Drug Study 1

Name of Classification Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Side effects Nursing

Drug Action Considerations

Generic Penicillin Ampicillin exerts its - Treatment of - Ampicillin is - Common adverse - Monitor for signs
name: derivative antibacterial activity suspected or contraindicated in effects of ampicillin of allergic reactions,
Principen by interfering with confirmed patients with a in neonates include including rash,
the synthesis of bacterial history of severe gastrointestinal itching, swelling, or
Brand name: bacterial cell walls. It infections in allergic reactions disturbances such difficulty breathing,
Ampicillin binds to penicillin- neonates, (anaphylaxis) to as diarrhea, and report
binding proteins including sepsis, penicillins or nausea, and promptly.
(PBPs) on the pneumonia, cephalosporins vomiting. - Monitor renal
bacterial cell meningitis, and due to the risk of function,
membrane, urinary tract cross-reactivity. - Allergic reactions, particularly in
inhibiting the infections. including rash, neonates receiving
transpeptidation - Use with caution urticaria, and prolonged courses
reaction necessary - Prophylaxis for in patients with rarely, anaphylaxis, of ampicillin, as
for cross-linking of prevention of renal impairment, may occur, renal impairment
peptidoglycan early-onset as dosage particularly in may occur.
strands, which are bacterial adjustment may patients with a - Educate caregivers
essential for infections in be necessary to history of penicillin on the importance
bacterial cell wall neonates born to prevent drug allergy. of completing the
integrity. This leads mothers with risk accumulation and full course of
to bacterial cell lysis factors such as toxicity. - Prolonged use of antibiotic therapy
and death. Group B ampicillin may lead as prescribed, even
Streptococcus to the if symptoms
colonization or development of improve, to prevent
prolonged rupture superinfections the development of
of membranes. due to overgrowth antibiotic resistance
of non-susceptible and recurrence of
organisms, such as infection.
Clostridium
difficile.
Drug Study 2

Name of Classification Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Side effects Nursing Considerations

Drug Action

Generic Aminoglycosid Amikacin inhibits - Treatment of - Amikacin is - Common adverse - Monitor renal function,
name: e antibiotic. bacterial protein serious bacterial contraindicated effects of amikacin including serum
Amikacin synthesis by infections in patients with in neonates include creatinine and urine
binding to the 30S caused by a history of nephrotoxicity and output, regularly during
Brand name: ribosomal subunit susceptible hypersensitivity ototoxicity, amikacin therapy,
Amikin DSC of susceptible organisms in reactions to particularly with especially in neonates
bacteria, thereby neonates, aminoglycoside prolonged or high- receiving prolonged
disrupting the including sepsis, antibiotics. dose therapy. courses or with pre-
formation of the pneumonia, - Nephrotoxicity may existing renal
initiation complex meningitis, and - Use with manifest as elevated impairment.
and causing urinary tract caution in serum creatinine, - Perform audiometric
misreading of the infections. neonates with decreased urine testing to monitor for
mRNA template. pre-existing output, or evidence signs of ototoxicity,
This results in the -Empirical renal of renal tubular particularly in neonates
production of therapy for impairment, dysfunction. receiving high-dose or
abnormal suspected or neuromuscular - Ototoxicity may prolonged therapy.
proteins and proven Gram- disorders, or present as tinnitus, - Educate caregivers on
ultimately leads negative those receiving vertigo, or hearing the signs and symptoms
to bacterial cell bacterial concomitant loss, and may be of nephrotoxicity and
death. infections in nephrotoxic irreversible in severe ototoxicity, and advise
neonates, medications. cases. them to report any
particularly in concerning symptoms
cases of promptly.
suspected
sepsis.