F2: 800mm x 800mm x 250mm RC square footing with 4 - 16 mm dia

rebars placed bothways. Provide 50 mm thick gravel bed