Sultanate of Oman

THERMODYNAMICS I Practical (MIME3110P)

Semester I Academic Year 2022-2023
Laboratory Manual

CHEE2101P

THERMODYNAMICS –I LAB
Experiment 3: Isochoric Heating and Cooling.

Name: Abdulaziz Mahmood Al Toubi

ID: 12s2023512
Submitted to: Mr. Nasser Al Naabi

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Aim:

“To check the Gay-Lussac Law and find the mass & heat transfer of the air”.

Apparatus:

- Cylinder with electric heater

- Heating Regulator
- Heater

Introduction:

- What is the Isochoric process?

“
“The isochoric process in thermodynamics is
defined as the process that takes place at constant
volume (V), The science that studies the behavior of
parameters like temperature, pressure, heat, work,
and energy in a system at equilibrium is
Thermodynamics”

- Why the Isochoric Heating and

Cooling process is being important?

“The isochoric process is one of several idealized thermodynamic processes

which describe how the states of an ideal gas can undergo change. It describes the
behavior of gas in a closed container at a constant volume”

- Example of Isochoric Heating and Cooling process :

“A good example of an isochoric process is the ideal Otto cycle. In this, when the gasoline-air
mixture is burnt in a car's engine there is an increase in the temperature and the pressure of the
gas inside the engine. Meanwhile, the volume of the gas remains exact the same”.

procedure:
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 - Open the main switch.
- “Open the air discharge valve on the lid of the heat able
cylinder and set the vessel to ambient pressure”.
- Switch of air discharge valve again.
- “Set the required final temperature on the heating
regulator using the arrow keys”.
- “Start the data acquisition program and make the
correspondence settings”.
- “Switch on the heater and operate as long as necessary
until the final temperature is reached”.
- “Leave the cylinder unchanged and continue immediately
with the cooling experiment”.
- “Switch of the heater”.
- “Leave the vessel to cool to ambient temperature”.
- Close the master switch
:Observations
- Isochoric Heating
(V= Constant):

P ( pa) Pressure Pressure Temperature T Temperature T Time in S.NO

T (K )
P (pa) P (bar) (k ) (℃ ) (min)

338.63 1 ×10
5
1 295.3 22.3 0 1
363.26 1.08 ×10
5
1.08 297.7 24.7 0.5 2
369.64 1.13 ×10
5
1.13 305.7 32.7 1 3
375.07 1.18 ×10
5
1.18 314.6 41.6 1.5 4
371.62 1.21 ×10
5
1.21 325.6 52.6 2 5
363.90 1.23 ×10
5
1.23 338 65 2.5 6

2182.12
Average( h)P/T = =363.68
6
- Isochoric Cooling

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P ( pa) Pressure Pressure Temperature T Temperature T Time in S.NO
T (K )
P (pa) P (bar) (k ) (℃ ) (min)

319 1.15 ×105 1.15 360.5 87.5 0 1

311.37 1.12 ×10
5
1.12 359.7 86.7 0.5 2
307.09 1.10 ×105 1.10 358.2 85.2 1 3
305.92 1.09 ×10
5
1.09 356.3 83.3 1.5 4
301.91 1.07 ×10
5
1.07 354.4 81.4 2 5
300.96 1.06 ×10
5
1.06 352.2 79.2 2.5 6
1846.25
Average( c) P/T = =307.70
6

Calculation:
Diameter of Cylinder D=10 cm∧height=30 cm
π
Constant Volume of cylinder V =h ×( ) D2
4
π 2 −3 3
V =0.1×( ) 0.3 =7.0 ×10 m
4
a. Find the mass of air:
R : Gas constant=0.287 KJ /Kg K
C p=1.005 KJ / Kg K
C v=0.718 KJ / Kg K
PV
Mass of air :m=
RT
V p 7.0 × 10−3 −3
m(heating)= × = × 363.68=8.8 ×10 kg
R T 287
−3
V p 7.0× 10 −3
m(cooling)= × = × 307.70=7.5 ×10 kg
R T 287

- Find the heat(Q) and work(W) energy Transfer:

- No work done∈the isochoric process :W =0

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b . Find the heat energy Transfer : Q=mCv (T max – T min)
Q(h)=m×Cv (T max – T min)
−3
Q(h)=8.8× 10 ×718(338 – 295.3)=269.7 9
Q(c )=m Cv(T max – T min)

−3
Q(c )=7.5 ×10 × 718(360.5 – 352.2)=44.6 9

Graph:
- Isochoric Heating

P vs T
1.4
1.2
Pressure in bar

1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Tempreature in C

Scale :
x-axis 1unit = 10℃ Temp.
y-axix 1 unit = 0.2 bar of pressure

- Isochoric Cooling

1.16
1.14
Pressure P (bar)

1.12
1.1
1.08
1.06
1.04
1.02
1
78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88
Temperature T (℃)

x-axis 1unit = 2℃ Temp.

y-axis 1 unit = 0.2 bar of prrssure

Result:

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After calculating we found

1. Mass of air:

m ass of air(heating)=8.8× 10−3 kg

m ass of air(cooling)=7.5× 10−3 kg

2. Avg. (P/T) for both processes:

Average(h eating) P/T =363.68

Average( c ooling) P/T =307.70

3. Heat energy Transfer Q:

Heat energy Transfer Q(heating)=269.79 J

Heat energy Transfer Q ( cooling )=44.69 J

Conclusion:

“We observe that pressure increased when temperature increase, and the graph shown the
relationship between the volume and pressure which is proportional relationship”.
Additionally, we observed that the results we took was not accurate due to the accuracy
of the timing stop.

References:
1- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/isochoric-heating
2- https://study.com/academy/lesson/thermodynamic-processes-isobaric-isochoric-
isothermal-adiabatic.html
3- https://www.britannica.com/science/thermodynamics/Isothermal-and-adiabatic-
processes law

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