Architecture

Temples
 North India
Uttar Pradesh
• Dasawatar Temple (Deogarh)

• Bhitargaon Temple

• Kashi Vishwanath Temple (Varanasi) – Jyotirlinga

Madhya Pradesh
• Parvati Temple (Nachna Kuthara)
• Sanchi Temple (Sanchi)
• Siva Temple (Bhumra)
• Vishnu Temple (Tigawa)
• Laxman Temple (Khajuraho)
• Chaturbhuj Temple (Khajuraho)
• Kandariya Mahadev Temple (Khajuraho)
• Mahakaleshwar Temple (Ujjain) - Jyotirlinga
• Omkareshwar Temple (Omkareshwar) - Jyotirlinga
• Chausath Yogini Temple (Mitaoli, Morena)
Chhattisgarh
• Lakshman Temple (Sirpur)
Odisha
• Sun Temple (Konark)
• Lingaraja Temple (Bhubaneswar)
• Shri Jagannath Temple (Puri)
• Raja Rani Temple (Bhubaneswar)
• Mukteswar Temple (Bhubaneswar)
• Ananata Vasudev Temple (Bhubaneswar)
• Vaitala Deula (Bhubaneswar)
Rajasthan
• Sun Temple (Osian)
• Dilwara Temple (Mt. Abu)
• Ranakpur Jaina Temple (Ranakpur)
Gujarat
• Somnath Temple (Veraval) - Jyotirlinga
• Sun Temple (Modhera)
• Rudramal Temple (Siddhpur)
Jammu & Kashmir

• Sun Temple (Martand)

West Bengal

• Terracotta temples of Bishnupur

Assam

• Kamakhya Devi Temple (Guwahati)

Uttarakhand
• Badrinath Temple (Vishnu)
• Kedarnath Temple (Shiva) - Jyotirlinga
• Gangotri temple (Ganga)
• Yamunotri Temple (Yamuna)
Punjab
• Golden Temple (Amritsar)

New Delhi
• Swam Narayan Akshardham Temple
• Bahai Temple
Bihar
• Mahabodhi Temple (Bodhgaya)
• Jalmandir (Pawapuri)

Jharkhand
• Baidyanath Temple (Deoghar) - Jyotirlinga
 Far South
Tamil Nadu
• Kailashnath Temple (Kanchipuram)
• Vaikunthperumal Temple (Kanchipuram)
• Shore Temple (Mahabalipuram)
• Brihadeshwara Temple (Tanjore)
• Siva Temple (Gangaikondacholapuram)
• Airavateshwara Temple (Dharasuram)
• Siva Temple (Chidambaram)
• Ranganatha Swamy Temple (Srirangam)
• Siva-Meenakshi Temple (Madurai)
Kerala
• Sabrimala Sastha Temple (Sabrimala hill) – Lord Ayyappa
• Sree Padmanabha Swamy Temple (Thiruvanthapuram)
• Guruvayur Temple (Guruvayur)
• Vaikom Mahadeva Temple (Vaikom)
 Deccan

Maharashtra
• Trimbakeshwar Temple (Trimbak) - Jyotirlinga
• Ghrishneshwar Temple (Aurangabad District) - Jyotirlinga
• Vithoba Temple (Pandharpur)
Telangana
• Navbrahma Temples (Alampur)
• Thousand Pillar Temple (Hanumakonda)
• Ramappa Temple (Mulugu)
Andhra Pradesh
• Srikalahasti Temple (Srikalahasti)
• Surya Narayana Temple (Arashavalli)
• Veer Bhadra Temple (Lepakshi)
• Tirupati Balaji / Venkateswara Temple (Tirumala, Tirupati)
Karnataka
• Ladkhan Temple (Aihole)
• Meguti Temple (Aihole)
• Virupaksha Temple (Pattadakal)
• Durga Temple (Aihole)
• Hoysaleshwara Temple (Halebid)
• Chennakesava Temple (Somnathpur)
• Vitthala Temple (Hampi)
• Virupaksha Temple (Hampi)
• Hazara Rama Temple (Hampi)
• Pampa Devi Temple (Hampi)
1. Nagara, the Dravida and the Vesara are the [1995, 2012]
(a) three main racial groups of the Indian subcontinent
(b) three main linguistic divisions into which the languages of India can be classified
(c) three main styles of Indian temple architecture
(d) three main musical Gharanas prevalent in India
2. Where is the famous Virupaksha temple located? [2009]
(a) Bhadrachalam
(b) Chidambaram
(c) Hampi
(d) Srikalahasti
3. Where is the famous Vijaya Vittala temple having its 56 carved pillars emitting
musical notes located? [2007]
(a) Belur
(b) Bhadrachalam
(c) Hampi
(d) Srirangam
 Architecture
Rock-Cut Architecture in India
Himachal Pradesh
• Masroor Temples
Bihar

• Barabar Caves

• Nagarjuni Caves

• Mandargiri Caves
Madhya Pradesh
• Udayagiri Caves
• Bagh Caves
Maharashtra
• Kanheri Caves
• Karle Caves
• Bhaja Caves
• Bedsa Caves
• Junar Caves
• Pitalkhora Caves
• Nasik Caves
• Ajanta Caves
• Ellora Caves
• Elephanta Caves
Karnataka
• Badami Cave Temples

Odisha
• Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves
Tamil Nadu
• Cave Temples (Pallavaram & Mahabalipuram)
• Rathas (Mahabalipuram)
• Sittanavasal Caves
• Tirumalaipuram Caves
4. Some Buddhist rock-cut caves are called Chaityas, while the others are called
Viharas. What is the difference between the two? (2013)
(a) Vihara is a place of worship, while Chaitya is the dwelling place of the monks
(b) Chaitya is a place of worship, while Vihara is the dwelling place of the monks
(c) Chaitya is the stupa at the far end of the cave, while Vihara is the hall axial to it
(d) There is no material difference between the two
5. Consider the following pairs: (2022)
Site of Ashoka's major rock edicts — Location in the State of
1. Dhauli — Odisha
2. Erragudi — Andhra Pradesh
3. Jaugada — Madhya Pradesh
4. Kalsi — Karnataka
How many pairs given above are correctly matched ?
(a) Only one pair (b) Only two pairs
(c) Only three pairs (d) All four pairs
 Architecture
Stupa Architecture
Kashmir
• Parihaspur Stupa (Parihaspur)

Ladakh
• Shanti Stupa (Leh)

Himachal Pradesh
• Namgyalma Stupa (Dharmashala)
Madhya Pradesh

• Sanchi Stupa (Sanchi)

• Bharhut Stupa (Bharhut)

• Deorkothar Stupa (Deorkothar)

Uttar Pradesh

• Piprahwa Stupa (Piprahwa)

• Dhamek Stupa (Sarnath)

• Kushinagar Stupa (Kushinagar)

• Chaukhandi Stupa (Sarnath)

Bihar

• Kesariya Stupa (East Champaran) - Largest

• Ghorakatora Stup (Nalanda district) – Second largest

• Lauriya Nandangarh Stupa (Lauriya Nandangarh)

• Vikramshila Stupa (Bhagalpur)

Sikkim
• Do-drul Chorten Stupa (Gangtok)

Arunachal Pradesh
• Gorsam Chorten Stupa (Tawang)

Odisha
• Shanti Stupa (Dhauli)
Andhra Pradesh
• Amaravati Stupa (Amaravati)
• Nagarjunakonda Stupa (Nagarjunakonda)
• Goli Stupa (Goli)
• Ghantshal Stupa (Ghantshal)
• Jaggayyapet Stupa (Jaggayyapet)
• Bhattiprolu Stup (Bhattiprolu)
• Gudivada Stup (Gudivada)
• Peddaganjam Stup (Peddaganjam)
 Architecture
Indo-Islamic Architecture
Delhi
• Qutub Minar, Alai Darwaja, Siri-Tughlaqabad – Jehapanah –
Firozshah Kotla Forts & many tombs
• Old Fort complex
• Humayun’s Tomb, Red Fort complex & Jama Masjid
Uttar Pradesh
• Agra Fort (Agra)
• Fort-cum-Palace (Fatehpur Sikri)
• Tomb of Itimad-ud-daula (Agra)
• Taj Mahal (Agra)
• Atala Masjid (Jaunpur)
• Bara Imambara, Chota Imambara, Rumi Darwaja &
Kaiserbagh Palace (Lucknow)
Madhya Pradesh

• Mandu Fort (Mandu)

• Jehaz Mahal (Mandu)

• Hindola Mahal (Mandu)

• Baz Bahadur Palace (Mandu)

• Rupmati’s Pavillion (Mandu)

West Bengal

• Bara Sona Masjid (Gaur)

• Chhota Sona Masjid (Gaur)

• Dakhil Darwaja (Gaur)

• Adina Mosque (Pandua)

Telangana

• Golkunda Fort (Hyderabad)

• Char Minar (Hyderabad)
Karnataka

• Gulabarga Fort (Gulabarga)

• Bidar Fort (Bidar)

• Madarsa of Mahmud Gawan (Bidar)

• Gol Gumbaj (Bijapur)

• Ibrahim Rauza (Bijapur)

Gujarat

• Jama Masjid (Ahmedabad)

• Tin Darwaja (Ahmedabad)

Bihar

• Shershah’s Tomb (Sasaram)

Jammu & Kashmir
• Jamia Masjid (Srinagar)
• Hazratbal Masjid (Srinagar)

Haryana
• Kabuli Bagh Mosque (Panipat)
Rajasthan
• Adhai Din ka Jhonpra (Ajmer)

Maharashtra
• Haji Ali Dargah (Mumbai)
• Chand Minar (Daulatabad)

Kerala
• Cheraman Juma Mosque (Thrissur) – 7th century
Modern Architecture
 Portuguese Architecture
Goa
• St. Cathedral Church
• Basilica of Bom Jesus
• Church of Saint Francis of Assisi
• Convent of Santa Monica
• Chapel of the Weeping Cross
• Sanctuary of Saint Joseph Vaz
 French Architecture
Puducherry

• Sacred Jesus Church

• Statue of Joan of Arc, Dumas Street

• Le Foyer du Soldat
 British Architecture
Maharashtra

• Gateway of India (Mumbai)

• Victoria Terminus Station (Mumbai)

• Prince of Wales Museum (Mumbai)

New Delhi

• India Gate

• Parliament House

• Rashtrapati Bhavan
West Bengal

• Victoria Memorial (Kolkata)

• Writers' Building (Kolkata)

Tamil Nadu

• St. Mary's Church (Chennai)

1. Nagara, the Dravida and the Vesara are the [1995, 2012]
(a) three main racial groups of the Indian subcontinent
(b) three main linguistic divisions into which the languages of India can be classified
(c) three main styles of Indian temple architecture
(d) three main musical Gharanas prevalent in India

Answer (c)
2. Where is the famous Virupaksha temple located? [2009]
(a) Bhadrachalam
(b) Chidambaram
(c) Hampi
(d) Srikalahasti

Answer (c)
3. Where is the famous Vijaya Vittala temple having its 56 carved pillars emitting
musical notes located? [2007]
(a) Belur
(b) Bhadrachalam
(c) Hampi
(d) Srirangam

Answer (c)
4. Some Buddhist rock-cut caves are called Chaityas, while the others are called
Viharas. What is the difference between the two? (2013)
(a) Vihara is a place of worship, while Chaitya is the dwelling place of the monks
(b) Chaitya is a place of worship, while Vihara is the dwelling place of the monks
(c) Chaitya is the stupa at the far end of the cave, while Vihara is the hall axial to it
(d) There is no material difference between the two

Answer (b)
 5. Consider the following pairs: (2022)
Site of Ashoka's major rock edicts — Location in the State of
1. Dhauli — Odisha
2. Erragudi — Andhra Pradesh
3. Jaugada — Madhya Pradesh
4. Kalsi — Karnataka
How many pairs given above are correctly matched ?
(a) Only one pair (b) Only two pairs
(c) Only three pairs (d) All four pairs
Answer (b)