Synchronization of alternators refers to the process of connecting two or more alternators in parallel,

ensuring that their voltages, frequencies, and phase angles match before they are connected to the
power grid or a load. Synchronization is a critical process because connecting unsynchronized
alternators in parallel can lead to destructive currents and voltage fluctuations.

The following are the key steps involved in synchronizing alternators:

1.Adjusting the speed: The first step is to ensure that the speed of the alternator being synchronized is
the same as the grid or the other alternators. Speed is adjusted by adjusting the prime mover's speed.

2.Adjusting the voltage: The next step is to adjust the voltage of the alternator to match the voltage of
the grid or the other alternators. Voltage is adjusted by adjusting the voltage regulator.

3.Adjusting the frequency: The frequency of the alternator should be matched with the grid or the
other alternators. Frequency is adjusted by adjusting the governor.

4.Phase angle check: The phase angle between the alternators is checked using a synchroscope. The
synchroscope is a device that shows the phase difference between the alternators by a pointer that
moves back and forth across a dial. The operator adjusts the phase angle by adjusting the voltage
regulator or the governor until the synchroscope's pointer stops moving.

5.Closing the circuit breaker: Once the voltage, frequency, and phase angle are synchronized, the
circuit breaker is closed, and the alternator is connected to the grid or the load.

6.Monitoring: The operator should monitor the alternator's output to ensure that it remains
synchronized and doesn't deviate from the desired voltage, frequency, or phase angle.

Synchronizing alternators is a critical process that requires experienced operators to ensure safe and
efficient operation.