Anatomy & Physiology - Laboratory

STUDENT ACTIVITY SHEET BS NURSING / FIRST YEAR

Session # 1

LESSON TITLE: THE HUMAN ORGANISM (Part 1) Materials:

Pen and notebook
LEARNING TARGETS:

Upon completion of this lesson, you can: Reference:

1. Differentiate the terms anatomy and physiology;
2. Describe the relationship between anatomy and VanPutte, C., Regan, J., & Russo, A. (2019).
physiology with their importance to healthcare; and, Seeley’s essentials of anatomy & physiology
3. Describe the six levels of organizations of the body. (10th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

SUBJECT ORIENTATION

Your classroom instructor for this subject, Anatomy and Physiology - Laboratory, is Ms. Daisy Fernandez .
(You write in this area the vital policies, rules & regulations to be noted in this class. You may also refer to the Course
Outline to be distributed by your instructor.)

1. Treat everyone eith respect

2. Be honest in answering modules
3. Concerns will be address until 8pm not beyond 8pm.
4.speak in english and tagalog only (some of your teachers are from Pangasinan)

MAIN LESSON
You will study and read their book, if available, about this lesson.

Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body.

The word “anatomy” comes from a Greek root that means “to cut apart”

Some specializations of anatomy:

1. Gross Anatomy (also termed as macroscopic anatomy) - study of the larger structures of the body, those visible without the
aid of magnification.
2. Microscopic Anatomy - “micro-small”, study of anatomy that can be only observed through a microscope. (it includes
study such as cytology- study of cells, and histology which is the study of tissues.)

A. Gross Anatomy
B. Microscopic Anatomy

This document and the information thereon is the property of

PHINMA Education (Department of Nursing) 1 of 5
Physiology – the study of the processes and functions of the body.

The body can be studied at six structural levels.

1. Chemical - involves how atoms, such as hydrogen and carbon, interact and combine into molecules.
2. Cell - molecules can combine to form organelles, which are the small structures that make up some cells.
3. Tissue - group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them.
4. Organ - composed of two or more tissue types that together perform one or more common functions.
5. Organ system - group of organs classified as a unit because of a common function or set of functions.
6. Organism - any living thing considered as a whole.

This document and the information thereon is the property of

PHINMA Education (Department of Nursing) 2 of 5
CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING
You will answer and rationalize this by yourself. This will be recorded as your quiz. One (1) point will be given to the correct
answer and another one (1) point for the correct ratio. Superimpositions or erasures in your answer/ratio is not allowed.

Instruction: Kindly indicate if it describes Anatomy or Physiology. Write A - if your answer is Anatomy while write B - if your
answer is Physiology.

1. A scientist would like to take a look and further study at the different internal body organs of a dead person in the form of
dissecting. This action of the scientist is a form of studying?
ANSWER: A
RATIO: Anatomy is a scientific study of body structures. Through the form of dissection, a person will know the organism’s body part,
their forms and how they are organized.

2. A surgeon understands that an increase in blood loss during operation can affect the oxygenation of the body. ANSWER:
B
RATIO: Cardiovascular Physiology studies the process of the heart and blood vessels. When someone encounter blood loss during
operation it is under the study of vascular physiology.

3. Measuring the height of a person to compare it to normal height by age.

ANSWER: A
RATIO: Developmental Anatomy studies the structural changes that occur between conception and childhood. This simply means that
there will be an ongoing development and growth in human as time changes.

4. How an organ functions?

ANSWER: B
RATIO: Systemic Physiology examines the function of organ systems. It simply means that how our organs work or what they do and
how they do it.

5. How do the muscle contracts?

ANSWER: B
RATIO: Muscle Contraction is under Physiology, it is something an important function in the body such as your body posture, stability
and the production of heat.

6. The cardiac cycle of a human heart

ANSWER: B
RATIO: Cardiovascular Physiology studies the cardiovascular system, specifically addressing the physiology of a human heart and thus
cardiac cycle of the heart fall under this level.

7. Taking blood pressure and heart rate of a person can be associated to

ANSWER: A
RATIO: Through the application of Surface Anatomy we will be able to take blood pressure and heart rate of a person where it involves
identifying the regions of the heart by just looking at the exterior of the body and just visualize the internal structures.

8. The body’s responses to extreme temperatures.

ANSWER: B
RATIO: One of the major goals of studying the Human Physiology is to understand and predict the body’s responses to stimuli and to
understand how the body maintains condition within a constantly changing environment.

9. Understanding the different parts of a cell

ANSWER: A
RATIO: One of the levels of Anatomy is the Cytology, when someone understand the different parts and structural features of a cell it
falls under his category.

10. The body’s natural responses like defense mechanisms

ANSWER: B
RATIO: Defense mechanisms that a body naturally respond is under Physiology, another goal when studying physiology is to
understand the maintenance of a body’s changing environment.

This document and the information thereon is the property of

PHINMA Education (Department of Nursing) 3 of 5
RATIONALIZATION ACTIVITY
The instructor will now provide you the rationalization to these questions. You can now ask questions and debate among yourselves.
Write the correct answer and correct/additional ratio in the space provided.
1. ANSWER:
RATIO:

2. ANSWER:
RATIO:

3. ANSWER:
RATIO:

4. ANSWER:
RATIO:

5. ANSWER:
RATIO:

6. ANSWER:
RATIO:

7. ANSWER:
RATIO:

8. ANSWER:
RATIO:

9. ANSWER:
RATIO:

10. ANSWER:
RATIO:

LESSON WRAP-UP

You will now mark (encircle) the session you have finished today in the tracker below. This is simply a visual to help you track how
much work you have accomplished and how much work there is left to do.

You are done with the session! Let’s track your progress.

This document and the information thereon is the property of

PHINMA Education (Department of Nursing) 4 of 5
AL ACTIVITY: DO NOW STRATEGY

You will respond to the questions posted for this session. This strategy provides you with independence as you work out the presented
problems.

1. Give at least one reason why we need to understand anatomy and physiology in the field of health services.

Anatomy and Physiology are not only a subject but also, they are special tools that medical personnel must have especially in the field of
health services. It gives us a wrap up knowledge about how systems interact, track the patient’s health status , and will be able to perform well
in patient care. It will also help us to evaluate, assess and diagnose for each individual patient and their specific symptoms. Even if we cannot
see the internal structures in our body with our naked eyes, we will be able to determine the function and processes of how these organs work
and why they are useful to a person’s body. We will not be confused anymore on why there are changes within our body, why our it undergoes
growth and development.

2. What are the six levels of organizations of the body? Describe each.

Chemical Level – it is the simplest level of organization in which it includes the building blocks of matter that make life possible. Atoms
combine to form molecules such as atoms, sugar, water and molecules.

Cellular Level – cells are the basic unit of life, cells are made up of molecules and molecules combine to form organelles, which are the little
organs inside the cells.

Tissue Level – composed of a group of cells that work together to accomplish one or more specific functions.

Organ Level – two or more tissues work together for a specific function that leads to the formation of organs.

Organ System Level – two or more organs work for a specific function that is viewed as a unit.

Organism Level – the most complex level of organization where all the organ system function in the human organism, the whole living person
This document and the information thereon is the property of
PHINMA Education (Department of Nursing) 5 of 5
This document and the information thereon is the property of
PHINMA Education (Department of Nursing) 6 of 5