GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION

MODE OF ACTION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

ADVERSE REACTIONS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

-Aspirin -Novacin (acetylsalicy lic acid, ASA)

-Antiinflammatory, antipyretic, anticoagulant

-Reduces inflammatory response and intensity of pain; decreases fever; inhibits platelet coagulation.

-Analgesia, fever, antiinflammatory, platelet aggregation inhibitor.

ROUTE/ DOSAGE:

-PO, 80mg OD

-Allergy to tartrazine dye, bleeding disorders, chicken pox or flu in children and teenagers, hepatic impairment, history of hypersensitivit y to aspirins or NSAIDs.

-Produces GI bleeding and Gastric mucosal lesions, headache, tachycardia, pruritus and dizziness.

-Do not crush or chew entericcoated tablets. -May give water, milk, meals if GI distress occurs. -Report if there is ringing in ears (tinnitus) or persistent abdominal GI pain.

GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION

MODE OF ACTION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

ADVERSE REACTIONS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

-Atorvasta tin

-Lipitor

-AntihyperliPidemic

ROUTE/ DOSAGE: -PO, 80mg HS

-Decreases LDL and plasma triglyceride levels, increases HDL, cholesterol concentration .

-Prevention of cardiovascular disease, hyperlipi demia, hypercholester olemia.

-Active hepatic disease, lactation, pregnancy, unexplained elevated liver function test results.

-Cataracts may develop and photosensiti vity may occur.

-Give medication with food. -Do not break filmcoated tablets. -Monitor levels of cholesterol.

GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION

MODE OF ACTION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

ADVERSE REACTIONS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

-Metoprolol

-Betaloc

-Antianginal, antihypertensive

ROUTE/ DOSAGE:

-PO, 50mg OD

-Slows sinus node heart rate, decreases cardiac output and reduces BP, also decreases myocardial ischemia severity.

-Chronic, stable angina pectoris, early treatment for MI, late treatment and maintenance after an MI.

-Cardigenic shock, MI with a heart rate less than 45 beats/min or systolic BP less than 100 mmHg, overt heart failure, second or third degree heart block, sinus bradycardia.

-May produce profound bradycardia, hypotension, broncho Spasm.

-Tablets may not be crushed; do not crushed or break extended-release tablets. -Give at same time each day. -Medication given after meals to enhance absorption.

GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION

MODE OF ACTION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

ADVERSE REACTIONS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

-Warfarin Sodium

-Couma din

-Anticoagulant

ROUTE/ DOSAGE:

-PO, 2.5mg

-Prevents -Anticoagulant further extension of form existing clot; prevents new clot formation or secondary Thromboembolic complications .

-Neurosurgical procedures, open wounds, pregnancy, severe hypertension, severe hepatic or renal damage, spinal puncture, uncontrolled bleeding, ulcers.

-Bleeding complica tions ranging from local ecchymoses to major hemorrhage occur, hepatotoxi city, necrosis, vasculitis.

-Tablet may crushed. -Medication without food food if GI occurs.

not be given or with upset

GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION

MODE OF ACTION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

ADVERSE REACTIONS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

-Citicholine sodium

Zynapse

-CNS Stimulant, Peripheral Vasodilators, Cerebral Activators, Neurotropics

-Citicholine increases blood flow and O2 consumption in the brain. It is also involved in the biosysntehsis action.

ROUTE/ DOSAGE:

-PO, 500mg BID

-Citicholine is indicated in CVD in acute recovery phase in severe s/sx of cerebrovascul ar insufficiency and in-cranial traumatism and their sequellae. Citicholine in CVA, stimulates brain function.

-Any allergy or hypersensitivit y to the drug, hypertonia of the parasympathe tic nervous system, use cautiously for pregnancy and lactation, conscious use for patient with renal and hepatic damage

-Fleeting and discrete hypotension effect, increased parasym pathetic affects, low blood pressure, Itching or hives, swelling in face or hands, chest tightness, tingling in mouth and throat

-Take Citicholine as prescribed. -Take Citicholine on time. -Monitor patients neurologic status. -Teach patient on how to take the drug.

GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION

MODE OF ACTION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

ADVERSE REACTIONS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

-Salbutamol

-Ventolin

-Bronchodilator (therapeutic); adrenergics (pharmacologic)

-It relieves nasal congestion and reversible bronchospas m by relaxing the smooth muscles of the bronchioles.

ROUTE/ DOSAGE:

-Nebulization q6

-To control and prevent reversible airway obstruction caused by asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), quick relief for bronchospasm , for the prevention of exerciseinduced bronchospasm , long-term control agent for patients with chronic or persistent bronchospasm .

-Hypersen sitivity to adrenergic amines, hypersensiti vity to fluorocarbons.

-nervous ness, restlessness , tremors, headache, insomnia, palpitation, angina, nausea and vomiting.

-Assess lung sounds, PR and BP before drug administration and during peak of medication. -Administer PO medications with meals to minimize gastric irritation. -Advise the patient to rinse mouth with water after each inhalation to minimize dry mouth. -Chest tapping and back tapping after nebulization.

GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION -Cardiovascular

MODE OF ACTION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

ADVERSE REACTIONS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

-Amlodipine

-Norvasc

-Amlodipine agent; calcium relaxes channel blocker; peripheral antihypertensive and coronary agent. vascular smooth muscle.It produces coronary vasodilation by inhibiting ROUTE/ the entry of DOSAGE: Ca ions into -PO, 10mg OD the voltagesensitive channels of the vascular smooth muscle and myocardium during depolari sation.

-Angina pectoris, hypertension, stable angina.

-Hyper sensitivity dihydro pyridines.

-Headache, to peripheral oedema, fatigue, somnolence, nausea, abdominal pain, flushing, dyspepsia, palpitations, dizziness. Rarely pruritus, rash, dyspnoea, asthenia, muscle cramps.

-Monitor BP with postural changes. Report postural hypotension. Monitor more frequently when additional antihypertensives or diuretics are added. -Monitor heart rate; dose-related palpitations (more common in women) may occur.

GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION

MODE OF ACTION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

ADVERSE REACTIONS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

-Losartan

-Cozaar

-Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), Antihypertensive

ROUTE/ DOSAGE:

-PO, 100mg OD

-Selectively blocks the binding of angiotensin II to specific tissue receptors found in the vascular smooth muscle and adrenal gland; this action blocks the vasoconstricti on effect of the reninangiotensin system as well as the release of aldosterone leading to decreased blood pressure.

- Treatment of hypertension, alone or in combination with other antihyperten sive agents ,treatment of diabetic neuropathy with an elevated serum creatinine and proteinuria in patients with type 2 diabetes and a history of hypertension

-Contra indicated with hypersensitivit y to losartan, pregnancy (use during the second or third trimester can cause injury or even death to the fetus), lactation.

-Headache, dizziness, syncope, insomnia, Hypotension ,Rash, urticaria, pruritus, alopecia, dry skin, Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, constipation, dry mouth, URI symptoms, cough, sinus disorders, Cancer in preclinical studies, back pain, fever, gout, muscle weakness

-Administer mediation without food. -Ensure that patient is not pregnant before beginning therapy, suggest the use of barrier birth control while using losartan; fetal injury and deaths have been reported. -Find an alternative method of feeding the baby if given to a nursing mother. Depression of the renin-angiotensin system in infants is potentially very dangerous.

GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION -Electrolytes

MODE OF ACTION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

ADVERSE REACTIONS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

-Kalium Durule

-Potas sium Chloride

ROUTE/ DOSAGE:

-PO, 1 tab TID

-Supple mental potassium in the form of high potassium food or potassium chloride may be able to restore normal potassium levels.

-Hypokalemia. Prophylaxis during treatment w/ diuretics.

-Renal insufficiency, hyperkalemia, untreated Addison's disease, constriction of the esophagus &/or obstructive changes in the alimentary tract.

-Obstructive changes in the alimentary tract, constriction of the esophagus. Heart/kidney disease. Pregnancy & lactation.

-Should be taken with food (Swallow whole w/ glass of liqd, do not break/chew/crush. Do not administer to a patient in a supine position.).

GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION

MODE OF ACTION -The betalactamase inhibitors are recognized as substrates for the betalactamases produced by bacteria. This allows the actual betalactams to attack the bacterial cell wall by binding to penicillin binding proteins.

INDICATIONS -Respiratory tract, skin, bone and joint infections, Infections from penicillinaseproducing staphylococcus.

CONTRAINDICATIONS -Hyperasensiti vity, neonates

ADVERSE REACTIONS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

-Piperacillin/ Tazobac tam (Piptazo)

-Betalactam/betalactamase inhibitor

ROUTE/ DOSAGE:

IVTT, 2.25ml q6

-No new adverse effects are seen as a result of adding betalactamase inhibitors to beta-lactam antibiotics. The adverse reactions would remain the same for the parent compound