Republic of the Philippines

Province of Cebu
City of Talisay
TALISAY CITY COLLEGE
Poblacion, Talisay City, Cebu
2nd Semester, Academic Year 2021-2022

TECH 122 – DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Course Material Reviewer Canete, Clarissa A. Department I.T.

Teacher Contact No.

st
Program & Year BSIT – 1 Year Credit Units 5 units
Digital Electronics is the study of electronic circuits that are used to process and
control digital signals. In contrast to analog electronics, where information is
represented by a continuously varying voltage, digital signals are represented by two
discrete voltages or logic levels. This distinction allows for greater signal speed and
storage capabilities and has revolutionized the world electronics. Digital electronics is
Course Description
the foundation of all modern electronic devices such as cellular phones, mp3 player,
laptop computers, digital cameras, high definition television, etc. The major focus of DE
course is to expose students to the design process of combinational and sequential
logic design, teamwork, communication methods, engineering standards, and technical
documentation.
Culminating Outcome Design an effective combinational circuit for households and industrial use.
Midterm Unit Outcome Solve binary arithmetic and apply Boolean algebra to solve logic functions.

Student’s Name Curricular Yr.& Sec.

Contact No. Time Allotment
Residence Inclusive Date/s

Course Material 3 Addition and Subtraction of Binary Numbers

CONTENT LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Addition of Binary Numbers At the end of this course material, you will…
 Subtraction of Binary Numbers  Understand Binary Addition and Subtraction.
 Solve word problems involving binary subtraction.
 Solve word problems involving binary arithmetic.
ENGAGE
Did you know that we could perform addition and subtraction of binary numbers?

As we know, decimal number is the tools that we use every day, in solving mathematical problems, in
science or even in our everyday life. Adding and Subtracting decimal numbers is not new to us. Adding and
Subtracting binary numbers is somewhat the same with adding and subtracting decimal numbers.

In this course material, you will learn how to add and subtract binary numbers and the basic principles that
are needed to understand how digital machines (i.e. computers) perform the basic arithmetic operations.

EXPLORE
Binary Addition

The two binary numbers is performed in exactly the same manner as the addition of decimal numbers. In
fact, binary addition is simpler, since there are fewer cases to learn. Let us first review the decimal addition: See
Figure 1.1 below.
Figure 1.1

The least-significant-digit (LSD) position is operated on first, producing the sum of 7. The digits in the second
position are then added to produce a sum of 13, which produces a carry of 1 into the third position. This produces a
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sum of 8 in the third position.
The same general steps are followed in binary addition. However, only four cases can occur in adding two
binary digits (bits) in any position. The basic principle of adding binary numbers are the following:

0+0=0
0+1=1
1+0=1
1 + 1 = 0 with carry of 1 into next the most significant bits, but in the case that there are no binary digits in the
into next most significant bits just automatically bring down 1, the sum would be 10.
1 + 1 + 1 = 1 with carry of 1 into next the most significant bits, but in the case that there are no binary digits in
the next into next most significant bits just automatically bring down 1, the sum would be 11.

The last case occurs when the two bits in a certain position are 1 and there is a carry from the previous
position. Here are some examples of the addition of two binary numbers.

1. 0112 2. 10012 3. 112

+1102 +11112 +102
10012 110002 1002
It is not necessary to consider the addition of more than two binary numbers at a
time, because in all digital systems the circuitry that actually performs the addition can handle only two numbers at
a time. But if there is a case that you need to add more than two binary numbers, the first two are added together
and then their sum is added to the number, and so on.

Binary Subtraction

In binary numbers, the subtraction takes place from the LSBs to the MSBs. The basic principle of subtracting
binary numbers are the following:

0-0=0
1-0=1
1-1=0
0 - 1 = 1 with a borrow 1 into next the most significant bits.
Here are some examples of the subtraction of two binary numbers: (Note: the numbers in parenthesis is the
equivalent decimal number of the following numbers)

1. 10012(9) 2. 1012(5) 3. 10102(10)

- 1102(6) - 102(2) - 101 (5)
2

112(3) 112(3) 101 2(5)

Digital Systems Principles and Applications

by Ronald J. Tocci and Neal S. Widmer
Source: p. 263-270, Binary Addition and Subtraction

LEARNING CHECK:

1. 1112 + 1012 =
2. 10012 – 1012 =

Supplementary Material/s:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C5EkxfNEMjE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sJXTo3EZoxM
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 KNOWLEDGE-BUILDING
Assessment Task 1 Adding and Subtracting Binary Numbers
1. Get the sum and the difference of the following binary number.
Instructions: 2. Show your solution on the space provided or in another sheet of paper if
necessary.
1. Add the two binary numbers to get the sum.
Help Guide 2. Subtract the two binary numbers to get the difference.
3. Simply follow the examples provided above.
5 points each correct answer Your Rating/
Basis for Rating:
Total Points
50

A. Add the following Binary Numbers.

1. 111101012 + 110101102=
2. 101101102 + 011111102=
3. 111001112 + 10010012=
4. 110110102 + 110110112=
5. 010011102 + 001111002=
6. 100111012 + 100011112=
7. 110100112 + 010101102=
8. 100100112 + 101110012=
9. 111111102 + 101101012=
10.101111012 + 111001112=

B. Subtract the following Binary Numbers.   

ASSESS

1. 111011102- 10011012=
2. 1011012- 1000112=
3. 110010102 - 100110102=
4. 100111002 - 011110012=
5. 110010112 - 100000112=
6. 111000012 - 100111012=
7. 100000012 - 011001102=
8. 100100112 - 100001112=
9. 1010002 - 1001112=
10.1011112- 1100112=

CRITICAL THINKING
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 Assessment Task 2 Solve word problems using binary Addition and Subtraction
1. Get the sum and difference between the two binary numbers.
Instructions: 2. Show your solution on the space provided or in another sheet of paper if
necessary
1. Read each problem and solved for what is being asked.
Help Guide
2. Simply follow the examples given above.
15 points per correct answer Your Rating/
Basis for Rating:
Total Points
45

1. Which number should be added to 1110101, to get the sum of 011001100?

2. Which number should be subtracted from 10111101 to get 01010100?

3. Which is greater, 1011101 or 1101101 and by how much?

4. Find the difference of the two sums, 111011 +101101 and 101101+ 110111.

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 5. The sum of two numbers is 0100010001. One of the numbers is 110011. Find
the other number.

CREATING
Assessment Task 3 Solve word problems based on binary numbers.
Instructions: Compute for what is being asked
1. Read each item carefully and compute for what is being ask.
Help Guide
2. Refer to the example given above.
Basis for rating:
Criteria 100 points 80 points 60 points 40 points

Students
Students Students
demonstrates Students
Ability to demonstrates a demonstrates
considerable demonstrates
perform the high ability in some ability in
ability in limited ability in
addition and performing the performing the
performing the performing the
subtraction of addition and addition and
addition and addition and
the binary subtraction of subtraction of
subtraction of subtraction of the
numbers the binary the binary
the binary binary numbers
numbers numbers
numbers
1. There are 1101110 flowers of red, yellow and white colors in a basket. If
110001 flowers are red and 11100 flowers are yellow, how many white flowers
are there?

2. John reads 1110011 pages from his book last Monday, 11010011 pages on
Tuesday and 10010010 pages on Wednesday. There are 1001101100 pages in
the book. How many more pages he has to read?

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SOURCES/REFERENCES
Tocci, R., Widmer, N., (2011). DIGITAL SYSTEMS: Principles and Applications, 8 TH Edition. Prentice Hall, Inc.
Ndjountche, Tertulien, (2016). DIGITAL ELECTRONICS 1. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Maini, Anil K., (2007). DIGITAL ELECTRONICS: Principles, Devices and Application. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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