Basic Grammar Summary

Pronouns Verb to Be –PRESENT-

I (YO) AM (SOY-ESTOY)
YOU (VOS) ARE (SOS-ESTÁS)
HE (ÈL) IS(ES-ESTÁ)
SHE (ELLA) IS (ES-ESTÁ)
IT(COSAS-ANIMALES) IS (ES-ESTÀ)
WE(NOSOTROS) ARE (SOMOS-ESTAMOS)
THEY(ELLOS) ARE (SON-ESTÀN)

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PERSON+AM-IS-ARE+VERBING

HE IS LISTENING TO MUSIC
THEY ARE READING A BOOK

Interrogative form
IS HE LISTENING TO MUSIC?
ARE THEY READING A BOOK?

Negative form

HE ISN`T (IS+NOT) LISTENING TO MUSIC

THEY AREN`T(ARE+NOT) READING A BOOK

UTILIZAMOS EL PRESENTE CONTINUO CUANDO EXPRESAMOS ACCIONES QUE ESTAN

SUCEDIENDO AHORA

TIME EXPRESSIONS: NOW(AHORA) AT THIS MOMENT(EN ESTE MOMENTO) TODAY (HOY)

TONIGHT(ESTA NOCHE) THIS SATURDAY(ESTE SABADO)

VERBO CAN (PODER)

PERSON+CAN+VERB

HE CAN SWIM
CAN HE SWIM?
HE CANNOT/CAN`T SWIM
Se utiliza para expresar habilidades, permisos, pedidos

Can I go to the toilet?Permiso)

can you open the window, please?(pedido)

HAVE GOT- HAS GOT (TENER)

HAVE GOT: I-YOU-WE-THEY

HAS GOT: HE-SHE-IT
PERSON+HAVE/HAS GOT+ WHAT?
HE HAS GOT A DOG
HAS HE GOT A DOG?
HE HASN`T (HAS NOT) GOT A DOG.

THEY HAVE GOT A NEW COMPUTER

HAVE THEY GOT A NEW COMPUTER?
THEY HAVEN`T (HAVE NOT) GOT A NEW COMPUTER

Simple present
AUXILIARIES: DO-DOES (SE UTILIZAN EN PREGUNTAS Y NEGACIONES)

DO: I –YOU- WE -THEY

DOES: HE –SHE-IT

I-YOU-WE-THEY

PERSON+VERB

YOU LIVE IN MONTE GRANDE

DO YOU LIVE IN MONTE GRANDE?
YOU DON´T (DO+NOT) LIVE IN MONTE GRANDE

HE-SHE-IT

PERSON+VERBS

HE LIVES IN MONTE GRANDE

DOES HE LIVE IN MONTE GRANDE?
HE DOESN`T(DOES+NOT) LIVE IN MONTE GRANDE

AL UTILIZAR EL AUXILIAR DOES ELIMINO LA “ S “ DEL VERBO.

ESTE TIEMPO VERBAL SE UTILIZA PARA EXPRESAR ACCIONES QUE REALIZO TODOS LOS
DÌAS- HÀBITOS O RUTINA.

TIME EXPRESSIONS: ALWAYS(SIEMPRE)-USUALLY(USUALMENTE)-OFTEN(CON

FRECUENCIA) SOMETIMES(A VECES) NEVER(NUNCA).
EVERY DAY (TODOS LOS DIAS)- IN MY FREE TIME (EN MI TIEMPO LIBRE)

CUANDO AGREGO” S” O “ES”?

READ READS
PLAY PLAYS
STUDY STUDIES
FINISH FINISHES
WATCH WATCHES
PASS PASSES
GO GOES
HAVE HAS