THE CELL

1. Which organelle would be abundant in?

Skeletal muscle cell __________________
Palisade cell __________________
2. State the functions of the following organelles.
Lysosomes __________________
Golgi apparatus __________________
3. State the functions of the following organelles;
Goigi apparatus _______________
Ribosomes cell _______________
4. Name the organelles that perform each of the following functions in a cell.
Protein synthesis __________________
Transport cell secretions __________________
5. The diagram below represents a cell.

a) Name the parts labeled x and y

X _______________
Y _______________
b) Suggest why the structures labeled x would be more on one side than the other
side.
6. a) State the function of cristae in mitochondria
b) The diagram below represents a cell organelle
 (i) Name the part labeled Y (1mk)
(ii) State the function of the part labeled X (2mks)
7. a) What is the formula for calculating linear magnification of a specimen when using
a hand lens? (1mk)
b) Give a reason why staining is necessary when preparing specimens for
observation under the microscope. (1mk)
8. State three functions of Golgi apparatus. (3mks)
9. Name two structures found in plant cell but are absent in animals cell.
10. Write the role of the following parts of a microscope
i) Nerve cell
ii) Palisade cell
iii) Root hair cell
iv) Red blood cell
11. The diameter field of view of a light microscopic is 3.5mm. Plant cells lying of the
diameter are 10. Determine the size of one cell microns (1mm = 1000µm)
12. Define the following
i) Tissue
ii) Organ
iii) Organ system
THE CELL ANSWERS
1. (a) - Secretion of useful substances
- Formation of secretory vesicles
2. (a) - Destroying old and worn out organelles
(b) - Secretion reticulum (rough)
- Formation of secretory vesicles
3. (a) - Mitochondrion
(b) - Chloroplast
4. - Ribosomes
- Endoplasmic reticulum (rough)
5. (a) - X- chloroplasts
- Y - Vacuole
(b) In dim light. They move to the upper part of the cell in order to receive
enough sunlight for photosynthesis
6. (a) - Increase surface area for attachment of respiratory enzymes hence
increasing rate of respiration.
(b) (i) Stroma
(ii) Absorb sunlight used for light stage of photosynthesis
7. (a) Drawing = Length of the drawing
Magnification Length of the object
(b) It is adding a dye to the specimen to make the features clearer and distinguishable
8. - Form vesicles that ransport materials to other parts of the cell e.g. proteins
-Transport secretions to the cell surface for secretion e.g. enzymes and mucus.
- They form lysosomes
9. - Cell wall
- Large vacuole
- Chloroplast
- Starch granules
10. (i) Reflect light from the source to the microscope/specimen
(ii) Regulate amount of light entering the microscope/reaching specimen.
 (iii) Move body tube up and down in order to obtain a rough focus of the image of
specimen.

11. It is the ability to differentiate two structures or organelles lying close

12. (a) A cell is structurally and physiologically modified in order to perform a

particular function.
(b) (i) Presence of dendrites to receive impulses
(ii) Presence of chloroplasts to trap sunlight
(iii) Elongated and no cuticles in order to absorb water
(iv) Biconcave shape to increase surface area for diffusion of
oxygen/haemoglobin.

13. 1 mm = 1000μm
3.5 mm = 3500 μm
10 cells = 3500 μm
1 cell = 3500 μm
10
1 cell = 350 μm
14. (i) Made of several specialized cells grouped together and perform particular
function.
(ii) Made of a group of specialized tissues grouped together performing a particular
function
(iii) It is made of several organs that perform a particular function.