‎ hields, Christopher,
S
‎Aristotle, ch. 2:
‎Explaining nature and
‎the nature of explanation
‎E is an ADECUATE
‎explanation iff E
 ‎ nce an explanation has cited
‎correctly cites each
‎of the four causes
‎NECESSARY CONDITION
‎ n explanation is adequate only if
A ‎is the satiation of our curiosity, then we
‎it correctly cites each of the four
‎causes
‎SUFFICIENT CONDITION
O
‎each of the four causes, it has left
‎nothing out, and so is a complete
‎and adequate as an objective
‎explanation
I‎ f the only test for adequacy in explanation
‎cannot be at all sure that the explanations to
‎PROBLEM
‎which we appeal track the objective
‎relations between interest-independent
‎state of affairs
‎ mere enumeration of four causes by itself
A I‎ f there is another kind of cause not
‎does nothing to show that there are not yet
‎other, non-equivalent types of causes still to
‎be recognized
‎CHALLENGES
I‎ t seems entirely possible to cite all four
‎causes and yet find oneself in need of
‎additional information
I‎ f Aristotle wishes to ground each of the four
‎causes in an objectively given framework,
‎Aristotle will need to advance some more
‎detailed forms of argumentation
‎Aristotle argues for each of the four causes
‎ is first and fullest arguments are on behalf
H
‎of material and formal causation
‎ rimary orientation of these arguments:
P
‎without matter and form we cannot solve a
‎significant puzzle about CHANGE &

‎GENERATION
‎COUNTERCHALLENGE
‎reducible to one or the other of the four
‎causes it needs to be identified by its
‎champion
‎RESPONSE
‎ ach of the individual four causes may be
E
‎specified more remotely or more narrowly.
‎We do not cite a new kind of cause when we
‎become more or less specific, but rather
‎move vertically within a kind of cause