> Abdaltahnan Hohonried Performance: Excellent Skill Very good L Average Extracting = data from Needs improvement graph/table Comparative PROGRESS: data figures Improving aa © Same manipulation © Worse than last {calculations} Hint to improve performance: © Understand what the question wants Study topic: 1 Use better sequencing of points "] Use more keywords Take a look at marking scheme © Make sure your words are accurate Other Notes: Mock! paper 4 Assignment Evaluation sheet Nihal Cabr * Duration thour {5 mins Use of data in graph / table questions: (if found) Good | Average | Needs | _ improvementThe concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide has increased considerably in recent years (a) Describe the possible causes of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide. Busnsg fossil eek is inctea sing causing an incfense’n He production ofcatben doses Butcing of trash in landfills is ncfeasing causing an incense io He production of cathon dine. Bacefia inland fils epireactobtallycha fick (ale causing oninctase nth polation. catlen dixie. — eaaennees : [3] {b) Soybean plants, Glycine max, were grown in two separate plots. Each plot used a carbon dioxide enrichment system to control the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, The atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations in the two plots were kept + 370ppm, which is similar to the current atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration + 550ppm, which is a possible future atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. When the soybean plants were fully grown, scientists calculated the average rates of photosynthesis at regular intervals from 04:00 to 22.00 for both plots. The results are shown in Fig. 2.1 25: 207- average rates of photosynthesis Jmol per m? per s (04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 time of day Fig. 2.4Describe and explain the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the average rates of photosynthesis of the soybean piants from 04:00 to 22:00. Use the data from Fig. 2.1 in your answer. Ht Bfappay ie macimanaadege eck phaesynbbsiais B15 wl pete pera ASS ppm COa,thenacimamanclage of phelasyathesis is 22-0 p00 per nper-erAsttecatben. dioxide concenkticnixdtedly propertanal the aaetage fac physi luscatbon dircide cncentadien te vet atch ee elite seer : — (6)(c) The scientists also made observations of the leaf structure of the soybean plants. Epidermis and mesophyll issues are adapted for photosynthesis. Complete Table 2.1 by stating two structural features of each of these tissues and explain how each feature is an adaptation for photosynthesis. Table 2.1 how the feature is an adaptation loo feature for photosynthesis 4 Ttis one cell thi Balla ctesunlight trenkcttecal. : epidermis: + 2 Tthas guatdcellse.... ‘earl Heopenig andclsig cf stansta. 1 THispached withing... TBallowphebsynthes chlorplacts.. mesophyll i 2 Tithe many oit spaces e (4) (4) When the scientists were working in the plot with a carbon dioxide concentration of SSO ppm, their breathing rates were higher than when they worked in the other plot. Suggest why their breathing rales woe higher Aste cfbandiacide certo ageabe it teasocakacd-Se,tt il eet Hep Res slebniosnell npc bedaplogr anlar] mace gc hashish (2) [Total: 15]2 Neurones are part of the nervous system. Neurones are connected to each other by synapses. (a) (i) Describe how the structure of a neurone is related to its function. Dandies chap clecicalinpalecas Recall bey Arco teste eleckcalipules. aay fete cell body bf nearan endings - (3 (ii) The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system State the names of the organs that make up the central nervous system. Brain and spinal cod: 0 (0) Reflex actos allow the body to respond rapidly to changes in the external environment (Outline the pathway in a reflex arc in response to shining a bright light into the eye. Tete ina cnoge ntectinales whichis bright hght- Te Meal decd te dasgeindestmades: Bledricalippalses willbe sent tae senso neatene.Thyitwill nove dete y newtne inte brains Lastly itwillmeve tothe mck newtone Tit will ave tote ef Factor abich ite - (3) (li) Doctors sometimes check the reflexes of people who are unconscious. ‘Suggest why reflexes occur in people who are unconscious. A tele te bein is nat conscious(c)_ Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of a synapse and parts of two neurones. (i) (i) Fig. 4.1 State the names of the labelled parts in Fig. 4.1 E Vesicles. F Nearohonsmitts..... 6 Receptors Draw an arrow on Fig. 4.1 to show the direction in which the signal travels across the synapse. 1] “Bl Total: 12)The results of this investigation are shown in Fig. 1.2. 100: 904 80: 70: 60: percentage Fig. 1.2 Describe and explain the effect of pH on the activity of sucrase shown in Fig. 1.2. Aste plnteases few 2 te fy te pcenkge ae oddinily efuctase increases fet Ba te le Atoptinam pS, the perertoge acuity disuctinse. ts. lea As.the pH inetesses. fam & 4e.14p.. the poleroge nich bLactaselaseases fon leo tele (6)3 {a) (i) State the name of the gas exchange surface in humans. ro eerste rere cat a eres fo) (ii) State two features of the gas exchange ‘surface in humans. 1 Tb hase. lage sufaceata.s 7 acta Gagne ee . | (b) Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of the gas exchange system in humans. Fig. 1.1 (i) Drawa label line and the letter X on Fig. 1.1 to identify an external intercostal muscle. (1] (ii) State the name of the tissue that forms C-shaped structures in the wall of the trachea and state its function. nrame Riga cathe. function Té acide colopsing ef e atmclen. (2(ili) Describe the effects on the thorax of contraction of the diaphragm. ead) dks) muscle tdaacand te idesral scot) muscles cota) (2) (c)_ Table 1.1 compares the composition of inspired and expired air. Table 1.1 percentage in percentage in Ce doth inspired air expired air A nitrogen 78 78 8 oxygen 2 16 c 0.04 4 D case past variable saturated () Complete Table 1.1 by writing the names of gases B, C and D. (3) (ii) For gas B and gas C, explain the differences in the percentages shown in Table 1.1 between inspired and expired air. Ere angen peteige in isp gece an thozygen pecentaye nexpitdaiaate a yg isuced aps Re cbbnsheilepscettegei omit i slsatfan te cack dione pee incapitedavas theathendiniteisasnsh pedic 8 [Total: 14](a) A scientist investigated the effect of temperature on the mass of leaves picked from a 4 tea plant, Camellia sinensis. + Three samples of leaves were picked and the mass of each sample of leaves was recorded + Each sample of leaves was kept at a different temperature for four hours. + After four hours, the mass of each sample of leaves was measured and recorded again. + The scientist then calculated the final mass as a percentage of the initial mass for each sample. Fig. 3.1 shows the results. 100: final mass asa 90 percentage of the initial mass 80: 7 | { i 0 10 20 30 40 temperature at which the leaves were kept/*C Fig. 3.4 (i) Explain the results shown in Fig. 3.1 Aathtenperalse incknses, tte nase dé Heleat dec teases oste whe iolctdacte ranitidine 5) (ii) State one factor, other than temperature, that would affect the loss of mass from the leaves of a plant. Hasridly 1)(b) Fig. 3.2 is a photomicrograph of the tissue that transports water and mineral ions in a plant. Fig. 3.2 (i) State the name of the tissue shown in Fig. 3.2 Miler uerselse : vow (1) (ii) Describe how the tissue shown in Fig. 3.2 is adapted for its functions in the plant. Thos decd balan celled all ake tole fey ith vinimumresishoce: Ne eal tedlon udle flouce ina elaucus. ner column with minieum resistancer Wallssith jgein Eesapper (3)(6). Explain how mineral ions enter a plant ive tanspet fom anaken.cf le concenttahicn (aside) to an asea.of | bighcencetedion (rnsidethe plat) argh cai gceis which eqaltes enety ta chatge shops 3 (Total: 13)5 (a) Complete Table 6.1 to show the names, functions and sites of action of the three different digestive enzymes. name of enzyme pepsin trypsin rallase Table 6.1 function breaks dun proeinetoanivoacids breaks daon pickins b anioo acide- breaks down maltose to glucose site of action stomach walle swell intenstine walls flew? (3){b) Enzymes are proteins. Fig. 6.1 shows the stages involved in protein synthesis. A- codes for a protein \) DNA ak | stage 4 = “nuclear membrane \ DNA POCCOCCOCCCOCCOCE I stage 2 XS “nuclear membrane stage 3 not to scale Fig. 6.4{i) State the name of the parts represented by the letters A and C in Fig. 6.1 ADNA... c Nurleus, sos 2) (ii) Describe the events that occur during stage 2 in Fig. 6.1 Gus shag htsourip oR thes nay A Hegercanlgds aha te osc... hgh gee ache pote... (iii) State what determines the order in which the parts labelled B are assembled, oN... (1 (c)_ The shape of a protein is very important for its function Explain the importance of shape for the function of an enzyme. Enzyrnes have anasdie steahi thal eape if subchate which, saath sett figment 8] (Total: 11)(a) Antibodies are proteins that are produced by lymphocytes. Antitoxins are antibodies which 6 neutralise the toxins released by some bacteria. The transmissible disease diphtheria is caused by a bacterium that releases a toxin that can cause serious damage to the body. ‘A person is suspected of having caught diphtheria. ‘At a clinic, the person is given an injection of antitoxin antibodies that provide protection against the diphtheria toxin. She is also given an injection of the vaccine for diphtheria. A few weeks later she is given a second injection of the diphtheria vaccine. Fig. 6.1 shows the changes in concentration of the antitoxin antibodies and the antibodies produced in response to the vaccine. :injection of antitoxin antibodies key: eznceniraton vss anton anibodis in the blood second —— antibodies produced in injection of 5 response to vaccination first injection L of vaccine 1 time Fig. 6.4 (i) Explain the advantage of giving the person an injection of antitoxin antibodies. Ti pesides og term incu ty and easy call. (2)(ii) Explain how the two injections of the vaccine result in better protection against diphtheria than the injection of antitoxin antibodies, T decease te chances fide offeds. and te ef ds one ste. 8] (b) Explain how antibodies protect the body against pathogens. Teashadies bid aibhocenphoahaty aig fete atibedy bgt eget alartlhneh “a soo (4)(b) Fig. 1.1 is a micrograph of part of some fish gills. ‘magnification «110 Fig. 1.4 (ii) Suggest one adaptation, visible in Fig. 1.1, that shows that fish gills are efficient structures for gas exchange by diffusion Que-cel Bik. i)