Lesson Plan

Grade: 11
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Matrices
Specific Objectives: At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:-
1. Define a matrix
2. Identify by sight different types of matrices
3. State the order of a matrix and formalize a matrix
4. Identify an element in the matrix given its position and vice versa.

Reference Material: Mathematics A Complete Course Vol.2 by Raymond Toolsie

Summary of Content:
Defining a matrix - A matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or
expressions, arranged in rows and columns. The individual items in a matrix are called its
elements or entries.

Matrices can be used to store information and to represent transformation in the plane.

The order of a matrix is the number of rows × the number of columns. An example of a matrix
with 2 rows and 3 columns is

Types of Matrices

 Row Matrix: Row matrix has just one row. It can have multiple columns but there is just
a single row present in a row matrix. Example, A= (3 2 1), this Matrix has just one (1)
row but three (3) columns.
−1
 Column Matrix: Column matrix has just one column. Example B = ( 3)
5
 Null Matrix: Null matrix is a type of matrix which has all elements equal to zero. C =
0 0
( ).
0 0

 Square Matrix: Square Matrix is a type of matrix which has equal number of rows and
8 3 5
columns. Example D = (0 7 11 ).
2 1 −4
 Diagonal Matrix: It is type of square matrix which has all the non-diagonal elements
6 0
equal to zero. For example, matrix, E = = ( ) is a diagonal matrix.
0 5

 Identity Matrix: It is a type of square matrix which has all the main diagonal elements
1 0
equal to 1 and all the non-diagonal elements equal to 0. Example F = ( ), it is also
0 1
called unit matrix.

Order of Matrix

The order of a Matrix is the stated by the number of rows by the number of columns

Look at the following Matrices and state the order:

1. P = (5 3 0) order = 1 × 3

18 −2 order = 2 × 2
2. Q = ( )
−9 7

15 order = 2 × 1
3. R = ( )
−3

4 −6
4. S = ( 0 1) order = 3 × 2
−3 11

Identifying elements in a Matrix

The position of an element is determined by the intersection of the row and column. Let’s
look at the digit 11 in the Matrix below:
2nd column

4 −6
( 0 1) ∴ 11 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝osition of 3rd row 2nd column
−3 𝟏𝟏 3rd row

Which number is in the 2nd row 1st column? 0 .

Class Activity:

Write down 5 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒𝑠 of different order and then state the positions of at least two (2)
elements.