PHYLUM NEMATODA

QUESTION AND ANSWERS

PART 1
1. The cuticular layer in roundworms is protective and composed mainly of
A. Chitin
B. Protein
C. Calcium carbonate
D. None of the above

2. The body cavity of Ascaris is pseudocoel because

A. It contains layer cells termed pseudocoelocytes
B. It is bound extremely by muscle layer and internally by intestines
C. It has very little parenchyma
D. It is filled with pseudocoelomic fluids

3. Ascaris lumbricoides lives in the intestine of

A. Sheep and goat
B. Monkey
C. Homo sapiens
D. Pig

4. The life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides has an intermediate host which is

A. Cattle
B. Snail
C. Man
D. None of the above

5. The life span of Ascaris is

A. More than 30 days
B. About a year
C. Six months
D. 8 to 10 months

6. The exterior part of Ascaris is covered by

A. Pellicle
B. Epidermis
C. Sclerites
D. Cuticle

7. The phenomenon by which male and female sexes could be differentiated

morphologically is called
A. Variation
B. Polymorphism
C. Sexual dimorphism
D. None of these

8. The disease caused by hookworm is called

A. Ascariasis
B. Elephantiasis
C. Ancyclotomiasis
D. Enterobiasis

9. Elephantiasis is a disease caused by

A. Wuchereria bancrofti
B. Ascaris lumbricoides
C. Enterobius vermucularies
D. Fasciola hepatica

10. Cuticle of Ascaris is an adaptation for

A. Parasitism
B. Growth
C. Reproduction
D. Locomotion

11. Ascaris normally inhabits the lumen of

A. Stomach
B. Small intestine
C. Appendix
D. Large intestine

12. Respiration in Ascaris is

A. Cutaneous
B. Aerobic
C. Anaerobic
D. Both b and c

13. The ode of nutrition in Ascaris is

A. Holozoic
B. Holophytic
C. Saprozoic
D. Saprophytic

14. Which of the following has no intermediate host?

A. Tapeworm
B. Ascaris lumbricoides
C. Plasmodium vivan
D. Fasciola hepatica

15. Sperms of Ascaris are characteristic because they aew

A. Giant in sze
B. Without mitochondrion
C. Amoeboid shape
D. With large body and tail

16. Which of these is not a hermaphrodite animal?

A. Earthworm
B. Tapeworm
C. Ascaris
D. Hydra

17. Beneath the cuticle in Ascaris is found the hypodermis which is

A. Columnar
B. Syncytial
C. Ciliated
D. Cuboidal

18. Ascaris is a/an

A. Free living organism
B. Ectoparasite of man
C. Endoparasite of mosquito
D. Endoparasite of man

19. With reference to parasitism, the round worm (Ascaris) may be regarded as specialized
animals and not a degenerated one because of the fact that it is
A. Dioecious animal
B. Having no respiratory system
C. Provided with a tough resistant cuticle
D. Provided with straight alimentary canal with mouth an anus

20. Cuticle of ascaris is made up of

A. Corten made of keratin
B. Matrix made of matricin
C. Fibrous layer of collagen and basement layer
D. All of them

21. Final molt of rhabiditiform larva of Ascaris occurs in human

A. Stomach
B. Liver
C. Intestine
D. All of the above

22. Intermediate host in the life cycle of Fasciola hepatica is

A. Pig
B. Crab
C. Snail
D. Rat-flea

23. Excretory system of fasciola and tapeworm is characterized by the presence of

A. Septal nephridia
B. Flame cells
C. Both a and b
D. None of these

24. Infective stages of Taenia solium to man are found in

A. Muscles of pig
B. Soil
C. Fruit and vegetable
D. None of these

25. Which of these diseases are caused by blood-flukes

A. Schistosomiasis
B. Amoebiasis
C. Taeniasis
D. None of these

26. All the following are control measures for schistosomiasis except
A. Personal hygiene
B. Education
C. Proper sewage disposal
D. Provision of toilet facilities

27. Cooking meat well is encouraged to prevent the spread of

A. Ascaris infection
B. Taenia infection
C. Schistosomiasis infection
D. Fasciola infection

Part 2
1. State the characteristics of animals belonging to the phylum Platyhelminthes under each
of the following.
a. Germ layers
b. Body symmetry
c. Circulatory system

2. State three control measures for each of the following

a. Ascaris lumbricoides
b. Schistosomiasis
Answers
Part 1
1. B
Their cuticular layer is protective and made up of proteins.

2. B
The body cavity of Ascaris is pseudocoel because it is bound extremely by muscle layer
and internally by intestines.

3. C
Ascaris lumbricoides lives in the intestines of Homo sapiens.

4. D
The life cycle Ascaris lumbricoides does not have an intermediate host.

5. A
The lifespan of Ascaris is more than 30 days.

6. D
The exterior of Ascaris is covered by cuticle.

7. C
The phenomenon by which male and female sexes could be differentiated
morphologically is sexual dimorphism.

8. B
Elephantiasis is a disease caused by hookworm.

9. A
Elephantiasis is caused by Wuchereria bancroffi.

10. A
Cuticle of Ascaris is an adaptation for parasitism.

11. B
Ascaris normally inhabits the lumen of the small intestine.

12. C
Respiration of Ascaris is anaerobic.

13. C
The mode of nutrition in Ascaris is saprozoic.
14. B
Acaris lumbricoides has no intermediate host.

15. C
Sperms of Ascaris are characteristic because they are of amoeboid shape.

16. C
Ascaris is not a hermaphroditic animal.

17. B
Beneath the cuticle in Ascaris is found the hypodermis which is syncytial.

18. D
Ascaris is an endoparasite of man.

19. A
This is because of the fact that it is a dioecious animal.

20. D
All the options above make up the cuticle of an Ascaris.

21. C
Final molt of rhabditiform larva of Ascaris occurs in human intestine.

22. C
Intermediate host in life cycle of Fasciola hepatica is snail.

23. B
Excretory system of fasciola and tapeworm is characterized by the presence of flame
cells.

24. A
Infective stages of Taenia solium to man are found in the muscles of pig.

25. A
Schistosomiasis is caused by blood flukes.

26. D
Provision of toilet facilities is not a substantial control measure for schistosomiasis.

27. B
Taenia infections are normally spread through partially cooked meat therefore cooking
meat well is encouraged to prevent the spread of Taenia infections.
PART 2
1. a. Germ layer: They have erythroblastic ectoderm, mesoderm and an endoderm.
b. Body symmetry: They are bilaterally symmetrical.
c. Circulatory system: They have open circulation with no specialized circulatory
system is present.

2. a. Control measures for Ascaris lumbricoides are as follows

• Avoid ingesting soil which may be contaminated with human or pig faeces.
• Wash your hands with soap and water before handling food.
• Supervise children around pigs, ensuring that they do not put unwashed hands
in their mouth.
• Wash your hand with soap after touching pigs, cleaning pig pens and handling
pig manure.

b. Control measures for schistosomiasis are as follows

• Avoid swimming or wading in freshwater when you are in countries in which
schistosomiasis occur.
• Drink well treated water, although it is not transmitted through swallowing
contaminated water, you may become infected if you take in water containing
the parasite.
• Vigorous towel drying after an accidental, very brief water exposure may help
to prevent the parasite from penetrating the skin.