Student´s name: _Farud Ignacio Bríñez Villanueva___________________ Score: ______/

11 inventions you probably didn't know came from Latin America

Explore the latest strategic trends, research and analysis

Latin America has produced some of the most ingenious inventions of our lifetime.
And yet, according to a 2013 report by the OECD, the future of innovation in the Latin
America region is in danger due to low levels of investment and research.

Research and development in Latin America is sluggish. Contrary to other regions,

such as the United States, where knowledge-intensive sectors represent 60% of
manufacturing value and experience rapid growth, in Latin America natural resource
and labour-intensive sectors account for the majority of manufacturing value.

Today, however, things are starting to look up: innovative start-ups are gaining
momentum, initiatives are addressing the innovation gap (such as the World Economic
Forum's Competitiveness Lab) and creative entrepreneurs are leading the way on
technologies that have a social impact.
With the promise of a bright future for innovation in Latin America, let's take a look at
some of the region's greatest past inventions:

1. The colour TV. Born in Guadalajara Mexico, Guillermo Gonzalez Camarena was an

electrical engineer credited with the invention of a colour-wheel type of television. His
was the first colour TV patented in the US and Mexico, and is still used by NASA today.

2. Neonatal artificial bubble. Born in Perú, Claudio Castillón Lévano invented the

"neonatal artificial bubble", designed to improve the intensive medical care of
high-risk newborns.

3. The contraceptive pill. Mexican chemist Luis E. Miramontes co-invented the first

oral contraceptive pill in 1956.

4. The electric brake. Victor Ochoa was a Mexican inventor and revolutionary who

patented the electric brake in 1907. It uses magnetic attraction to make it easier for
trains to slow down. Ochoa is also known for inventing the ochoaplane, an adjustable
wrench, and a pen and pencil clip, among other inventions.

5. Photography. Hércules Florence, a French-Brazilian inventor, is considered one of

the pioneers of photography, developing a photograph some three years before Louis
Daguerre.

6. The Mondragón rifle. Manuel Mondragón was an officer in the Mexican Army who
designed a gun capable of reloading a new bullet without the shooter having to
manually eject the spent cartridge. It was used during World War I and the in the
Mexican Revolution.

7. The ballpoint pen. László József Biró, Argentinian by naturalization and Hungarian

by birth, was a journalist and inventor. He designed a pen with oil-based ink and a
tungsten ball that allowed the ink to roll smoothly on to paper.

8. The artificial heart. Dr Domingo Liotta was born in Argentina, the son of Italian

immigrants. In 1969, he created the first artificial heart to be successfully transplanted
into a human being. His creation is on display at the Smithsonian Museum.

9. Captcha codes. The annoying online access code format used to prevent spam was
invented by Guatemala-born doctor Luis Von Ahn.
Image: Creative Commons/CAPTCHA Insanity

10. The stent. Argentine vascular radiologist Julio C. Palmaz invented the balloon
expandable stent used to treat cardiovascular disease. In 2006 he was immortalized in
the National Inventors Hall of Fame.

11. Bandage for administering drugs. Uruguayan Alejandro Zaffaroni has been granted
more than 45 patents to date, including a bandage for administering drugs through the
skin.

Taken from:
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/06/11%20surprising%20inventions%20from
%20latin%20america/ and adapted for academic purposes

1. Match the words with its meaning

Sluggish a. _Captcha __Information technology term that stands for
Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell
Computers and Humans Apart 
Wrench b. _ tungsten__a small container or tube filled with
material to be inserted into a mechanism
Cartridge c. _ granted__as a privilege or right, a sum of money, or a
tract of land
Captcha d. __Sluggish___ not Captcha energetic, slow moving
tungsten e. __ Cartridge__ tool
granted f. _ Wrench__a rare, metallic element having a bright-gray
color, a metallic luster, and a high melting point.
 2. Complete the following chart with the information given previously in the
article.
3.
country Invention
1. México The colour TV. (Is a colour-wheel type of television)

2. Perú Neonatal artificial bubble

3. México The contraceptive pill. (The first in 1956)

4. México ● Electric brake

● Ochoaplane
● a Wrench
● a Pen and pencil clip

5. French-Brazilian Pioneers of photography

6. México The Mondragon rifle

7. Argentina The ballpoint pen

8. Argentina The artificial heart

9. Guatemala Captcha codes

10. Argentina The stent

11- Uruguay Bandage for administering drugs

3. RESEARCH TIME

1. What is the greatest invention for you?

Explain briefly the following items:
-Advantages and disadvantages

The greates invention for me is the transistors.

Advantages: Is a element very necessary for the electronic, also for the communications.
This little apparatus or device allowed a new age in the communication. First in the
analoge telephones, and the news times in the smarthpones. With the transistors was
born the electronic signal, today in day used in the worl for the communications between
countries.

Disadvantages: Your capacity of energy is very little. Not ever your potence is good. This
element have to damage every easy.

- Components:_wires and three fetts: emitter, base, collector._______________

- Materials: Silicon, and also other materials, but the silicon is the more important
- Physical appearance: Is small, little, very little advice, your form is variated. Your best
form is rectangle with three lines________________________________

- Brief history (50 words) of its invention

The transistors was a invented for the agency Bell in company of the electronic industry.
The names of the principal persons in this invented are: William Shockley, Jhon Bardeen
and Walter Brattain, they wanted, they building the new technology advance, the big
informatics technology in the area of the communication in the world.

-where was invented? The invented is of USA.

Who invented? The transistors born in the corporation Bell. Corporation of

communication, telecommunications and also of technologies.

2. What is the world’s most dangerous invention? Support your ideas in no more
than 50 words

The world’s dangerous invention is the Atomic Bomb. Your inventor is Robert
Oppenheimer on july 16, 1945. The product of this invention is a big bang with energy
bang.

The invented consist in the liberation of energy through radioactive material. Your
product is the massive destruction in the world whole.

4. Have you ever thought about inventing anything? Explain what is it and
possible predictions about your invention.

Yes, in some moment I wanted or I had the idea of building a system of water in a rural
place that did haven’t acueduc or water service. In this place was very difficult get
water.