Critical Care >Posttrauma Care

John M. Oropello, Stephen M. Pastores, Vladimir Kvetan+

Table 53–1Endpoints of resuscitation—markers of regional perfusion.

Regional Markers Notes/Pitfalls

Capillary refill Unknown baseline for comparison

CPK levels Too slow for acute changes

Requires special operator skills

Echocardiography

Absent esophageal or gastric pathology

Electrocardiogram Unknown baseline for comparison

Jugular bulb saturation Not routinely available

Unavailable during general anesthesia

Mental status

Unreliable with intoxication

NIR spectrometry Not routinely available

Sublingual tonometry Not routinely available

Troponin levels Too slow for acute changes

Urine output Unreliable with acute or chronic renal failure, SIADH, or neurogenic DI

CPK, creatinine phosphokinase; DI, diabetes insipidus; NIR, near infrared; SIADH, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone.

Date of download: 01/01/23 from AccessMedicine: accessmedicine.mhmedical.com, Copyright © McGraw Hill. All rights reserved.