ELECTROSTATIC FIELDS AND CHARGES Pioneering 21st Century

Electromagnetics and Photonics

EE 3321 Electromagnetic Field Theory http://emlab.utep.edu

GOVERNING EQS. ELECTRIC POTENTIAL POINT CHARGES

Conditions:  E  0
Calculating E from V: Single Charge:
Q aˆ R Q   r  rQ 
1. w = 0.  • D  rv
E  V D  Coulomb’s Law:
2. Size << l. D    E
Calculating V from E: 4 R 2
4 r  rQ
3
Q1Q2 aˆ12
F12  R12  r2  r1
4 R122
B
POWER AND ENERGY VAB
W
 VB  VA     E • d E  D  0 r 1 2
Energy in the Field Q A N 1
1 Qi
V r   
2
1
 
 2  D • E dv general case Power in Conductors 4 i 1 r  ri 1 2
 v  E • Jdv Energy:
 
General Joule's Law
W 
Force: 1 N
 1  E 2 dv P
W   QV
V

 2 
LHI case 2
   E dv More common form i i
v
 V F  QE 2 i 1
CHARGE DISTRIBUTIONS Uniform and Finite Line Charge:
rL
LINE, SURFACE, VOLUME, Dtotal   sin 1  sin  2  aˆ r   cos  2  cos 1  aˆ z 
Qty.
rL (C/m) rs (C/m2) rv (C/m3) 4r
Qtotal  r L L
Total Charge Q   rLd Q   r S ds Q   rv dv Uniform and Infinite Line Charge:
L S v
rL
Qtotal   Dtotal  aˆ r
rLd r S ds rv dv
2r
D aˆ D   aˆ D   aˆ
Total Field
L
4 R 2 R
4 R 2 R
v
4 R 2 R
Uniform Circular Plate Charge:
Qtotal   R r S
S
2

r L  r d  r S  r   ds rv  r   dv rs   z

Dtotal  0, 0, z   1 
1 1 1
  aˆ z
4 
Electric Potential V  4 r  r
V V 
r  r 4 r  r
L S v 2  R2  z 2 
Uniform Infinite Sheet Charge:
1 1 1 rS
Energy W
2L r LVd W   r sVds
2 S
W   rvVdv
2 v Qtotal   Dtotal  aˆ z
2
Uniform Spherical Charge  Like a point charge.