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    BS 1377 PART 2 1990

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    45 views46 pages

    BS 1377 Part 2 1990

    Uploaded by

    Zahoor Ahmed Mohsan

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    ESL USRAS C/E HARI US ME LbeHbbT USUI G48 mt BRITISH STANDARD BS 1377: Part 2: 1990 Incorporating Anwniment No 1 Methods vf Lest for Soils for civil engineering. purposes Part 2. Classification tests Medal Sea de elon cine Gl Doenamacng etwecie Pande? Esato camaScaton ‘Te 2 Wiser pratrgen na "Ly Be Bn Sedation tha 2 Contents Foreword Commineos responsible Methods 1 Scope 3 Determination of most content 21 General 22 Ovandeying method 35 Muthoa forasrurston molirure content of chalk 4 Detarination ofthe fui lint 41 Gooaral 42 Sample preparation 43 Cone penetromater method (detinttve method) 44. One-point cone penstromecar method 45 Canngrande apparatus method ‘48 Oneoint Cassarande method 'S Determination ofthe platictimit and plasty Index 51 Geoerat 152 Samole preparation 53 Method fr plastiimit 54 Darfvtion of plasty Index and liqultry Indix 8 Determination of shinkage charactatisca 182 Sumpla preparation 163 Volumatiie sbvikage (definive method) (64 Volume shrnkage(subaldlary method) 7. Dxtarmination of denaty 24 Gonarat 72 Unestmasnuramant method TA Wala diaplacomant metiod 2 Determination of parle density 81 General 82 Gasfat method 83 Small pytnometee method 4 Large pyknomecar mathod 2, Bettminatonofparie se dtetbuton era 22 Watsleving method 33 Dry steving method 24 Sedimentation by the pipette method 32 Secimantation BY th hyarorvetr Foathod si bye Bil Slondors ean ag Fh 387 lesid ront cover Backcover 2 aeeese UNRE BS 1977 : Part2: 1990 Aopwndtc ‘A. Tyiesl tor data and caleulaton forms 1 Factors for one-point cons panetrometer liquid Hiittot 7 2. Facorsforone pol Cassarande louis tmiktac 3) Masset soll sample for seving 4 Maximum ease of matacal taba rtaned on sch tertalave at the completion of slevig 5 Pioetasampinatimes and ecubale cari 6 Hydrometctest data Viecoutyof water Frowee Dena fconefortiquld tit tet (Casagrande lqud imi apparetus Grooving tool and height gauge ‘panneage nm apparetae ‘Typlaal shiekage curve ‘Apparat for avinkage Ht teat Moti for inaar etviokage tet ‘Apparmus tor daarmineton of dety by Irnmerson in water ‘Apparesn for detacmioaion of dana by water eplacarent 10 Minimurn mees of samp required for parce eave 11. Sampling pipet for vecimentaton tact 12_ Arrangement for owering sampling pipet Into 13. Hiydcometat for daterrloation of fire particle sie BSL wasiaeee Mothode 1. Scope “This Part of 8S 1977 spaces mathodt of text fr the Guusitentio of sll and forthe cetarmination of base hres poperden Most ofthese tests ara raquired forthe classification of ails In eccordance wth 858530: 1881. ‘Som of he properties detarmined by thers ost are ‘equlred forests deseribad in other Parts of thx standard. Reference shouldbe made to Part 1 ofthis tandard for (Serarctreyirmmants that ar alevant tall Parta of thi andar ad for uthods of preparation of amples for ‘asting. NOTE. Thetis ofthe pubtana refered to athe andar Beadonthintoe boc cor @ Dotintions Pern pons tia Pu.t 85 1ST? aos phan Inne tir bent ge 3. Determination of moisture content 21 Ganeeat Wiataca prasantin most netrallyoccurciog site The lrmcund of water, exprested wi proportion by mass ofthe ny aold parce noon aa the moleure content ba profound effcton sobebaviour ln this context sills’dry ‘ren no futher wat can be ramoved at temperature not rceeding 10°C. Molazure conant la required a a guide ro clasiicavon of ena witeand ae entra erterion in recomaacted sole ‘nda measured on samples used for most eld and laboratory test, The ovan-deying mathod ie the danve ‘rocedure usedin standard laborntory practice. Nore marmeonenee freemen fd eto ot (Srhwerin brpuloabedctenenirment of escort ey Sereqared sod numer efrepi maroc ar rable 0.14 Pptetimenod tne misowers evening rathod abe ) “Nanewtie mabe i tb ed a tee ) sradsare nero ealaayoe endo bey argutedon ‘spariedrastarmetean auauobecariad caningtheovee- ‘ingmeciod wn check ‘Aprocadure for datermining the moisture content at fll serureon ofchukla desertbed. fpelature conten of «apace of sila # percentage of ks ‘ryan. “The requirement of Part ofthis standrd where sporoptete, shal aply to tha tert method, 322 Aspens 3.221 Adryingoven capabiaot maintaining atemparature of tas Cte 10°, MOTE Amen nan shoulsnatbe ud forth datrmtondonof [elastase atin menos oreteconang ro ‘ets ranar cre ft eit faring at te ‘Spottt done axanenod 110" before ata wate ‘onoreas ghar cenerrans hana can ate te propaian of inh byte i Sons sitlan sethag 77181 182 Pawite uhm teeta usdabes Us om : Issue 2, May 1996 2222 Fortine guano sols 222.21 Aglass weighing bot, Sted wth around lass oppecoreap,orrauitabe sight coroxion-esatant meta 22222 Abslancareséabiotooot a.“ 32223 Adesicatorcontaning anhydrous aca gl (Catdum donde odd not be weed arta oom tame ee (han oven ry arecaptle of aneting water om 3223 Formadlumgrained sols 3223.1 A corrosion-resztant container of about 500 @ capacity. 3222 Abslanceresdebeto0.t@ 32233 Ascoopof sutablestn, 3224 Forcousegrained sole 197.41 A ormeinn-asstant container of about ka capaciy. 32.242 Abslancerandebioto 1g. 37243 Asccopotuitblasze, 328 Procedure 3231 Forinegrained soils 3.23.1. Cleanand ary the weighing bore or meta ‘ontiner end weigh Rito the nereet Ot gtr). Taka 8 ‘ample ofat]nst 20 g ofa, crumble and plecsloosalyinthe ‘Container or weighiog bots, and replace tha lid or stopper. Tien wang me coresiner or bole wfcouena ve erent 0.01 gm). 3.23.12 Ramavethelld or stopper, and place the container te hwtnwritield and content inthe oven anddey at 105°C 1 170°C. The period requlred for ying wllvary with te ‘ype ofall and tho sze of sample but the sample all be NOTE, tet fb conanar wl nd nay ha SORBED StS wees ‘izing Boies with ground une nope hw bos aed waa waeuse bot and contonts othe naerastO01 gm. 2232 Formediumgrained soils hesrast01 9 (fm. Take e samp of at oes 300 go! so, ramble and place loosely inthe containar, and eplae the fi, Then waigh the container and contents to tha nearast nd 12322 Remove th i and placa the contine ‘content inthe avea and dr a 15 "Cto 110°C sea note 1 022.212), The pried requitedfor drying will vary withthe typeof ao the ir of sarmplaanathe umber ot samples in oven butthe sample shall be deomedto be dry when the Gitforences in successive weighings of tha cooled ample (903.2323 ang 2.23.24) atintorvals of 4h donot oxceed 0.1 % ofthe original massa! the 0 evanote 2403.23.12) Do not replece the id while the ample ho oven PAW I#e Us Mm dbe¥EE7 UsHsbed ‘rare aout tron NOTE 2, The passe of athe asin satinn wat gies BS 1377 : Paz 1990 ‘punt ercortagn by dy mass lth prion a he aisale wo Ne [2] where 25 Alar dig roplecethatid and tow the whore Resectwetostrscanna far berate acct az eying. rp 1 allow the wh ppreprn a he rsu ef pore lace ai sal pet = {toner sor ao piven ite cao oe cnet Fore ‘osname contr Gn by lw wo We. 323.24 Weigh tha container and contants to tha nearest 0.4 atm) 2233.1 Clean and dry tho containar and weigh tthe ‘escest 19 fn). Takeo sample of at enst hy of sol ples snd repace thei. Welgh the container and contents to tho nearest tg (mz). 22332 Remove th id and place the container end ‘oll and the elze of the sample but tho ample shall bo ‘deomadto be dey whon the diferencesin succassive ‘weighingsoftha cooled sample (s003.2333.0nd32.32.4)at toll nota 2103.23.12), Do not replace thei wile the amples inthe oven, be 22:33 Aer drying, replace the ld and allow the whaleto coal, 32234 Woightho container and contentstothenearest1g (oo. 3.24 Caleulaionsand expression ofregules(Seo orm 2.Aet ppondixA) Caleuate the moisture content of the soil specimen, was 8 _mietha mass ofcontaines (ng: ‘mula the mass of contain and Wot so malate 2 ‘of eontainer and ary sol fin gh “ey byte Bish Sonus etitton teh 27 nat 197 (a) Ht proprionby masctsakin the ids kaownlopscapet ‘hound pp Lapa mg ea ‘tin bymasrscleuted om he equon v= HO ‘eo o (t+ 1 tbe atcanantikrownintws ovum a Fvottldn tn deraty ote as nag ‘rou Tau coment In) by ole can then be notes fromthe eatin 10000 ar haing eden f 028 Min? and cncaling lt fneantaon of 35 poy mars, be fleence btaen the ld otorecorant wxpesed as. Ihe a concantaton nth wat not nawnitcinbe reinedby method given ane 88S 177-3120 Exyreath mature content dealer ves up 10% pcan Mgutes. For moisture contents above 10% ‘xprass tho rexutto the nearat whole number 2.25 Testreoart Thatast ror shal ara thatthe test ‘wascariadoutinaccordanca with 851377 Para: 1990and ‘shall eontln tho following information: (6) the mad oftest used: (0) coe utr ene (4) tetemperature ath 105°C: (a) the comparison with Arerberg limit, i require 00 rote 1to 324: (6) the uid contant, if appropriate (se note 210328), formation raqulred by clause 9 of BS 1577:Pat the sila dried flessthan \ | BST ase137 5 1377: Part 2: 1990 213.1 Goneral. The saturation moisture content of intact chalk lumps ean bo sod, togathor with tho chalk rushing Valin toclsslvchalkin relation toitsbeheviourasa freshly pacedtilmotoial. Thistostisboredan he determinational tha dey density athe chalk mp, using the immersion in ‘water method’ end tha calculation omit ofthe potential Trista santantateaturation, a¢sumlng 2 valuo of 270, Foi tor a partca dona ofthe chai olds “Toe requirements of Part ofthis standard where appropiate, shall apply otis tost method. 3:2 Apparatus 2321 Amotal or plastics watortight container 22.22 Abalancereadableto to 133.23 Acres and supporting frame siilrinpinciptato that shown n figure 8 whieh, withthe fame aached 10 the ‘coop or platform ofthe balance, ean suppor th creda NOTE. Thearangementot a craia and sparing ae shown Trrgun Shas secur cormaran but en ota mos whlch fest esoacnents be sapndesin wat sword yy Siig Adee nine ihe snton 33.24 Equipment for malting paraffin wax, praferably thermortatialy eontrallod. 33.25 Apparatus formoletue content determination as ‘spectiedin32. ‘hie standard. 334 Adjustment of epparstes the container ond with t least 200 rm clear space between the underside ofthe supports and the tp ofthe container. A sitabie azangemant is shown in figure 113.42 Filthecontainerwith watarto withinabout80 mm of the top. Than place tins poelion below th bance, and acjustine eras and supporting frame, so thatthe cad is Susoondedinthawaterwithout touching sithor the botom or thesdcroftscontainar Encuce thatthe largestspacimon (0 bo tosted willbe immersed completely when on th cradle, 2a Procedure 3.35.1 Each sample to bo teste shall consist ofan intact 3:35. Costthe specimen completely byrepantadippng a molten para wex. Allow tha waxed specimen o cool and ‘reighto the nearest tg.) ceyiat by be bid Sans wstaton vag 27 11340 197 5 PARTE OL ME Leevebs UsHsbes “145 om utah malian van apple by trsh eh lowed oe lore ‘Gong Enuraurae bbe ratte nr De wax Camano arta ih nea ould be ony us maten wen pa Snemesntahy contd at url cupentr ah oot 1353 Place tha waxed spociman inthe cradle wna suspend thacraia fromthe supporting ama stachod tothescoopor Speciman while suspended in water to the nearest 1 9 NOTE. whan ne space placedin ha wae, oppor by te comshouon nar teeta on buble tapes “dent hg soeenen Also, we estroge spent mass ads watar ante brand toe apecines immune campy. te at these as lr of ttn theconta ter shouldbe nee ort upping te ‘ould beaded ante sgecinan'strmerecorpltly. Te Hagunadsrapeciedin33A2a33A5 1254 Remove the specimen rom tha cradle and earfuly remove te partfin wex, Detarmine the moisture content of Alera specimen, using the procedure specified in 32. 1336 Caleladons and expression of esuts\Seetorm2.20 ‘sppandixA) Caleulate the volume ofthe tst space, Vine foe mt tho mass of specimen and wax coating tn gl; rmiathe apparent masa of =pociman end waxcoating when scinconter isthe mass ofthe chal syste const of parain vax in Mala. NOTE, Tha dansy atthe waxcan be armins by procscure Gasibedinta Colclatethatulkdonsityafthe specimen atin Mai" rom the equation: cman fing): = Cate tndrydontyofthaspacines ing. theecusion i00+w wre risthe moisture contntfthe chat tn Se memerr we 10 [2-4 2,7etho pata density ofthe chatkin Mio Issue 2, May 1996 Expronthe saturation moirturecontntforvalussupto 10% te hwo igefeant figures For saturation malitire coca shove 10% express the rest the nesret whole purer 437 Testeeport Thatertroportsallsfimthetthetostwas tered aut in sosordance with OS 1577 "Por? = 1080 ant ‘shallcotain the folowing Information: (a) the matbod of tet used {01 the aetuaton meolture content; {c)thelnformaton raquleed by laure @ofBS 1377: Par: 1990, 4, Determination of the liquid limit 41 Gooara “Tha quid init emnpleicallyextblahed moleure contant et which wall pass from thallqud state to the plane sre. Rprovises a means of ciesatying #90, ‘epecilly whan he plastcimit (ree clause Ba also own, Twormsla types oftectare specie. Th frtiathe cone ‘cenatrometer method, which fundamentally rove ‘Slatectry than the aerate because la evenly 2 ‘Ratctentdapending on sollshoarstrongth Rls aleoeasarto ‘parform and gives mere reproducible results. The second! ‘hamuch ear Cazagrandetypa oftet which hasbeen uted {ormeny yours es abasaforsollctaeaiierdon andcoraation ‘of englaserng properties. This tet Introduces dynamic ttteca and la more suacepsble to discrepancies between operator, For both type of ter an skarnative rapid ‘one pole procedure given which may giv les accurete result, ‘Themethodofsample preparation lathe sameforalof tess 142 Sample preparation 421 GaneraL Wherever possibethe tertshallbe cariedout ‘onselinfs natural eat, With macy clay sella raccable ind sha be pertmaable to remove by hand uny cose ‘arcs prvsont, Le parties retained on 825 pm test ‘Seve, Othorwea these parties shall be removed by wat evlog we ipeced in 424. Inthe definitive method the ell shell not be allowed to ‘become dry before teting. Where sir ings requlted the ‘mathod used shall be rated. Drying and breaog down furewhvene shaltcomnoty with 724.735 and TA2 of 8S 1977 sPan 19. “The requirements of Part of his standard, whace appropriate shal epply to thistert method. 422 Apparacus 42.21 Tastsiaves of sles 425 wm and2 mm, wih receiver. 4222 Apparatus for dtarmioation of molture conto. 38 specmeain 322, 4223 Arherpinite. 4224 Animplemanttor shedding cohesive sa 4225 Two palate iniven, 4226 A corrosion-estetant sight eonsiner, large ‘enough to take 200 gto 200 g of wet soil 6st 1995 {anya ty he ils ln sation feghag F114 138) BS 1377 : Part 2: 1990 4227 Aas plas pata, aconveniantslze bang 10mm ‘brox ana abou Suv rm squre. 4225 Awash bot contalning lated water comping with of BS 1977: Part 42199, 4223 A corrosion resistant container of 600 mL.or 1000 ml eapaciy. s 42210 A gins ning rod. 423 Specimen trom narra oi! (0 no material retained on 425 um test sieve, take 2 ‘wpresentative sample weighing about 500 g. Cut t {ta smal pieces uring kife or shredder snd romove any coarse partis by hand or with tweezers. 42:32 it coarna pacts are present determine thelr mass tnd the mars ofthe sample used. ‘ure meioaliobereporaatie. 4233 Teansfrtha soil to at lana pane, Add deed ‘water and mixthoroughty with two palate knives until the mata becomes tick homogeneous pes, 42.34 Pincethe pestln ansinightcontaner and allow to stand forabout2s orto tong encughto enabler wetarto eerste trovoh te soll NOTE. Ameaitog plod out 2t hie recommend formoet Scie uta shar ne ayo ncaa for sole ctlweay ‘ran Vera scone ete ect seg 4241 Takes amplacttnesoilotaufclentsizeto give atest specimen weighing elves 200 9 which passes the 425 ym tartaleve. 4242 Fromthesampletakea representative specimen and etarinateemoieare content, a(n) a8 pecifigdin 32. 424.3 Wolgh the remainder of ie samplato an accuracy of withinost gt. ¥ 4244 Praca the weighed same in container underjust ‘enough Grlled weer to submerge A eporsant shall not 4245 Fourtheslurythrough aguardelave orslaves nes {na42s pmtentelavenantedinarocalver. Usetherinionum mount of wddilonal dtllad stato wash Ge foesthrough {reo ow recover, oF a mle cortainar W ecessry, ‘ha water patsng the 425 jr tos lave le virunly lear. 42.48 Colles together the washed material rtainedon the Slaven ryt 105-Cio 110-Candwalghltoanaccurscyet ‘within ot atm. 4242 Alowthe fine sol panies inthe wash water to sate ,, 851977 san 2: 1990 4248 Allow the eusponsion partially to dey ina ‘ttf paste, Alternatively, excess water may be removed by fiteation under vacuum o¢ pressure NOTE. Amstaie condatancy corresponds to nt mor tan mm Pegs tiom atte Comecan aspera 425 Calculations For the sieved oilealuletethedry mess, {lin o,f tha nial eamole fom the equator: 100 o> (arm) ™ where ‘the moletcecontant Fin 5: inulathe mantof the samples determined in 42.43 (9) Calculate percentage of particles passing the A25 nmtont ime, peor the equeion: @ ‘mya the massotthe sample as detarminedin 42.480 g) 43 Cone penetrometer method (defitiva method! 42:1 General The method covers the determination ofthe Tiguldtimitof «sample of aol las netueal eater of sample of ell rom which matara retained on «<25pm tst Aare es boas removed. NOTE. haath nig th cone \Teplving te Casgranca apart oe eta be saison cept ohangorameucie nh ‘Thetone pesarommar sppertante eet Patan Upcinenent bein renin et depererton in ogee at cyan, Te rot oad wi a 08 esate er ighty rom anew cegroe ‘Spparnoe bain most cane up tg Eto 100 here ‘Sereno winarba signa snd ethan te oral ‘lon Rayo be bined ng te Cataranaeeppeetn ‘sppropits shall apply to thistest method. ) Apparatus {43.21 Atte glseptata of which aconveniantsize's 19 mm tlc and about 800 mm equare 43.22 Two pal kniverorspatlas, 442.23 A penevometer a8 uswa ia pturinous mare testing comping with BS 2000: Part 49. 43.24 Acons of iinlese ete or duralumin approximately ‘Smmlona.wiihaamooth.ollahedsurfaca and an angleot 30.2 1 Toenaura dat the pont romaine sutfclendy sharp {forthe purporerofthatest the cone shall be replaced I hee ‘continoad ue, the pointean notonger be fet when brushed, Sah withthe tp of the finger win the ip ofthe cones puthedthroughs hole 5 002 mm in lameter, bored ‘hough a tal pte 1.75 x 01 ma thick. The se of the ‘ona together witht ling shaftehallba60.00 © 0.1 (tee figure th NOTE. Thestetotuatece roughness lmoresigetcanthansmall ‘erdoneincona glo nines of OR cone panaomett petal oe 4325 One or more motal cups (55 22) mmin dinmater an 40 +21 mn doar with te ci Oaralel to ‘he fat base ih ye deh Snes ston eh 58018) Issue 2, May 1996 43.28 Anavaporating dah of about 150 mon diameter 4.3.21 Apparatus tor mossture content determination of fine grtined soils 9 specified in 3.22. 43.28 Awash bord orbesiar, containing detited water compbing with 6.1 of Pan Tofthis randard. 4223 Acorrosionrasittntalcight conti 432.10 A mota svsightedge bout 100 mm long or 8 43211 Astopclockorstopratchrendateto 16 433 Procedure 4.55.1 samen tampse oravout sv g rom ma woK pene Drepered ax specified a 423 (nturl condition) oF 42-4 {sieved aol and placa ton the glee pl 433.2 Moctheesteforatlnst10 minusiogthetwopalene river Mnecensary odd mote dled weer so thatthe Ast cane panetrmtion resding is aboct 15 mm. SE re (ames Rin cteoracu engin ney ea arid 43.23 Pusha portion ofthe mized sitinto the cup with palate rife tallng care notto wap al. Sik off exces ail, ‘wich the sealghtedge to gle a amocth evel vrfac. 433.4 Wit the penatetion cons lockad nthe aad position tows: the supporting assembly so thet he tp ofthe Coon junt touches the mrface of he vol When Ue eana iain the correct portion atight mavemancfthe cup wil just ‘markt so aurfce. Lowa the stam ofthe dal gauge to ‘contact the cone aba and record the reading f the al 4335 Release the cone fora period ofS = 14 tthe spparmusis not ftad wih an automat relasse and locking vice ake care motto fark the apparatus dering this poration After locling tha coreinpotluon ower the tam of ‘he dal uuge to contact the cone shaft and record the ‘eaclog ofthe dial gnuge tothe noarest0.1 mm Rocord the ifaronce botwsen tha begianiag and end ofthe drop wx the ane panewaton. 4338 Litoutthe cone and clean it carefully to avoid serhing. ‘tap alemako the surface emooth arin 3.3 and ropent4324t0 433.8, 43.38 Ifthe diffornce betwoon the fist and second penetration readings isnot more than 0.5 mm record the average ofthe two penetrations and procaed to 4333. {the second penetertiont more than 05 mm apd les than {man diffren rom te Ret entry out third tort the coveralirangeisthen notmerethan t mm record the aver ‘ofthe tea penetrations und proceed ts 43.39. Ifthe overall range ie more than t eum remove the aol rom thacup, comic nd report 43.33 0433.8 unl gonastone raaclen are abtained and then proceed 1 43.33. esi 1996 a A Yas 1977 : Part 2 : 1990 foe emer Samira eer Se ee att set rnrbonmed Fetter roads sare hanson tao Rerermeemrenesenrnn ened ipa resect rts at race see ciantnoaesaetionc> scorns cas piece eeeneen re ssrtaraicnme deca ss se chat arp aon operoroeed sna 1 csnousntrsscnotnaianton eM i catpancicastnhapn 4342 Plotthe relationship berwnen moisture contant and cone penuation with he parcartage molstur contents #8 bucesaw andthe cone persons et ordinates, both on lnearseaion 14243 Oraw the bert evalghtin iting the plotted point 42.44 From the linear graph read off the moieture content ‘SSersponding toa cone paoetraton of 20 mee den place. 4348 Expreea the molture content coreeponding to 8 reat hole puter and ‘apart nthe qu nk (of te all sample. 43.48 Expree the percentage of mata pessng the 1225 peter levacorect to the nearest whole number (wee +28 Textropor Thatoetrapor shal affimthatthetstwas tied outin accordance with BS 1977: Par stall enntain the flleg informatio (t) the mathodoftart ured: (0) the guldiits (c) the porcentage of ma 425 ym Cot sive (4) the hieory of ha mi natura ta orater wet (a) the tnermaden reqs Poet 11950 44 Onepolat cone penetrometer method 441 General This method enables the guid init a lt tamole to be determined trom only one meaeurement of ‘moimuce conta This method enables rest toe ‘Shtaned when only # wall amount of wlll avalae pre treatments Soreigaiee cirndaoocen cosas isin tinaeat ots ay bythe i london fet ka 72 ThA 807 Issue 2, May 1996, org, nic rosoectg pacing toad enicha han about soproptatene ofa “The raquireant of Part of hie tanderd, where sporonriats shal aocly te hia tst method. 442 Apparatus. The apparetue shall bathe tame asthat specitedin 43.2 7 44341 Tata a eample of abou 100g from the soi paste prepered.sapecifed'a 42 natural condition or 424 {cleved sland place ron the glans plats OTE. Formany so he lntuane of euraling or rong ha ‘irognelnrocacas rocsthartvunktyiob grater tan cho ‘her in trapi procure 4432 Thoroughly mixthe pera with dstiled watar using ‘Se we palo kn. Aajun the molture contento that corresponding toa cane punetation of between 15 mm and 25 rom, and at loss ex porate t020 mem. This maybe chckadwih th cone panstrometer davon ncousary Mix foratleest 0 mine NOTE. Somsolitagcyeofigh ent andreisvl vote ey fequleupiets minclcondnaua ning reduetbetoa teen ‘SShaeetat eincai compare tna sdb 443.2 Pusha pontion of te iced so nto the cup with & palette hfe, taking care not to trap ai. Stik off excees sl ‘eid the wuaigheedgeto give warooth surface, 14434 With thecona locked inthe raised postion lower the supporting axsembly so thatthe tip ofthe cone ux touches {he surtae ofthe so When tha conalalnthe correctposition ing ofthe al guage tothe nearest Ot om. the cone ora period ofS 16 the spparmus te not ited with an automatic relente and locking ‘Sercs take cara notto joe Ch apparetue GUNG OE ‘operon, ARa locking the consi postion lower the cial {hugeto the new postion ofthe cane shaft and notethe Fading tothe naaest01 mm Recordthe dilfersnce between, ‘he Depinning and end oft erop wx the cone peru aor. 4434 Uittoutthe cone and clean carefully 1 veld scratching. {rap arma the surface smooth ax apacifed ia 443.3 and reper 6a24t0 6428, 4428 Repost 442410 443.7 vl wo consecutive tests ‘ivecone penetration readings within OS mi. 4439 Remove the bulk ofthe sol Including the zone Denatrrtd by the cone from the cup. Placa tin a autable onteiner and determina te materncontant ax ecified ina, ‘444 Caleuatons and axpeesson of results Celculate the moisture content of the taxtsample as specified In 32 and Shprons Ure vom we far des place Issue 2, May 1996 Sermons consatrangetom table ‘Caleta the gud iit rom the equation: guid tnt = moire cntuet x fectoe ned xress thereto the ngcent whole umber, AAS Tostroport Thotestreportshall atin thatthe tastowns Corie out In accordanea with BS 1377 Part 2: 1980 and (a) tha method of txt usd: (2) the vale ofthe gud ent (6 the pensniaye of material tained on the 425 ym tot sieve: (6) the history ofthe sample, ag. whether tsted Inthe amuraerte ocaherwetslevingorater any otherprocess; (e) the Information equled by clause 3 of BS 1377: Pan: 1900, 85 1977 : Pact 2 452 Aspens 45.21 Aftatcletplite ofwhionacomenpinnt ira 0 nm thick and about 600 mm equace 45.22 Two palate bates or spatlas. 14-28 Amechenioe dice comping with he ental eile iorrated a fgure 2 The base shal be made of ‘vleanized rubber of hardnets between 84° and S4°1RHO Uotarnsdonel Rite Hardness Seale) and ellonce sccordanca wih 85903. The formulation ofthe rubber aba be gonaraly as apecifedin BS 1154 for type 2 eompounde but edonal filer, sch a phenolicrxi, can be used to proce tha rena hardness and realience. ‘Tho hardossshallds termined stleastonce evary2yeees yuna ofa hardoasa txt ax spetod in 85 903: Part AZ and the resilanes by means ofthe Lupke pendulum ‘hat te hardness grostac than 85°IRHD. Each test can be performed itheronthefullaminationthicknessorenthefl Blockthekness 4524 Agrooving tol and gauge comptying withthe “Tabla 1. Factors for one-polt cone penatrometar auld i tet” one, Foca for car ont ange pecein | awe] eines [amet 6 voor | soe 11098 6 yo | sore sos v7 soa | 1058 1.085 1% tam | 1039 1.938 ois | to20 1018 a ose | ase ose 2 ost | oes 0.967 Bb ase | osc4 090 2 ass | ose rey 3 Gost | osse 0000 Plastcy | tow | fotermectare | high “atreen aon wd ula 178 ‘45 Cansgrande apparatus method", "At Gata. aia an aarnatve ieinod ore ‘etarminton of tba iquidlitof «sample ofratural sl oF af naampeofeilfromubich matedalewtaloadon #425 pm tertlevehas been removed. ‘Raapied procedure tor Sucrisng the Gaui tik bt experience Fe tnewn bat hi cefcottoraisaie the aperen in vcore wiht rancerd and tne mute mbjctio th fuerte ‘pert Faransrersnathe mete wnlg coe panera oem tees caret nearer Eniegrasitsparsincorscy ratainesenathatatproces.r® StrEirecnnse ts nttecory rons canbe obtained Rear RONEN eeEcmetid opcrtgaltomstscons ‘Gunde normal vacation ialy tobe obtained wing the Cenegrnnce perv Froude above 10 he cone Bed epoman to est 995, apy ye keh Slants tan eb og 21880 1) ‘sonal deta lated In igure. NOTE. The groovsgtcahouldbendthdeewn fomusewhanthw sp [Eincardcheclgnuge ote cores rwmionagurmc rion ane chested 4525 Apparatus for moisture contant determination of fine orained soils as specified in 32.2. 4528 Aweah botde or beskw containing dieiled wetar ‘complying with 8.1 ofS 1977: Par 1 1290. 4527 Acomroslncesetne scight contalnerlarge enough {tala 200 gta 250 gf wets 453 Adueementof spperats insgect te liquid tit motsurecuim rapaat He whole tet Caleula the rvacegs ofthe twomolaturecontentvalue and tecovese the value tothe naacest whole number This the plardelinde 15:35 Testrapor. Thetertrepon shallatfien hat thatest woe arod out in accordance wh 8S 1377 : Part 2: 1990 and (0) the method oftestused (0) the plete it ofthe so8 ample {el tha neccantaae of materia passing the 425 um test iets {) the inory of the eample, og. whether testedin the arturo tate or efter wet ievingor after any otharproces (61 Tae information soured by clause Bf BS 1977: qn 1890. txt possbleto datarmine the plstetinithifactahall berepored. 54 Dectaton of plasty lodax and gut Index {641 General Tie mathod covers the determination ofthe ‘pleeicny ndaw and the Faulty Indexot aol, 1542 Procedure Owtamioe tho moieture content Ww. of the fracion passing #425 pmtast sieve ofthe nample of ol Inits natural condtion by one ofthe procadures spect in ‘dauea. (See now 3.24) termine ta cul iit, wt, by one af the procedures speclid la claune 4 and the plastic it, wy, by the procedure specified 3. 843 Calcultons Calelet the plasticity index, hy trom the un komm ‘Caleutate the gull rom tne equacion: a yee 6. Determination of shrinkage characteristics 61 Covert 11 Oblactiva Shinkace dues dying I signifcantin Gaya but lve soln ais and sans, Thee ests enable the tinkage leks wp of ele tobe determined, Lathe tmolature content Balow which clr ceases to shrink They seo provide wey of quanitying the amount of abrinkag Tet to be experienced by cay, a term ofthe snnnxage ‘ati, volumetiizshviokage and near abvinkege. “Theusfactor are alto rlavact othe converte condiion ot expansion due weting. Capa by he ih Snore nate ed 27 1340 Inthe defive method in whlch volumetic messuramants tromede on eeytindscal aeciman, urualy of undiurbed fellas itl lowed td The rocond isthe subsidiary Teitedinwhich daturbedatemivad tna pastewhh vera {olorm a emall pt for the sama purpose, Bark procedures fnablothe abrinkagellntof the gol the avinkagerato.ond the volumetric theokage fra glen change cf molture Inthe tied tax only the total linaar ahinkage of scl peste inmonsured. “The second and tied procedures are cacad out onthe fraction ofthe gol sample passing #429 oon 62 Sample prepartion “The ofindlal specimen forthe tet specified n 6 shall ba prepared by one of the procedures specified Inciause Tot BS 1277 samt 1 1990 deponcing on whether the specimen Iutobe of undiaturbed. remouldedorcompacted cll andthe ‘ype ia ofthe aignal wap. ‘Samples forthe teats specified in64and 6S shade ‘prepared nthe same way ax specified in 42. Wherever ovale alla the natura state aall ba used end partion {gar than 425 um shall be removed by hand. Inthe definitive method the all ahall not be allowed to ‘become dry bore teog, Whare ar drying is required the ‘mathod used shall be stated. Drying and breskng down presedureeshalcomplywith 734, 728 and 743 of BS 1377 Peet: 1900. (63 Volumes shtakage(dfiatve method! Shrinkage imi of cine specimen of undiarrbad {moulded acl by mening ts volume as moieire Cantant decresses from the isl value aed potng the “Tell epesimenle enol tena Xt fang ef Betwoen i iymeteand'2 “The requirements of Part ofthis standard, where sppropetee shal apply we at matod. 632 Apparatus 63.2.1 Shrinkage lit apparatus. ofthe type shown in {igure The easel fowtores reat flow: {41 Immersion tank for eotaining mere (0) wiew cage for wcloning the specimen {e) mizromeur measuring orice, reads complying with 42.43 of BS 1977: Part (4) slctrial ret with attr, Indicator lamp ned pltinam contact mounted on the tp ofthe mizomet ‘kam, aucnthatcontact wine mercury rurfave angen {he creat and ight the emo: (o) croatia witch: (0 tavelina scowa on the ete, and circular Iveliog busbie: ” (@) cinadtop surtne to atlow spit droplets offmareuryto fin eck a the an “ yh by he a Sin feb ag 77 113580 13) 88 1977: Pare2 : 1990 Rotating handle Micrometer : Specinen cage | wercxry contsiner Leveling screws Figured Slokage ent wpparetes 63.22 Mercury meta, suffice to filthe tank ofthe spparaun to te requled level. WALI: MerGUr e# Pazar wuts ai re sppropriata precationary measures should batakan wen ‘ning Reference sbould bamadeto current Government ‘eguletions undo Guidance Note MS 12, Health & Safry oe, he esllance (IRNCO, Seve 1372) Operadons Involving the use of mercury should ba cared outin« fume cupboard orn the vicinity of a ar learectr fan no that any mercury vapour can be removed Iomediataly. ‘Adequate provision shouldbe mada forthe removal of ‘apo from the drying oven. {£223 Teaycontaning afta verte, on which to stand the opareinvo that any aplled mercury ean be retained. 62.24 Bolancerendable 900 0. 83.25 Watch glass 43.26 Tongsforlihing the specimen. 183.27 Smetltrush, foc brosing droplet of mercury. (63.2.8 Apparatus for determination of moiaure conta es ovaiieain 32. 6329 Mould or tub for forming the txt specimen, and iablacating andtimming tools, aespecedin 2-1 and 1.23 0f BS 1277:Pan 41098, 0.3.2.10 Aupoer gloves 633 Preperation of pparawe 62.31 Detarmine the internal dlameter, D, ofthe mercury 63.22 Piacathe apparatus on a fen bench, snurtadaa fume cupbosid or nthe vicny of an alreiractorfan— 15 ANpS 1377: Pee? : 1860 Issue (63.33 Levelthe apparatus by 4.23.4 Add mercury cartuty tothe tank, tothe required eth. erainaleval (63.3.6 Usethe tent witch to cack he slacscal crest Completalysubeerged, and rotate ta fo thes to dlslodoe rye bubbles. 4228 Adiontherolerometer unl the pitinum contctjuet ouches de ure ofthe mercury, as inclcated by hw Incieror lamp. 1€3..3 Record the reading ofthe micrometer asthe r90 “sting Me neon 2.2.10 Raia the cage out ofthe tenk and raise the Frlerometa adjust 4.24 riepmetan vf dn aperinen Brapare the ond! Specimen by one ofthe methods spaced In causa Hot (85 1577 : Pat 1: 1990, ‘Measure the nal ength and dlamoter ofthe specimen to thenearestO01 mm, arapectiodin 24.Recnduve eveiege values of aogth, land diameter, Or NOTE. Thess masurament provide achackon the vole Iemma cols boar ‘Weighthe specimento0.01 g,and,ecordieusthelnitalmess, m. 2 Tae peacire (€351 Pisce the soll specimen nthe cage ofthe shrinkage Tit epparee and lover the eage unt Rls compltaly Ienmersed nthe mercury Rotate the cage a few times to ‘lsoage nny air bubeven "1352 Adjutthe micrometer so thet contact with the ‘rorya jot made, ghting the lamp, 6.35.2 Record the micrometer wading, Min mm), and ‘calculate the difference beowaon Mand the zero | reading, MG 635.4 Ralea the cage, remove the specimen and carefully brshoft any droplet of mercury beck into the tank 83.55 Weigh the specimen mmedietaty 0.01 g(r (6.3.54 Face the specimen on awatch glass and lwve it ‘anding exponed fo thea etroom tompereture for about 2 Ineo arto ry pect. 4.257 Repent 6251106256, determining thezeroreading sechilme aedeserbadin€ 15.7t083.-10 andobuinsetsof ‘ricromete readings andthe corresponding mans. Continue Unt three auceassive ifarances in micrometer rean ‘how no change wlth edocng mass. by De Bl Snr san wath 7 11340 87 2, May 1996 NOTE|, Arti polntne stl normety at one Haha ctor Nv Tha dsnn noeat may ike ave deol at be ‘adap by oon cng emote cas ey dorsapin ee Space: erry ay at iptv fw ech ToD ata enlng ovale Wier crc ay Tier nnn coud roma ented ging ea mate. {onveduaea seat to preven such uno mle OPIN 63.528 When no further sbvinkage le taking ples dey the specimen to conetant mast at 105 Co 110 °C. NOTE. Toe cven aed irons shouldbe derualy ‘luda vniota ey uur ese {6353. Cool the dried specimin ine desiccator and waigh it tnnat gtd {63.5.10 kamarasthe dey specimen athe marcy tank and

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