FINAL EXAM IN RT 316 RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY AK

c. Cholecystitis
PART I. Multiple choice d. Cholylithiasis
1. Occurs as the result of a fungus that has affected the
esophagus. This is sometimes referred to as thrush. 7. A very rare congenital condition where all of the
a. Candida organs in the body are transposed to the opposite side.
b. Varices It has an unknown etiology.
c. Achalasia a. Situs inversus
d. Ulcer b. Sinusitis
c. Pectus excavatum
2. Are dilated, tortuous veins of the esophagus which d. Pectus carinatum
may rupture. They are commonly a result of portal
hypertension and/or liver cirrhosis. 8. Tetralogy of Fallot is a very rare congenital heart
a. GERD defect that presents at birth. As the name indicates, it
b. Achalasia consists of the following 4 defects:
c. Diverticulum I. Pulmonary Stenosis
d. Esophageal varices II. Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
III. Ventricular Septal Defect
3. The following describe Endometriosis, except IV. Coronary artery disease
I. An often painful disorder in which tissue similar to the V. An Overriding Aorta
tissue that normally lines the inside of your uterus — VI. Cardiomyopathy
the endometrium — grows outside your uterus. a. I, II, III & IV
II. Most commonly involves your ovaries, fallopian tubes b. II, III, IV & V
and the tissue lining your pelvis. c. I, II, III & V
III. Ovaries might be enlarged and contain follicles that d. III, IV, V & VI
surround the eggs
IV. Referred to as “chocolate cyst” 9. A tight foreskin is common in baby boys who aren’t
a. I only circumcised, but it usually stops being a problem by the
b. II only age of 3.
c. III only a. Cryptorchidism
d. IV only b. Varicocele
c. Hypospadias
4. An undescended testicle (cryptorchidism) is a testicle d. Phimosis
that hasn't moved into its proper position in the bag of
skin hanging below the penis (scrotum) before birth. 10. It is a walled-off, necrotic area of lung tissue
a. Cryptorchidism containing pus.
b. Varicocele a. Lung abscess
c. Hypospadias b. Lung metastasis
d. Phimosis c. Pulmonary pyogenic
d. Lung cyst
5. A rare primary liver cancer that is also known as a
hepatoma. It is very common in alcoholics and patients 11. This presents as a bird seed or “millet” type of
with hepatitis. radiographic appearance
a. Cirrhosis a. Military TB
b. Jaundice b. Miliary TB
c. Hepatitis c. Primary TB
d. Hepatocellular carcinoma d. Lung infection

6. A condition of having gallstones. This only becomes a 12. An abnormal passageway between two structures
problem if the stones cause an inflammation of the that do not normally connect.
gallbladder. a. Colovaginal Fistula
b. Fistula
a. Cholethiasis c. Hernia
b. Cholelithiasis
d. Polyps 13. Occurs when a section of bowel is constricted by
peristalsis causing it to prolapse or telescope into itself.
This condition is primarily

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 FINAL EXAM IN RT 316 RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY AK
a. Volvulus 20. A common hernia in men is called an
b. Intussusception a. Hiatal hernia
c. Enteritis b. Inguinal hernia
d. Hernia c. Herniated pulposus
d. Epigastric Hernia
14. A volvulus is a loop of intestine that has twisted
around itself causing either a partial or complete 21. A general term that is used to describe ulcers of the
obstruction. stomach and duodenum
a. Volvulus a. Peptic ulcer
b. Intussusception b. Gastric ulcer
c. Enteritis c. Duodenal ulcer
d. Hernia d. Arterial ulcer

15. A weakening of an arterial wall that results in a 22. Wilm’s Tumor

bulge or balloon-like appearance. I. also referred to as a nephroblastoma.
A rupture of this bulge is potentially fatal. They are II. It is the most common cervical neoplasm of
most commonly associated with cerebral arteries and infancy and early childhood with an average
the abdominal aorta. onset of three years old.
a. Stroke III. produces a large, palpable abdominal mass
b. Aneurysm IV. It has a propensity to metastasize to the
c. Multiple sclerosis lungs, liver, and skeletal system.
d. Coronary Artery disease a. I, II & III
b. I, II & IV
16. A chronic liver condition in which the liver c. I, III & IV
parenchyma and architecture are destroyed. d. II, III & IV
a. Cirrhosis
b. Jaundice 23. An outpouching that occurs due to a weakening in
c. Hepatitis the lining of, in this particular instance, the ureter.
d. Hepatocellular carcinoma a. Diverticulum
b. Hernia
17. A congenital disease where the lower poles of both c. Polyps
kidneys fuse causing both collecting systems to sit at d. Phlebolith
an angle.
a. Multiple sclerosis 24. A type of teratoma (benign cyst) that contains
b. Horseshoe kidney developmentally mature skin that can take the
c. PKD following forms: Hair, Teeth, Nails
d. Ectopic Kidney a. Lipoma
b. Hydrops fetalis
18. This type of pneumonia occurs as the result of the c. Dermoid
patient inhaling a foreign material into their bronchial d. Carcinoid
tree.
a. Bronchopneumonia 25. It is also often referred to as heartburn and acid
b. Bronchitis reflux. This disease is characterized by a backward flow
c. Aspiration pneumonia of gastric contents into the esophagus due to an
d. Pneumonitis incompetent lower esophageal sphincter (LES).
a. GERD
19. This condition occurs as the result of inhaling soil b. Achalasia
and/or bat/bird droppings that have been infected c. Diverticulum
with a fungus d. Esophageal varices
a. Pulmonary embolus
b. Chronic bronchitis 26. Occurs when a portion of the stomach protrudes
c. Histoplasma capsulatum into the thorax through the esophageal opening in the
d. Histoplasmosis diaphragm.

a. Polyps c. Hiatal hernia

b. Diverticulum d. Ulcer

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 FINAL EXAM IN RT 316 RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY AK
a. Medulloblastomas
27. This type of pneumonia is caused by a bacterial b. Retinoblastoma
infection that originates in the airway and spreads out c. Cerebelloblastomas
to the alveoli. d. Neuroma
a. Bronchopneumonia
b. Bronchitis 34. What is Arnold Chiari Malformation
c. Aspiration pneumonia I. Children born with spina bifida and
d. Pneumonitis hydrocephalus often have Arnold Chiari
Malformation
28. The following describe COPD) II. This congenital defect allows the cerebellar
I. A term used to describe two lung diseases tonsils to herniate through the foramen
II. Acute bronchitis and emphysema. magnum and into the spinal canal.
III. They also both pertain to an obstruction of III. This can block the flow of CSF and cause the
the normal flow of air within the lungs. brain stem and cerebellum to become stretched
IV. Smoking is the primary risk factor for and compressed.
emphysema. IV. This condition does not require surgical
a. I and II only correction.
b. III and IV only a. I, II & III
c. I, III & IV only b. II, III & IV
d. AOTA c. I, II & IV
d. AOTA
29. It is characterized by an abnormal flow of urine
from the bladder back into the ureter. 35. Refers to a condition where either a portion of or
a. Vesicoureteral reflux the entire lung has collapsed and is without air.
b. GERD a. Emphysema
c. Hemolysis b. Bronchiectasis
d. Ureter obstruction c. Atelectasis
d. Pleural effusion
30. It is nothing more than small, usually round,
calcified valve within a vein that surround the urinary 36. This condition occurs when air is introduced into
bladder. They are sometimes mistaken for kidney or the pleural space. The net result of these phenomena is
bladder stones and have no clinical importance. a collapsed lung.
a. Diverticulum a. Atelectasis
b. Hernia b. Pneumothorax
c. Polyps c. Pneumonia
d. Phlebolith d. Hydrothorax

31. An outpouching that occurs due to a weakening in 37. An inflammatory lesion of the colonic mucosa with
the lining of, in this particular instance, the digestive radiographic appearance of “Lead pipe” sign
system. a. Ulcerative colitis
a. Polyps b. Diverticulitis
b. Diverticulum c. Appendicitis
c. Hiatal hernia d. Ascariasis
d. Ulcer
38. Symptoms include right lower quadrant pain and an
32. Occurs as a result of hemolysis, or an accelerated increase the white blood cell count.
breakdown of red blood cells, leading to an increase in a. Ulcerative colitis
bilirubin production. b. Diverticulitis
a. Obstructive jaundice c. Appendicitis
b. Hemolytic jaundice d. Ascariasis
c. Cirrhosis
d. Hepatitis

33. These are the most common cancerous brain

tumors in children. It starts in the lower back part of the
brain and tends to spread through the spinal fluid.

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39. Excess fluid that accumulates within the 46. The following describe Crohn’s Disease
pleural space is known as a I. non mechanical bowel obstruction
a. Ascites II. Characterized by a chronic
b. Pleurisy inflammation of the bowel and has an
c. Pleural effusion unknown etiology
d. Pneumothorax III. Aka Regional enteritis
IV. It is characterized by abdominal
40. Has a very distinctive “ground glass” cramping, diarrhea, constipation,
radiographic appearance on a chest X-ray. weight loss or gain, and vomiting.
a. Infant Respiratory Disease Syndrome a. I only
b. Hyaline membrane disease b. I, II, and III only
c. Emphysema c. II, III, and IV only
d. Pleural effusion d. AOTA

41. An inflammation of the brain. 47. The common symptoms of kidney stones
a. Hydrocephalus are as follows:
b. Encephalitis a. Hematuria (blood in the urine)
c. Meningitis b. Hydronephrosis (from the obstruction)
d. Meningioma c. Pyonephrosis (infection)
d. AOTA
42. Refers to a cut-off of blood supply
(ischemia) to part of the brain resulting in an 48. People with this condition have an excess
infarct. of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) within the
a. CVA ventricles of their brain.
b. Myocardial infarc a. Parkinson’s disease
c. Stroke b. Hydrocephalus
d. Both a & c c. Stroke
d. Cerebrovascular edema
43. Pulmonary metastasis (secondary lung
cancer) is much more common than primary 49. This is the exact opposite of acid reflux. It
lung cancer. It primarily occurs via is an esophageal motility disorder that occurs
a. lymphatic system due to the inability of the lower esophageal
b. urinary system sphincter (LES) to relax. As a result, the
c. digestive system esophagus fills with ingested food and fluids.
d. both b and c a. GERD
b. Achalasia
44. A tension pneumothorax is a life- c. Diverticulum
threatening condition that is caused by a ball- d. Esophageal varices
valve type of fistula.
a. Bronchiectasis 50. An inflammation (swelling) of the
b. Tension Pneumothorax protective membranes covering the brain and
c. Emphysema spinal cord.
d. Hydrothorax a. Hydrocephalus
b. Encephalitis
45. It is also known as a black lung disease c. Meningitis
caused by inhaling coal dust. d. Meningioma
a. Anthracosis
b. Abestosis 51. Which refers to the presence of air in the
c. Silicosis pleural cavity that results in partial or
d. Pneumonoconiosis complete collapse of the lung?
a. Pleural effusion

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b. Pneumothorax a. Sliding hiatal hernia

c. Mediastinal mass b. Tertiary peristalsis
d. Empyema c. Achalasia
d. Hydrocele
52. Which cyst behind the knee results from
rapture or herniation of the synovial 59. What is known as the herniation or
membrane from a knee joint affected by protrusion of the urinary bladder through the
osteoarthhritis? wall of the vagina?
a. Baker’s cyst a. Ureterocele
b. Pulmonary mass b. Cystocele
c. Myoma c. Hydrocele
d. Cyst d. Spermatocele

53. An abnormality which results to an 60. A 12-year-old patient presented with pain
elevated scapula? in his left arm and fever of more than 110° F
a. Monteggia’s was brought to the gospital for admission.
b. Dowager’s back During the imaging procedure, a distinct
c. Sprengel deformity onion peel appearance was seen through the
d. Sway back left arm of the patient. This appearance
indicates what specific disease?
54. Type of pneumonia caused by acid a. Endochondroma
vomitus aspirated into the lower respiratory b. Exostosis
tract c. Ewing’s sarcoma
a. Viral pneumonia d. Multiple myoloma
b. Interstitial pneumonia
c. Lobar pneumonia 61. A radiographer performed a chest PA
d. Aspiration pneumonia examination. Looking through the radiograph,
she noticed a definitive area of the chest
55. Porcelain gallbladder can be seen in what without vascular markings. This radiographic
kind of disease? appearance can be seen in patients with what
a. Pancreatic cancer type of disease?
b. Chronic cholecystitis a. Bronchitis
c. Cancer of the gallbladder b. Pneumothorax
d. Hiatal hernia c. Pneumonia
d. Pleural effusion
56. Where is the rat tail appearance seen?
a. Achalasia cardia 62. Flattening of the femoral head as seen in
b. Carcinoma esophagus the radiograph is an indicative of what
c. Reflux esophagitis disease?
d. Hiatus hernia a. Legg-calve-perthes disease
b. Development dysplasia of the hip
57. Which refers to the interruption of c. Osteoarthritis
breathing that may result to loss of d. Club foot
consciousness or death?
a. Asphyxiation 63. Which of the following definitions applies
b. Bronchiectasis pectus excavatum?
c. Asthma a. Multiple fractures of the sternum
d. Atelectasis b. Abnormlly prominent lower aspect of
sternum
58. Schiatzi’s ring is a radiographic sign of c. Depressed sternum due to congenital
what pathology? defect

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d. Separation between ribs and sternum due b. Intussusception

to trauma c. Hernia
d. Volvulus
64. Which of the following is a liver condition
in which the liver parenchyma and 71. Impairment of normal liver function might
architecture are affected? result in
a. Hepatitis a. Cirrhosis
b. Cirrhosis b. Jaundice
c. Jaundice c. Milk of Calcium
d. Hepatoma d. Viral hepatitis

65. The frequent location of colon diverticula 72. Patients with liver cirrhosis have a
is at the tendency to develop
a. Rectum I. Ascites
b. Cecum II. Esophageal varices
c. Ascending colon III. Jaundice
d. Sigmoid a. 1 & 2
b. 1 & 3
66. Damasceaus curve is seen in what c. 2 & 3
pathology? Damoiseau’s curve (Ellis- d. AOTA
Damoiseau’s line)
a. Atelectasis 73. A malignanat neoplasm of the ovary
b. Pulmonary mass a. Cystadenocarcinoma
c. Pneumothorax b. Cystadenoma
d. Pleural effusion c. Leiomyoma
d. Fibroadenoma
67. Sickness sufficient to interfere with
normal daily routine is termed: 74. Which portion of the GI sytem is most
a. Etiology frequently damaged by blunt trauma to the
b. Morbidity abdomen?
c. Mortality a. Cecum
d. Pathogenesis b. Duodenum
c. Ileum
68. Loss of elasticity of the bronchial walls as a d. Jejenum
result of bacterial infection may result in
a. Bronchiectasis 75. A malignant tumor of the kidney generally
b. Bronchogenic carcinoma ocurring in children under 5 years of age
c. Pneumococcal pneumonia a. Adenocarcinoma
d. Tubercolosis b. Hypernephroma
c. Fibroadenoma
69. A congenital, neurogenic disease of the GI d. Nephroblastoma
system characterized by an absence of
neurons in the bowel wall is 76. An infant born after only six months of
a. Achalasia gestation could have
b. Diverticulosis a. Cystic fibrosis
c. Hirschsprung disease b. Hyaline membrane disease
d. Toxic megacolon c. Mediastinal emphysema
d. Pectus excavatum
70. A twisting of bowel about its mesenteric
base best refers to 77. A decrease in the amount of oxygen-
a. Ascites carrying hemoglobin in the peripheral blood is

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a. Polycythemia 18. Polycystic Ovary

b. Leukemia 19. Porcelain gallbladder
c. Anemia 20. Polycystic Kidney Disease
d. Lymphoma 21. Ectopic Kidney
22. Staghorn Calculus
78. What disease caused by chronic 23. Wilm’s tumor
destruction of liver cells and structure, usually
24. Phleboliths
caused by chronic alcoholism.
25. Esophageal varices
a. Hepatitis
b. Cirrhosis 26. Volvulus
c. Jaundice 27. Brain abscess
d. Hepatoma 28. Dermoid
29. Bicornuate uterus
79. Which of the following diseases of the 30. Pleural effusion
kidney is pus forming as detected in the urine
a. Ureterocele
b. Glomerulonephritis PART III. Write the pathology of the following
c. Pyelopnephritis radiographic signs and appearances
d. Cystitis
1. URETEROCELE “cobra head appearance”
80. A contagious disease caused by an 2. ESOPHAGEAL VARICES “cobble stone
airborne bacterium is best described by which appearance”
of the following 3. INTUSSUSCEPTION “coiled spring sign”
a. Hemoptysis “mushroom shaped”
b. Tuberculosis 4. CHOLECYSTITIS “porcelain gallbladder”
c. Pulmonary edema 5. VOLVULUS “Coffee bean sign”
d. Pleurisy 6. PEPTIC ULCER “spike whale or spike-like
appearance”
7. POLYCYSTIC OVARIES “bunch of grapes
appearance”
PART II. Select the correct pathology from the 8. ULCERATIVE COLITIS “lead pipe sign”
box of the following radiographs. 9. ACHALASIA “rat tail sign”
10. SLIDING HIATAL HERNIA “schatzki ring”
1. Inguinal hernia
2. Pneumothorax
3. Traction Diverticulum
4. Pulmonary Metastasis
5. Atelectasis
6. Emphysema
7. Sliding hiatal Hernia
8. Achalasia
9. Peptic Ulcer
10. Bronchogenic Carcinoma
11. Adenocarcinoma
12. Crohn’s disease
13. Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm
14. Diverticulosis
15. Ascariasis
16. Dextrocardia
17. Cholelithiasis

RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY FINAL EXAM Prepared by: JFOC