FATHER SATURNINO URIOS

UNIVERSITY
San Francisco St. Butuan City 8600,
Region XIII Caraga, Philippines
Nursing Program

RESOURCE MANUAL

TOPIC 1: SHT GROUP 1

MEMBERS:
DOLORICON, DENISE
ESTRADA, NICOLE
ERAZO, MAY CHELLE
GECOMO, CHRISTIAN
GO, HECTOR EMMANUEL
JUMAYA, RALPH
LABAJO, SAIRA BELLE
LACSON, JOHN CARLO BALAGAPO IV

SECTION: N23
DATE: FEBRUARY 22, 2022
TOPIC TITLE: STRUCTURED HEALTH TEACHING CLASS FOR ALCOHOL
SYMPUSION

CONTENT:

I. DEFINITION OF ALCOHOL
WHAT IS ACOHOL?
The one we disinfect is an alcohol made of isopropyl, very toxic when ingested and is
definitely not for consumption.
The other is the Ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, which is an intoxicating ingredient found in beer,
wine, and liquor. Alcohol is produced by the fermentation of yeast, sugars, and starches. Na
safe to ingest and to enjoy.
It is classified as a depressant, which means it slows down important functions,
resulting in slurred speech, unstable movement, distorted perceptions, and a delayed reaction
time. As for how it affects the mind, it is best understood as a drug that reduces a person’s
ability to think rationally and distorts his or her judgment.
When yeast ferments (breaks down without oxygen) the sugars in various foods, it
produces alcohol. Wine is manufactured from grape sugar, beer is made from malted barley
(a type of grain), cider is made from apple sugar, and vodka is made from sugar found in
potatoes, beets, and other plants.
 II. ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
When abused to a certain degree becomes “alcoholism”
Alcoholism is a disease that does not discriminate and can impact anyone regardless of age,
gender, ethnicity, body type or personal beliefs.

III. CAUSE AND RISK FATORS

There is no singular cause of alcoholism. In fact, there are dozens of risk factors that
play a role in the development of an alcohol addiction. These risk factors interact
differently in every individual, leading to alcohol use disorders in some and not in others.

Both internal and external factors contribute to the development of alcoholism.

 Internal Factors
Genetics, psychological condition, personality, personal choices, drinking
history

 External factors
Family, environment, religion, social and cultural norms, age, education, and
job status.

IV. TYPES OF DRINKERS

 Social drinker

are people who drink on an occasional basis. Whenever they do drink, a social
drinker will not have any problems or negative consequences.

 Alcohol abuser
is someone who begins to take their alcohol consumption too far. Their social
drinking becomes more frequent, often with heavy to extreme consumption. An
alcohol abuser’s drinking habit may become physically harmful to themselves and
others around them.

 Alcoholic
that a person has an addiction to alcohol. When a person becomes an alcoholic,
they are unable to control or set limits for their consumption. Most alcoholics start
as a social drinker and then move on to an alcohol abuser. Once they become
alcoholic, they manage to have a greater tolerance of alcohol.

V. NEGATIVE EFFECTS TO OUR HEALTH

Endocrine glands
Drinking too much alcohol may cause inflammation of the pancreas, resulting in a
condition called pancreatitis. Pancreatitis can activate the release of pancreatic digestive
enzymes and cause abdominal pain. Pancreatitis can become a long-term condition and
cause serious complications.
Central nervous system
One major way to recognize alcohol’s impact on your body? Understanding how it affects
your central nervous system. Slurred speech, a key sign of intoxication, happens because
alcohol reduces communication between your brain and body. This makes speech and
coordination think reaction time and balance more difficult. That’s one major reason why
you should never drive after drinking.

Drinking can affect the ability to:

 create long-term memories

 think clearly
 make rational choices

Digestive system
Drinking can damage the tissues in your digestive tract, preventing your intestines from
digesting food and absorbing nutrients and vitamins properly. In time, this damage can cause
malnutrition.
Heavy drinking can also lead to:

 gas
 bloating
 feeling of fullness in your abdomen
 diarrhea or painful stools
 ulcers or hemorrhoids (due to dehydration and constipation)

Circulatory system
Chronic drinking can affect your heart and lungs, raising your risk for developing
heart-related health issues. Difficulty absorbing vitamins and minerals from food can cause
fatigue and anemia, a condition where you have a low red blood cell count.
Circulatory system complications include:

 high blood pressure

 irregular heartbeat
 difficulty pumping blood through the body
 stroke
 heart attack
 heart disease
 heart failure
Sexual and reproductive health
 Excessive drinking may affect your menstrual cycle and potentially increase your risk
for infertility.
In reality, though, heavy drinking can:

 prevent sex hormone production

 lower your libido
 keep you from getting or maintaining an erection
 make it difficult to achieve orgasm

Skeletal and muscle systems

Long-term alcohol use can affect bone density, leading to thinner bones and
increasing your risk of fractures if you fall. Weakened bones may also heal slower. Drinking
alcohol can also lead to muscle weakness, cramping, and eventually atrophy.

Immune system
Drinking heavily reduces your body’s natural immune system. A weakened immune
system has a harder time protecting you from germs and viruses. People who drink heavily
over a long period of time are also more likely to develop pneumonia or tuberculosis than the
general population.

Short-Term Effects:
Brain: Alcohol alters the mood, slowing down reflexes and affecting balance. It also can contribute to
learning, memory, and sleep problems.
Heart: Alcohol increases your heart rate and expands your blood vessels, making more blood flow to
the skin (which causes you to feel warm), however, this heat passes out through the skin, causing
body temperature to fall after it has risen.
Digestive: Alcohol irritates the small intestine and colon where it is further broken down and
absorbed, and it also can affect the normal speed that food moves through them, which may result in
abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhea.
Kidney: Alcohol dries out (i.e., dehydrates) the body, which can affect the kidneys and the body’s
ability to regulate fluid and electrolytes. It also disrupts hormones that affect kidney function.
Liver: The liver can handle a certain amount of alcohol, but as a person continues to drink, it can
become stressed to the point of causing permanent damage.

Long term effects:

Cardiovascular health risks. In addition to the previously mentioned cardiovascular effects and risk
of heart damage, excessive alcohol use can raise your cholesterol levels.
Brain health risks. The long-term effects of alcohol on the brain can cause an impact on memory,
learning, and behavior. Alcohol abuse can result in:

 Brain shrinkage.
 Loss of grey matter.
 Loss of white matter.
Liver health risks. Your liver is a strong organ, but it cannot keep up with long-term, excessive
alcohol use, which increases the risk of:

 Fatty liver (steatosis).

 Alcoholic hepatitis.
 Fibrosis.
 Cirrhosis.
 Liver cancer
Pancreatic health risks, including vitamin deficiencies.
Alcohol is associated with vitamin deficiencies due to malabsorption and poor dietary intake.
Chronic alcohol consumption may contribute to developing pancreatitis, which means inflammation
and blood vessel swelling of the pancreas.
Immune system risks.
Drinking too much for too long can impair your body’s ability to fight infection and disease.
Increased likelihood of cancer.
The development of many different types of cancers can be influenced by alcohol, a known
carcinogen. Clear evidence suggests that heavy alcohol use (particularly in association with smoking)
can affect the development of and increase the risk of breast, liver, esophageal, head and neck, and
colorectal cancer. Emerging evidence is also pointing to an increased risk of melanoma, prostate, and
pancreatic cancer.
Musculoskeletal health risks.
Alcohol can weaken your bones, causing an increased risk of fractures and broken bones. High
levels of uric acid and gout are more common in people with alcohol use disorder.

VI. TREATMENT

Behavioral Treatments
Behavioral treatments are aimed at changing drinking behavior through counseling.
They are led by health professionals and supported by studies showing they can be
beneficial.
Medications
Three medications are currently approved in the United States to help people stop or
reduce their drinking and prevent relapse. They are prescribed by a primary care
 physician or other health professional and may be used alone or in combination with
counseling.

Mutual-Support Groups
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and other 12-step programs provide peer support for
people quitting or cutting back on their drinking. Combined with treatment led by health
professionals, mutual-support groups can offer a valuable added layer of support.

Alcohol withdrawal
Alcohol withdrawal can be difficult and, in some cases, life threatening. Depending
on how often you drink and how much, you may need support from a healthcare professional
if you want to stop drinking. It’s always best to connect with your doctor before quitting
alcohol.

Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal include:

 anxiety
 nervousness
 nausea
 tremors
 high blood pressure
 irregular heartbeat
 heavy sweating
Seizures, hallucinations, and delirium may occur in severe cases of withdrawal.

Treatments for Alcohol Withdrawal

Unless you have a serious health condition or you’ve had severe withdrawals in the past,
you probably won’t need more than a supportive environment to help you through. That
includes:

 A quiet place
 Soft lighting
 Limited contact with people
 A positive, supportive atmosphere
 Healthy food and lots of fluids

VII. PREVENTION AND IMPLEMENTATION

Limitations
For women, low-risk drinking means no more than seven drinks per week and no more than
three drinks on a single day. No more than 14 drinks per week for men, and no more than four per day
for women. If a person decides to drink, the recommended amount is one for women and two for men
each day.
Be surrounded by non-drinkers
There are individuals you can hang out with and places you can visit where booze isn't the
main attraction. You will be less likely to drink if you spend time with folks who don't drink or drink
infrequently.
Going to the bar, playing drinking games, shooting shots, or partying is not necessarily the
best way to socialize. Making friends who don't drink and do a range of things with you can help you
regulate or avoid drinking.
Don’t keep alcohol at home
You can't consume alcohol if you don't have it at home. Being unable to simply reach for a
drink from the cupboard or refrigerator can help you avoid forming a routine of alcohol consumption
that can easily lead to abuse or addiction.

Know its consequence when drinking

Heavy drinking can lead to legal complications, financial difficulties, work difficulty, and
general dissatisfaction in daily life. After a night of excessive drinking, returning to normal everyday
functioning might be difficult, especially if you have a hangover.
References:

Alcohol Withdrawal: What Happens When You Stop Drinking? Retrieved from

https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/alcohol-withdrawal-symptoms-treatments#1

Badi.C., (September 2021). Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and
More. Retrieved from

https://www.healthline.com/health/alcoholism/withdrawal

Burke, a. (2018, September 29). Alcoholism. Retrieved from healthline:

https://www.healthline.com/health/alcoholism/basics

Galbicsek, C. (2021, October 15). Alcoholism Causes And Risk Factors. Retrieved from Alcohol
Rehab Guide:
https://www.alcoholrehabguide.org/alcohol/causes/

Juergens, J. (2021, October 20). Causes Of Alcoholism. Retrieved from Addiction Center:

https://www.addictioncenter.com/alcohol/alcoholism-causes-risk-factors/

Mosel. S., L.M.S.W. (2022). The Effects of Alcohol On Your Body: Side Effects, Dangers & Health
Risks. Retrieved from

https://americanaddictioncenters.org/alcoholism-treatment/body-effects

NIH Publication (August 2021) NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND

ALCOHOLISM NIH. Turning Discovery Into Health. Retrieved from
https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/sites/default/files/publications/
NIAAA_Treatment_Alcohol_Problems_Booklet.pdf

Pietrange. A., Raypole. C., et.al (November 2021). What Are the Effects of Alcohol on the Body?.
Retrieve from

https://www.healthline.com/health/alcohol/effects-on-body

Preventing Excessive Alcohol Use. Retrieved from

https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/prevention.htm

TheCabin. (2018, June 26). Social Drinker, Alcohol Abuser or Alcoholic. Retrieved from The Cabin:

https://www.thecabinchiangmai.com/blog/social-drinker-alcohol-abuser-or-alcoholic/

The Foundation for a Drug-Free World. Retrieve from

https://www.drugfreeworld.org/drugfacts/alcohol.html

Vertava Health Massachusetts. Retrieve from

https://vertavahealthmassachusetts.com/blog/how-to-prevent-alcohol-abuse/