Bulacan State University
College of Education
Bustos, Bulacan
Name: Mark Diego Manuel
Date: February 6, 2023
Course/Year/Section: BSED 3C
INSTRUCTION: Research on the following ethical theories and based on your
understanding of your readings about each theory then on the succeeding columns state
what is the basis or standard of what is moral and immoral.
Ethical Theory Basis/Standard of what is
Moral(Good)
• Hedonism This method highlights the
significance of enjoyment
and desire. Regardless of
whether it is psychological or
driven, it affects how people
behave.
• Epicureanism Finding modest, lasting
pleasure, in this theory, is the
highest good. Understanding
how the world works and
learning to regulate our
impulses enable us to be
aware of the boundaries of
our actions and wants.
• Utilitarianism It may determine right from
wrong by focusing on the
outcome.
• Divine Command Religions have a big impact
Theory on this theory. If it is God's
command, they consider it to
be good.
• Natural Law According to the ethics and
Theory philosophy notion known as
Basis/Standard of what is
Immoral ( Bad/Evil)
Other ideals, such as justice
and freedom, are
disregarded by hedonism.
People simply act in
accordance with their
desires to make an effort to
lessen their misery.
being very independent or
self-centered
Since utilitarianism
encourages the use of unfair
tactics in certain situations,
it is fundamentally
incorrect. No matter how
positive the results could be,
some things should never be
done.
We have ample reason to be
concerned that God's
instructions are arbitrary
because they come from
divine command. They
might be harsh and stern,
or they might be kind and
caring, or they might have
any other morally
praiseworthy quality. The
divine command hypothesis
offers no guarantees.
The ethical and
philosophical idea of
 "natural law," human beings
have inherent values that
guide their thought and
behavior. According to
natural law, people naturally
possess these concepts of
good and wrong; they were
not developed by society or
legal authorities.
• Natural Rights People are naturally decent
Theory people, and as such, they
have certain rights, such as
the right to life, liberty, and
property, independent of any
laws or social conventions.
• Social Contract A social contract is a
Theory theoretical or actual pact
describing the rights and
obligations of both the ruled
and their rulers that is used
in political philosophy.
• Cultural Relativism not judging other cultures by
our own standards of what is
right or wrong, strange or
normal
• Ethical The false premise of cultural
Subjectivism relativism is that every
culture has a unique but
equally valid style of
thinking, seeing the world,
and coming to conclusions.
"natural law" holds that
people have intrinsic values
that direct their actions.
People have these ideas of
right and wrong inherently;
society or the legal system
did not produce them,
according to natural law.
Natural rights are those
that apply to all human
civilizations. Since there are
probably no rights that
apply to all societies, this
approach has a weakness.
It gives the government
unwarranted power to pass
laws in the name of public
safety.
Cultural relativism makes
the fallacious claim that
every culture has a distinct
but equally valid way of
thinking, perceiving the
world, and making
decisions.
We may make moral errors
in our moral assessments or
moral commitments.